Question 1

The medical word for farsightedness is:

Accepted Answer

Farsightedness is also known as hyperopia. Myopia is nearsightedness, strabismus is a condition where the eyes are not properly aligned and nystagmus is an involuntary movement of the eyes.

Question 2

Which is the medical word that includes the retina?

Accepted Answer

The fundus is the part of the eye that includes the retina, along with other structures such as the optic disc and macula.

Question 3

Which medical procedure is used to test the extraocular muscles?

Accepted Answer

The gaze test is the medical procedure used to test the extraocular muscles. This test evaluates the six muscles that control eye movement by having the patient move their eyes in various directions while the healthcare provider observes for any abnormalities or weakness in muscle function. The other tests listed (visual acuity, visual field, and pupillary response) do not specifically test the extraocular muscles.

Question 4

A patient is admitted to the emergency room after being involved in a car accident.The patient hit his head on the steering wheel causing extensive damage.The surgeon diagnosed a fractured orbit,among other injuries.What is the orbit?

Accepted Answer

The orbit is a bony socket in the cranium where the eyeball is situated. A fracture of the orbit can occur due to trauma or injury to the head, leading to damage of the bony structure surrounding the eye.

Question 5

What is xerophthalmia?

Accepted Answer

Xerophthalmia is a condition where there is insufficient production of tears, leading to dryness, discomfort, and potential damage to the eye.

Question 6

The abbreviation IOL means :

Accepted Answer

IOL stands for intraocular lens, which is a synthetic replacement for the natural lens of the eye that is removed during cataract surgery. None of the other options accurately describe what an IOL is.

Question 7

Retinopathy often occurs in patients with what uncontrolled disease?

Accepted Answer

Retinopathy is a common complication in patients with uncontrolled diabetes. High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems and even blindness if left untreated. Atherosclerosis, stroke, and cardiac insufficiency may also damage blood vessels, but they are not typically associated with retinopathy.

Question 8

The ____________ gland produces and releases tears.

Accepted Answer

The lacrimal gland is responsible for producing and releasing tears.

Question 9

The medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the eye,and uses diagnostic tests,medical and surgical procedures,and drugs to treat eye diseases is

Accepted Answer

A)This word is misspelled.
B)Correct! Ophthalm/o- means "eye" and -logy means "the study of."
C)Optometry is not a medical specialty.
D)This is not a medical word.

Question 10

The structure of the eye that contains the color of the eye is the:

Accepted Answer

The iris is a circular muscle that controls the size of the pupil and gives the eye its color. The lens is responsible for focusing light onto the retina, the optic chiasm is a structure where the optic nerves cross and the orbit is the bony socket that houses the eye.

Question 11

A condition which causes pronounced outward bulging of the anterior surface of the eye is called:

Accepted Answer

Exophthalmos, also known as proptosis, is a condition where there is abnormal protrusion or bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. This can be caused by various conditions such as Graves' disease, orbital tumors or infections, and trauma. Scleral icterus is a yellowing of the sclera due to liver disease or hemolysis, anisocoria is unequal pupil size, and hyphema is bleeding in the anterior chamber of the eye.

Question 12

Inflammation or infection of the eyelid with redness,crusts,and scales at the bases of the eyelashes is called:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are classic for blepharitis, which is inflammation or infection of the eyelid, typically at the bases of the eyelashes. Blepharoptosis refers to drooping or sagging of the eyelid. Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids). Dacryocystitis is inflammation or infection of the tear sac.

Question 13

The small area between the cornea and the surface of the iris through which the aqueous humor circulates is called the:

Accepted Answer

The small area between the cornea and the surface of the iris through which the aqueous humor circulates is called the anterior chamber.

Question 14

Yellow coloration of the conjunctivae which makes the sclerae also appear yellow is called:

Accepted Answer

Yellow coloration of the conjunctivae which makes the sclerae also appear yellow is called scleral icterus, indicating an increase in serum bilirubin levels, commonly seen in liver disease or hemolysis. Color blindness refers to the inability to distinguish certain colors, glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that can lead to blindness and photophobia is a condition where the eyes are overly sensitive to light.

Question 15

Which oil glands are located at the edges of the eyelids?

Accepted Answer

The oil (sebaceous) glands are located at the edges of the eyelids and help to lubricate and protect the eyes. Sweat glands are not present in this area, while lacrimal glands and nasolacrimal glands are located elsewhere in the eye and are responsible for producing tears and draining them into the nose, respectively.

Question 16

The combining form orbit/o- means :

Accepted Answer

The combining form orbit/o- specifically refers to the eye socket, which is the bony cavity that holds the eyeball.

Question 17

Which condition occurs in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to damage of the blood vessels in the retina, which can cause a condition called diabetic retinopathy. It is a common complication in diabetic patients and can cause vision loss or even blindness if left untreated. Color blindness (A), aphakia (B), and macular degeneration (D) are not specifically associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

Question 18

The combining form scot/o- in the medical word scotoma means :

Accepted Answer

The combining form scot/o- means darkness or dimness. Therefore, the correct answer is A) darkness.

Question 19

What is the medical word for the lateral deviation of the eye known as wall-eyed?

Accepted Answer

Exotropia is the medical term for wall-eyed, which is a condition where one or both eyes deviate outwardly. Esotropia, on the other hand, is a condition where the eyes deviate inwardly. Blindness and myopia are not related to the lateral deviation of the eyes.

Question 20

Clouding of the lens is called:

Accepted Answer

Clouding of the lens is called cataract.

Quiz 15: Ophthamology - Eyes