A disorder characterized by significantly below-average intellectual functioning and impaired adaptive functioning is called an:

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An intellectual disability, also known as intellectual developmental disorder or previously known as mental retardation, is characterized by significantly below-average intellectual functioning and impaired adaptive functioning. It can affect a person's communication, social skills, self-care, and academic abilities. It is diagnosed when an individual's IQ is below 70-75 and is accompanied by functional limitations in at least two areas of adaptive behavior.

A Disorder Characterized by Significantly Below-Average Intellectual Functioning and Impaired