The act of treating people differently because they belong to some group rather than on merit is identified in the text as:

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Discrimination is the act of treating people differently based on their membership in a particular group, rather than on their individual merit. This can manifest in various forms, such as gender discrimination, racial discrimination, or religious discrimination. Oppression is a broader term that refers to the systemic and institutionalized mistreatment of a group, while prejudice refers to prejudging someone based on their membership in a group, without any basis in fact or experience. Ethnic cleansing specifically refers to the forced removal or extermination of an ethnic group from a particular area.

The Act of Treating People Differently Because They Belong to Some