Question 1

A(n)________ refers to anything that occurs as part of a daily business of which a record must be kept.
A) transaction
B) investment
C) capital asset
D) value chain analysis
E) use case

Accepted Answer

A transaction is defined as any event that occurs within a business that requires a record to be kept. These can include sales, purchases, returns, and any other financial activity. Keeping track of transactions is important for accounting and financial reporting purposes.

Question 2

________ are a set of activities an organization performs in order to reach their business goals.
A) Business processes
B) Business standards
C) Business technocracies
D) Business data flow models
E) Business cases

Accepted Answer

Business processes are a set of activities an organization performs in order to reach their business goals. They involve a series of tasks or steps that take inputs and create outputs. Business standards, technocracies, data flow models, and cases are all related to business operations but are not the specific set of activities that make up business processes.

Question 3

________ decisions deal with complex problems with broad and long-term ramifications for an organization.
A) Executive-level
B) Functional-level
C) Tactical-level
D) Operational-level
E) Managerial-level

Accepted Answer

Executive-level decisions involve top-level management and deal with strategic issues that have a significant impact on the organization's future direction and success. These decisions typically have broad and long-term ramifications and require a deep understanding of the organization's vision, mission, and goals. Functional, tactical, operational, and managerial decisions are more focused on specific areas of the organization and may have shorter-term implications.

Question 4

With respect to organizational decision-making levels,________ decisions can be programmed directly into operational information systems so that they can be made with little or no human intervention.
A) asymmetrical
B) semistructured
C) unstructured
D) comparative
E) structured

Accepted Answer

Structured decisions are routine and repetitive decisions that can be made by following a definite procedure. These decisions can be programmed into the operational information systems so that they can be made with little or no human intervention. Examples of structured decisions include inventory ordering and payroll processing.

Question 5

The executive level of an organization is also known as the ________ level.
A) managerial
B) tactical
C) operational
D) strategic
E) illusory

Accepted Answer

The executive level is responsible for strategic planning and decision making for the organization as a whole. Therefore, the best choice is D - strategic level. Choices A and C refer to lower levels of management responsible for day-to-day operations and implementation, while choice B refers to the middle level of management responsible for implementing the strategies set by the executive level. Choice E is not a valid option as it is not a recognized level of organizational management.

Question 6

With respect to organizational decision-making levels,for ________ decisions,some procedures to follow for a given situation can be specified in advance,but not to the extent where a specific recommendation can be made.
A) unstructured
B) planned
C) semistructured
D) asymmetrical
E) structured

Accepted Answer

For semi-structured decisions, some procedures can be specified in advance, but the decision still requires some level of judgment or creativity in determining the final recommendation. A specific recommendation cannot be made due to the need for some degree of subjective interpretation.

Question 7

Ben White is the manager of a retail store.His work typically includes the routine,day-to-day interactions with customers.Once in a while,he also solves customers' problems and deals with dissatisfied customers.Additionally,he has to keep track of inventory and issue an order for additional inventory with levels below a specified level.Ben is a(n)________ level manager.
A) operational
B) tactical
C) strategic
D) managerial
E) executive

Accepted Answer

Ben White's job responsibilities involve day-to-day interactions with customers, inventory management, and addressing customer complaints. These tasks are typical of an operational level manager who is responsible for overseeing and managing the day-to-day operations of a business. Tactical, strategic, managerial, and executive levels of management involve broader responsibilities, such as long-term planning, setting goals, and allocating resources.

Question 8

At the ________ level of an organization,functional managers focus on monitoring and controlling operational-level activities and providing information to higher levels of the organization.
A) managerial
B) executive
C) strategic
D) superficial
E) illusive

Accepted Answer

Functional managers operate at the intermediate level of an organization, between the operational-level employees and higher-level executives. They are responsible for monitoring and controlling day-to-day activities and ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively. They also provide information to higher levels of the organization, such as performance metrics and progress reports. Therefore, the best choice is A) managerial.

Question 9

Which of the following actions is a part of operational planning?
A) making day-to-day decisions that are highly structured and recurring
B) effectively utilizing and deploying organizational resources to achieve strategic objectives
C) focusing on long-term strategic questions facing the organization
D) dealing with complex problems with broad and long-term ramifications for the organization
E) focusing on balancing performance across the organization

Accepted Answer

Operational planning involves making day-to-day decisions that are highly structured and recurring, such as scheduling tasks, assigning responsibilities, and managing resources.

Answer: B
 Effective utilization and deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic objectives is a key component of operational planning. This may include managing budgets, staffing, and technology resources.

Answer: E
 Balancing performance across the organization is an important aspect of operational planning. This includes ensuring that different departments or teams are working together effectively and efficiently to achieve organizational goals.

Choices C and D are not correct as they refer to strategic planning rather than operational planning. Strategic planning involves focusing on long-term strategic questions and dealing with complex problems with broad and long-term ramifications.

Question 10

Managers in the ________ level of an organization are referred to as "executives."
A) operational
B) tactical
C) functional
D) strategic
E) managerial

Accepted Answer

Managers in the strategic level are responsible for setting the overall goals, direction, and strategies of the organization. They are referred to as "executives" and include titles such as CEO, COO, and CFO.

Question 11

At the ________ level of an organization,managers focus on long-term strategic questions facing the organization,such as which products to produce,which countries to compete in,and what organizational strategy to follow.
A) managerial
B) tactical
C) operational
D) executive
E) illusory

Accepted Answer

The executive level of an organization refers to the highest level of management, where executives focus on the overall strategy and direction of the organization, as well as long-term planning and decision-making. This level includes positions such as CEO, CFO, and COO.

Question 12

The managerial level of an organization is also known as the ________ level.
A) functional
B) tactical
C) executive
D) operational
E) strategic

Accepted Answer

The tactical level of management is responsible for implementing the strategies and policies of the organization developed at the executive level. They are also responsible for coordinating and controlling the day-to-day operations of the organization. Therefore, option B is the best choice. The other options are not appropriate because:

A) The functional level is a level of management that is concerned with the management of specific functions or departments within an organization, such as marketing, finance, or operations.

C) The executive level is the highest level of management and is responsible for developing the overall direction of the organization.

D) The operational level is concerned with the routine, day-to-day tasks that are necessary for the organization to function.

E) The strategic level of management is responsible for developing and implementing long-term plans and strategies for the organization.

Question 13

Identify the focus of managers at the tactical level of an organization.
A) deploying organizational resources to achieve the strategic objectives of the organization
B) managing routine, day-to-day business processes and interactions with customers
C) designing long-term strategic questions facing the organization
D) solving complex problems with broad and long-term ramifications for the organization
E) maintaining the efficiency of business processes within the organization

Accepted Answer

Managers at the tactical level focus on deploying organizational resources to achieve the strategic objectives set by higher-level management, bridging the gap between strategic planning and operational execution.

Question 14

________ decisions are referred to as unstructured decisions because the problems are relatively complex and non-routine.
A) Managerial-level
B) Tactical-level
C) Executive-level
D) Operational-level
E) Illusive-level

Accepted Answer

Executive-level decisions are often unstructured because they involve making strategic choices that require a high degree of judgement, creativity, and analysis. These decisions typically involve long-term goals, uncertain outcomes, multiple stakeholders, and considerable risk. Examples include decisions related to mergers and acquisitions, expansion into new markets, investment in new technologies, and major organizational changes. Managerial-level decisions, in contrast, are more structured and involve the day-to-day management and coordination of resources, while operational-level decisions are highly structured and involve routine tasks and processes. Tactical-level decisions are intermediate in nature and involve coordinating resources to achieve specific goals within a given time frame. Illusive-level is not a valid term in the context of decision making.

Question 15

At the ________ level of a firm,the routine,day-to-day business processes and interactions with customers occur.
A) strategic
B) tactical
C) operational
D) managerial
E) executive

Accepted Answer

The operational level of a firm involves the daily operations and processes that directly involve customers and the production of goods or services. This includes tasks such as sales, customer service, and production management. The strategic level is concerned with long-term planning and overall direction of the firm, while the tactical level is focused on implementing specific initiatives or projects. The managerial and executive levels involve overseeing these different levels and making decisions that impact the entire organization.

Question 16

Jane Estroisch works as a manager in a multidomestic firm.She focuses on the long-term questions facing the organization such as which countries to compete in and what organizational policies to follow.Jane is in the ________ level of the organization.
A) operational
B) tactical
C) executive
D) functional
E) managerial

Accepted Answer

Jane is in charge of making long-term decisions for the organization, which puts her at the executive level. The operational level is responsible for day-to-day activities, the tactical level focuses on implementing plans, and the functional level is responsible for specific areas within the organization. The managerial level's main concern is coordinating and directing resources towards achieving strategic goals, which matches Jane's role as a manager making long-term decisions.

Question 17

With respect to decision making in organizations,________ decisions are those in which the procedures to follow for a given situation can be specified in advance.
A) comparative
B) structured
C) unscrupulous
D) asymmetrical
E) disfigured

Accepted Answer

Structured decisions are those in which the procedures to follow for a given situation can be specified in advance. These decisions are routine, repetitive, and have defined procedures and rules that can be followed. For example, approving a vacation request or ordering office supplies are examples of structured decisions that can be easily made by following set rules and procedures.

Question 18

Why are information systems typically used at the operational level?
A) to create a risk information sheet
B) to define all project tasks
C) to identify all business activities
D) to create use cases
E) to increase efficiency

Accepted Answer

Information systems are typically used at the operational level to increase efficiency by automating routine tasks, supporting decision-making, and enhancing communication and collaboration among employees. They are designed to handle large volumes of transactions and data, and are focused on operational processes such as order processing, inventory management, and customer service. While they may contribute to identifying business activities and creating use cases, their primary purpose is to support day-to-day operations and improve operational efficiency. They are not typically used to create risk information sheets or define all project tasks, which are more strategic and project management-related activities.

Question 19

________ decision making in an organization is referred to as semistructured decision making because solutions and problems are not clear-cut and often require judgment and expertise.
A) Illusive-level
B) Operational-level
C) Managerial-level
D) Executive-level
E) Strategic-level

Accepted Answer

The statement refers to decision making that requires judgment and expertise, which is typically associated with managerial-level decisions. Executive-level decisions tend to be more strategic and high-level, while operational-level decisions are more routine and easily structured. Illusive-level is a term that is not commonly used in organizational decision making.

Question 20

Managers at the ________ level include the president and chief executive officer,vice presidents,and possibly the board of directors.
A) functional
B) executive
C) tactical
D) operational
E) illusive

Accepted Answer

The executive level typically includes top-level managers such as the president, CEO, vice presidents, and members of the board of directors who make high-level strategic decisions affecting the entire organization.

Quiz 2: Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Information Systems

A(n) ________ refers to anything that occurs as part of a daily business of which a record must be kept.

________ are a set of activities an organization performs in order to reach their business goals.

________ decisions deal with complex problems with broad and long-term ramifications for an organization.

With respect to organizational decision-making levels,________ decisions can be programmed directly into operational information systems so that they can be made with little or no human intervention.

The executive level of an organization is also known as the ________ level.

With respect to organizational decision-making levels,for ________ decisions,some procedures to follow for a given situation can be specified in advance,but not to the extent where a specific recommendation can be made.

At the ________ level of an organization,functional managers focus on monitoring and controlling operational-level activities and providing information to higher levels of the organization.

Which of the following actions is a part of operational planning?

Managers in the ________ level of an organization are referred to as "executives."

At the ________ level of an organization,managers focus on long-term strategic questions facing the organization,such as which products to produce,which countries to compete in,and what organizational strategy to follow.

The managerial level of an organization is also known as the ________ level.

Identify the focus of managers at the tactical level of an organization.

________ decisions are referred to as unstructured decisions because the problems are relatively complex and non-routine.

At the ________ level of a firm,the routine,day-to-day business processes and interactions with customers occur.

Jane Estroisch works as a manager in a multidomestic firm.She focuses on the long-term questions facing the organization such as which countries to compete in and what organizational policies to follow.Jane is in the ________ level of the organization.

With respect to decision making in organizations,________ decisions are those in which the procedures to follow for a given situation can be specified in advance.

Why are information systems typically used at the operational level?

________ decision making in an organization is referred to as semistructured decision making because solutions and problems are not clear-cut and often require judgment and expertise.

Managers at the ________ level include the president and chief executive officer,vice presidents,and possibly the board of directors.