Question 1

Predictive validity is a subtype of __________ validity.

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the ability of a measure to predict future outcomes based on the scores obtained from that measure. Criterion-related validity is concerned with the relationship between scores on a measure and a criterion measure or outcome. Therefore, predictive validity is a subtype of criterion-related validity. Concurrent validity involves the correlation between scores on a measure and a criterion measure taken at the same time. Discriminant validity is the degree to which a measure does not correlate with other measures it is not supposed to correlate with. Content validity refers to the extent to which a measure assesses the construct or domain it is intended to measure.

Question 2

Research on interviewing suggests that

Accepted Answer

Research on interviewing suggests that the interviewer's theoretical orientation and the match or mismatch between interviewer and interviewee in terms of age, gender, or race do indeed influence the course of the interview.

Question 3

Explain why kappa estimates of interrater reliability are smaller than the percentage of time that clinicians arrive at the same conclusion.What range of kappa value is considered to reflect excellent interrater agreement?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

How should interviewers handle the issues of note-taking,audio recording,and video recording?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How should interviewers handle the issues of...

Question 5

__________ validity is the extent to which an interview does not correlate with measures that are not theoretically related to the construct that the interview attempts to measure.

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the described validity is "discriminant validity," which is not listed among the options provided. Discriminant validity is the extent to which a measure does not correlate with other measures that it theoretically should not correlate with.

Question 6

Briefly compare and contrast intake-admission,case-history,mental status examination,crisis,and diagnostic interviews.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly compare and contrast intake-admission,case-history,mental status examination,crisis,and...

Question 7

What is the role of rapport in interviewing,and how can interviewers enhance rapport?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

How is a clinical interview similar to and different from ordinary conversation? Psychological tests?

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

A clinical psychologist develops a clinical interview to assess for the presence of alcohol abuse and dependence.In evaluating the interview,the psychologist conducts a study that compares people's current scores on this interview with their current scores on a well-established paper-and-pencil measure of alcohol abuse and dependence.What kind of validity does this study appear to be assessing?

Accepted Answer

The study is comparing the current scores of the clinical interview with current scores of a well-established measure of alcohol abuse and dependence. Since both measures are being administered at the same time, this study is assessing concurrent validity, which refers to the extent to which two measures of the same construct are correlated with each other at the same point in time. Content validity refers to the extent to which a measure assesses all aspects of a specific construct. Predictive validity refers to the extent to which the measure predicts future outcomes, and discriminant validity refers to the extent to which the measure distinguishes between the construct of interest and other constructs.

Question 10

Dr.Kanakis develops a brief structured interview to assess for the various eating disorders.To evaluate the interview,Dr.Kanakis sets up a study where one graduate student interviews an introductory psychology student while another is observing the interview behind a one-way mirror.Both graduate students score the interview.They repeat this process for 25 students,and then their scores are compared to observe the extent to which they agree on the presence or absence of each diagnosis.What,specifically,is being assessed in this study?

Accepted Answer

This study is assessing interrater reliability, which measures the consistency of the scores given by two different raters (the two graduate students) when evaluating the same interview. The study is not assessing concurrent validity, which measures how well the interview scores correlate with scores from another established measure of eating disorders. It is also not assessing interrater validity, as validity refers to whether the test measures what it is supposed to measure, and not how consistently different raters score it.

Question 11

Discuss the different types of reliability that apply to interviews.How is each measured?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

In general,a kappa value __________ is considered to reflect excellent interrater agreement beyond chance.

Accepted Answer

A kappa value between .75 and 1.00 is considered to reflect excellent interrater agreement beyond chance. This means that the agreement between raters is very high and not due to chance. A kappa value greater than 0 indicates that there is some agreement between raters, but it may not be beyond chance. A kappa value between -.25 and .25 indicates poor to fair agreement, while a kappa value greater than 100 is not a possible range for kappa values.

Question 13

An interview designed to measure depression includes questions about cognitive and emotional aspects,but no questions about somatic aspects (weight changes,sleep disturbance,etc.).This interview clearly has imperfect __________ validity.

Accepted Answer

Content validity refers to the extent to which a measure covers all aspects of the construct it's designed to measure. In this case, the interview is missing questions about somatic symptoms, which are a common aspect of depression, indicating poor content validity. Predictive validity refers to the extent to which a measure can predict future outcomes, concurrent validity refers to the degree to which a measure relates to a criterion measure at the same time, and discriminant validity refers to the degree to which a measure does not correlate with measures of unrelated constructs.

Question 14

Identify and briefly describe three ways that a clinician might enhance his or her own "gender awareness."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and briefly describe three ways that...

Question 15

__________ validity is the degree to which the interview items adequately measure the various aspects of the variable or construct.

Accepted Answer

Content validity refers to how well a test or tool covers the range of material or construct it is supposed to measure. In the context of interviews, it means ensuring that the interview questions adequately cover all aspects of the construct or variable being assessed.

Question 16

Briefly compare and contrast the following types of interview questions: open-ended,facilitative,clarifying,confronting,and direct.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Explain why it is so difficult to validate a structured diagnostic interview.What is required for us to feel confident about the validity of such interviews?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

An interview designed to measure panic disorder correlates positively with several measures of psychoticism.This suggests that the interview has __________ validity.

Accepted Answer

The positive correlation with measures of psychoticism suggests the interview does not effectively distinguish between panic disorder and psychoticism, indicating poor discriminant validity.

Question 19

Test-retest reliability is expected to be high when

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability is expected to be high when assessing long-standing personality traits because these traits are stable over time, unlike temporary syndromes which may change.

Question 20

Briefly describe the ideal physical environment for a clinical interview.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 6: The Assessment Interview