Question 1

Jack reports being in a wonderful mood. He has been very active at work lately, even working far into the night, as he seems to need only a few hours of sleep at night. He is very talkative and quickly moves from one topic to another, describing a scheme he has for making a fortune in the stock market. Which of the following would you say Jack is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Jack is exhibiting symptoms of a manic episode, including high energy, decreased need for sleep, talkativeness, and grand schemes. This suggests a possible manic episode of bipolar disorder.

Question 2

Vanessa reported feeling a lack of energy, difficulty sleeping, eating less than usual, difficulty concentrating, and a loss of interest in activities she previously enjoyed. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for Vanessa?

Accepted Answer

Vanessa is experiencing several symptoms of major depression, including low energy, appetite and sleep disturbances, decreased concentration, and loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities. While other disorders may also present with some of these symptoms, major depression is the most likely diagnosis based on the information provided.

Question 3

Even though many people in Canada may have depression at some point in their life, the impact on the public health system may not be that bad because

Accepted Answer

Not everyone with depression seeks or requires treatment, which can reduce the overall burden on the public health system.

Question 4

A Canadian epidemiologist stated in 2008 that the lifetime prevalence of depression exceeds _____ and may be as high as _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A Canadian epidemiologist stated in 2008 that...

Question 5

Yatham et al. (2009)have found that more than _____ of bipolar disorders cases experience a recurrence within 12 months.

Accepted Answer

Yatham et al. (2009) found that more than 50% of bipolar disorder cases experience a recurrence within 12 months, highlighting the chronic and relapsing nature of the condition.

Question 6

"Flight of ideas" refers to

Accepted Answer

"Flight of ideas" is a common symptom of mania in which a person rapidly shifts from one topic to another without completing a thought. This is typically seen in individuals with bipolar disorder or other manic episodes.

Question 7

Denise is very excited - she just mailed her first completed manuscript of a novel to a publishing company. To celebrate, she has invited all her friends to join her at an exclusive bar, where she is footing the bill for bottle service. Her friends ask her how much her advance is for the book, and she replies that she doesn't have a contact, let alone a contract - she just knows that her book is going to be a bestseller. When they ask how long it took to write it, she replies "three days." What is Denise most likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Denise is displaying symptoms of a manic episode, such as grandiosity, impulsiveness, and decreased need for sleep. Her belief that her book will be a bestseller without having a contract or advance, and her claim of writing the manuscript in just three days, are both unrealistic and indicative of a manic state.

Question 8

When in the midst of a manic episode, a person may experience:

Accepted Answer

During a manic episode, a person may experience irritability, hostility, or anger. It is a common symptom of bipolar disorder.

Question 9

Major depression is also called

Accepted Answer

Major depression is often referred to as unipolar depression because the person experiences only one extreme mood state (i.e. depression) rather than both depression and elevated or manic moods as seen in bipolar disorder. Dysthymic disorder and cyclothymic disorder are separate mood disorders with different diagnostic criteria than major depression.

Question 10

Iris has been feeling depressed most of the time, for the past three years. She generally feels inadequate, sleeps a great deal, has trouble concentrating, and avoids social contact. The most likely diagnosis for Iris would be:

Accepted Answer

Iris's symptoms suggest a persistent pattern of depression that has lasted for more than two years. This is consistent with the diagnostic criteria for persistent depressive disorder, also known as dysthymia. Bipolar I disorder and hypomania are unlikely because there is no mention of manic or hypomanic episodes. Cyclothymic disorder is also unlikely given the absence of symptoms of non-depressed mood.

Question 11

Which of the following is correct regarding lost work days?

Accepted Answer

According to research, bipolar disorder is associated with more lost work days compared to major depression.

Question 12

Which of the following is a chronic form of depression?

Accepted Answer

Persistent depressive disorder is a chronic and milder form of depression that lasts for at least two years. Unipolar depression and major depression melancholic subtype are also types of depression, but they are not necessarily chronic. Hypomanic disorder is a type of bipolar disorder, which involves periods of hypomania alternating with periods of depression.

Question 13

Lack of awareness of illness in bipolar disorder has been found to be correlated with

Accepted Answer

Lack of awareness of illness in bipolar disorder has been found to be correlated with substance abuse, as individuals may use substances to self-medicate or cope with their symptoms. This can worsen the course of the illness and decrease treatment compliance. Improved prognosis and marital support may be important factors, but they are not specifically linked to lack of awareness of illness.

Question 14

Juan has symptoms of sad mood most of the day most days for 3 weeks, increased sleep, agitation, poor appetite, and concentration difficulties. Julia, on the other hand, has symptoms of loss of interest in activities, lethargy, increased appetite, feelings of worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of death. What can be concluded regarding Juan and Julia?

Accepted Answer

Both Juan and Julia exhibit symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of major depression. However, their specific symptoms may indicate different subtypes or presentations of the disorder. Juan's symptoms suggest a more agitated or anxious form of depression, whereas Julia's symptoms suggest a more typical form of depression marked by lethargy and feelings of worthlessness. It is unclear whether they both have major depression of the same severity, or whether they have qualitatively different subtypes of the disorder. There is no evidence to suggest that Juan has mania or that they both have bipolar disorder.

Question 15

The gender difference in depression is found

Accepted Answer

Gender differences in depression have been observed globally, with women typically experiencing higher rates of depression than men. This pattern is consistent across various cultures and countries, not limited to specific regions like Canada or the United States.

Question 16

Who is most likely to suffer from major depression?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is most likely to suffer from...

Question 17

The most recent Canadian data show a lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder of about:

Accepted Answer

The most recent Canadian data show a lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder to be around 11%.

Question 18

Three large-scale American studies revealed the lifetime prevalence rates for depression ranged from _____ to _____.

Accepted Answer

According to the information given, the lifetime prevalence rates for depression ranged from 5.2% to 17.1%. Option B is the only one that includes these values as the answer.

Question 19

When diagnosing a manic episode using DSM-5 criteria, differentiating between elevated and irritable mood becomes important because:

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 specifies that for a manic episode diagnosis, if the mood is irritable rather than elevated or expansive, additional symptoms are required for the diagnosis, thus changing the number of symptoms needed to meet the criteria.

Question 20

Which of the following is a new diagnosis in DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is a new diagnosis in DSM-5, which refers to persistent irritability and frequent episodes of extreme temper outbursts in children ages 6-18.

Quiz 8: Mood Disorders and Suicide