Question 1

Queer theory emphasizes the idea of a single gay,lesbian,bisexual,heterosexual,or transgender identity.

Accepted Answer

Queer theory challenges the idea of a single fixed identity and instead emphasizes the fluidity and complexity of identity formation, including the potential for multiple and overlapping identities.

Question 2

The "Q" in the acronym LGBTQ stands for "questioning."

Accepted Answer

The "Q" in the acronym LGBTQ stands for "queer" or "questioning".

Question 3

Alfred Kinsey conducted research to determine what percentage of the population was heterosexual and what percentage was homosexual.Why would he have avoided asking the question,"Do you identify as gay or straight?"
A) He tried to offset bias in his research sample by having many questions.
B) He believed that people were not exclusively either gay or straight and that those two binary classifications were too limiting.
C) He believed that people would lie to him and would need to be tricked into revealing that they were gay.
D) He thought that there would be a large number of transgender people in his sample.

Accepted Answer

Kinsey's research showed that sexuality exists on a continuum and that people can fall anywhere along that continuum, rather than being strictly binary categories of gay or straight. Therefore, he likely avoided asking the question of "identify as gay or straight" because it would not capture the full range of human sexuality.

Question 4

In The Feminine Mystique,Betty Friedan wrote
Each suburban wife struggled with it alone.As she made the beds,shopped for groceries,matched slipcover material,ate peanut butter sandwiches with her children,chauffeured Cub Scouts and Brownies,lay beside her husband at night-she was afraid to ask even of herself the silent question-"Is this all?"
What larger social issue does this passage suggest Friedan was worried about?
A) access to education and employment
B) suffrage
C) race and difference
D) homophobia

Accepted Answer

The passage suggests that suburban wives were unsatisfied with their limited roles as homemakers and mothers, indicating a concern about access to education and employment opportunities for women.

Question 5

Men out-earn women at every level of educational attainment.

Accepted Answer

This is a well-documented fact supported by multiple studies and data sources. Despite progress in gender equality, the gender pay gap persists across various occupations and industries, and even among individuals with the same level of education and experience.

Question 6

Misogyny is the fear of or discrimination toward gay,lesbian,and bisexual people.

Accepted Answer

Misogyny is actually the fear of or discrimination toward women, not gay, lesbian, and bisexual people.

Question 7

Gender is biologically natural.

Accepted Answer

Gender is a social construct that refers to roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women, whereas sex is biologically determined.

Question 8

A person's biological sex and gender identity often match,but this is not always the case.

Accepted Answer

While most people's biological sex and gender identity align, there are instances where they don't match, such as in transgender individuals who may identify as a gender different from their assigned sex at birth.

Question 9

Sociologists have criticized scientists searching for a "gay gene" for their narrow understanding of sexual orientation.Scientists' approach does not take into account the way biology and the social environment interact to produce sexual behaviors.Which of the following theorists makes this point?
A) Simon LeVay, who believes that "there's growing evidence to support the idea that biological and developmental factors before birth exert a strong influence on sexual orientation"
B) Dean Hamer, who examined the DNA of forty gay brothers and found that thirty-three of them had a statistically significant similarity in the Xq28 region of the X chromosome
C) Social historian Jeffrey Weeks, who points out that even though homosexual acts have been documented throughout history, homosexual identity as we know it today didn't exist before the twentieth century
D) Laura Allen and Roger Gorski, two scientists at UCLA who reported that a segment of the fibers that connect the brain's hemispheres is up to one-third larger in homosexual men

Accepted Answer

Social historian Jeffrey Weeks emphasizes that sexual orientation is not solely determined by biology, but also influenced by social and cultural factors. He argues that sexual identity as we know it today is a modern construct and did not exist in the same way in the past.

Question 10

A sociological perspective on homophobia would shift the burden of addressing its harmful effects from bisexuals,lesbians,gays,and other gender and sexual minorities to those who react negatively to them.

Accepted Answer

A sociological perspective on homophobia recognizes that the problem is not with the individuals who identify as LGBTQ+ but rather with those who hold prejudiced attitudes and beliefs towards them. This perspective acknowledges that homophobia is a societal issue that needs to be addressed on a larger scale, rather than placing the burden on the marginalized group to "fix" themselves or cater to the dominant group's expectations.

Question 11

In 1848,Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott organized the Seneca Falls Convention to address the issue of equal rights for women.The convention produced a Declaration of Sentiments,which laid out a list of injustices done to women by men.Given your knowledge of the first wave of the women's movement,which of the following do you think was first on their list?
A) "He has taken from her all right in property, even to the wages she earns."
B) "He has created a false public sentiment by giving to the world a different code of morals for men and women, by which moral delinquencies which exclude women from society are not only tolerated, but deemed of little account in man."
C) "He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to the elective franchise."
D) "He has made her, if married, in the eye of the law, civilly dead."

Accepted Answer

The first item on the list of injustices in the Declaration of Sentiments is that women have been denied the right to vote, or the "elective franchise." This was a central issue for the women's movement in the 19th century and a major focus of their activism.

Question 12

The National Organization for Men Against Sexism (NOMAS),a pro-feminist men's group,believes that
Traditional masculinity includes many positive characteristics in which we take pride and find strength,but it also contains qualities that have limited and harmed us.As an organization dedicated to changing men,we care about men and are especially concerned with men's problems,as well as the difficult issues in most men's lives.
Which of the following is a quality or belief associated with traditional masculinity that NOMAS would identify as being harmful to men?
A) a willingness to allow women to be in charge
B) the idea that men are superior to women
C) the idea that men and women are different
D) the idea that men can share their feelings and express vulnerability

Accepted Answer

NOMAS believes that the idea of men being superior to women is harmful and limiting to men.

Question 13

The gender binary is a way of classifying gender that relies only on two distinct and opposite categories.

Accepted Answer

The gender binary categorizes gender into only two distinct and opposite categories, male and female.

Question 14

Authors often use the word "man" to refer to large groups that include both male and female members such as "all mankind." Sociologists and feminists argue that this is an example of the use of sexist language.What does this tell us about the relationship between language and culture?
A) Language is shaped by culture, and the use of nonsexist words is a signal of social change.
B) Language shapes culture, so using gender-neutral language facilitates social change.
C) Language can change culture, but only in negative ways that increase sexism and discrimination.
D) Culture can only be transformed through material and economic change, not through any connection to language.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Authors often use the word "man" to...

Question 15

Gender varies from culture to culture.

Accepted Answer

Gender roles and expectations are shaped by cultural norms and can vary greatly between different societies.

Question 16

The process of socialization tends to emphasize heteronormativity.

Accepted Answer

The process of socialization often reinforces the idea that heterosexuality is the default and normal sexual orientation, which is known as heteronormativity. This can be seen in many aspects of society, including media, family structures, and religious institutions. LGBTQ individuals often face discrimination and marginalization as a result.

Question 17

There are many LGBTQ people who do not support same-sex marriage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are many LGBTQ people who do...

Question 18

Which of the following folk sayings expresses the idea of the "second shift" as sociologist Arlie Hochschild described it?
A) "A wife that does not know how to keep house throws out more with a teaspoon than a man can bring in with a shovel."
B) "Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater."
C) "A woman has to be twice as good as a man to be regarded as half as clever."
D) "Man works from sun to sun, but woman's work is never done."

Accepted Answer

The saying "Man works from sun to sun, but woman's work is never done" expresses the idea that women often have to work two shifts, one at their job and one at home taking care of domestic duties and family responsibilities. This idea is similar to the "second shift" concept coined by sociologist Arlie Hochschild, which refers to the extra workload that women often take on when they return home from their jobs.

Question 19

Why might a third-wave feminist be annoyed with members of the second wave for talking about how women needed access to education and careers,like those available to men,that would give their lives meaning?
A) Second-wave feminists already had pretty good jobs, so they shouldn't have complained.
B) Second-wave feminists hid the differences between women so the concerns of women of color, lesbians, and working-class women tended to be marginalized.
C) Third-wave feminists think that higher education and capitalist jobs are part of the problem and need to be torn down.
D) Second-wave feminists never managed to achieve real success in gaining access to higher education.

Accepted Answer

Third-wave feminists critique the second wave for focusing too much on the experiences of white, middle-class women and leaving out the concerns of women of color, lesbians, and working-class women. They argue that access to education and careers on male-dominated fields may not be the ultimate solution to gender inequality and may even reinforce oppressive systems.

Question 20

Rape culture is unique to college campuses.

Accepted Answer

Rape culture can exist in any society, including college campuses. However, college campuses have received increased attention in recent years due to high-profile cases and a lack of action by some institutions to prevent and address sexual assault.

Quiz 9: Constructing Gender and Sexuality