Question 1

The nurse is caring for a family with four children whose third child has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which statement made by the mother suggests that the family may have difficulty coping with this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)The mother's comments about how to tell the family and manage the other children suggest that the family may have difficulty adjusting to the child's diagnosis. This family will likely need assistance with coping with the child and continuing on with life. Alerting the teachers at school is a positive action and a way to protect the child. Decisions about participating in the school play should be discussed with the child's teachers, but the mother's statement does not suggest poor coping. Asking about the child's health in the future is reasonable at this time.
B)The mother's comments about how to tell the family and manage the other children suggest that the family may have difficulty adjusting to the child's diagnosis. This family will likely need assistance with coping with the child and continuing on with life. Alerting the teachers at school is a positive action and a way to protect the child. Decisions about participating in the school play should be discussed with the child's teachers, but the mother's statement does not suggest poor coping. Asking about the child's health in the future is reasonable at this time.
C)The mother's comments about how to tell the family and manage the other children suggest that the family may have difficulty adjusting to the child's diagnosis. This family will likely need assistance with coping with the child and continuing on with life. Alerting the teachers at school is a positive action and a way to protect the child. Decisions about participating in the school play should be discussed with the child's teachers, but the mother's statement does not suggest poor coping. Asking about the child's health in the future is reasonable at this time.
D)The mother's comments about how to tell the family and manage the other children suggest that the family may have difficulty adjusting to the child's diagnosis. This family will likely need assistance with coping with the child and continuing on with life. Alerting the teachers at school is a positive action and a way to protect the child. Decisions about participating in the school play should be discussed with the child's teachers, but the mother's statement does not suggest poor coping. Asking about the child's health in the future is reasonable at this time.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a young school-age child who was recently diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which statement by the child's mother requires follow up teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)This child should do homework in a quiet environment, away from distractions. Giving ADHD medication with meals will help counteract the anorexia associated with this medication. Maintaining the same daily routine helps the child know expectations, and a nighttime routine helps counteract insomnia. Children with ADHD should be screened regularly for height and weight to monitor growth.
B)This child should do homework in a quiet environment, away from distractions. Giving ADHD medication with meals will help counteract the anorexia associated with this medication. Maintaining the same daily routine helps the child know expectations, and a nighttime routine helps counteract insomnia. Children with ADHD should be screened regularly for height and weight to monitor growth.
C)This child should do homework in a quiet environment, away from distractions. Giving ADHD medication with meals will help counteract the anorexia associated with this medication. Maintaining the same daily routine helps the child know expectations, and a nighttime routine helps counteract insomnia. Children with ADHD should be screened regularly for height and weight to monitor growth.
D)This child should do homework in a quiet environment, away from distractions. Giving ADHD medication with meals will help counteract the anorexia associated with this medication. Maintaining the same daily routine helps the child know expectations, and a nighttime routine helps counteract insomnia. Children with ADHD should be screened regularly for height and weight to monitor growth.

Question 3

The school nurse is talking to a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)who wants to play soccer. Which action is most appropriate for the school nurse to take?

Accepted Answer

A)The child should be encouraged to play soccer. Participation in a team sport will assist the child with ADHD to expend some energy while cooperating with others and following game rules. Participating in a team sport can help promote self-esteem in the child with ADHD and encourage connectedness with other children. There is no reason for a child with ADHD not to play sports. The mother would not need physician approval for her son to play soccer. Vigorous physical activity is encouraged for all children with ADHD. Some of the benefits of participating in a team sport would not be available with individual sports.
B)The child should be encouraged to play soccer. Participation in a team sport will assist the child with ADHD to expend some energy while cooperating with others and following game rules. Participating in a team sport can help promote self-esteem in the child with ADHD and encourage connectedness with other children. There is no reason for a child with ADHD not to play sports. The mother would not need physician approval for her son to play soccer. Vigorous physical activity is encouraged for all children with ADHD. Some of the benefits of participating in a team sport would not be available with individual sports.
C)The child should be encouraged to play soccer. Participation in a team sport will assist the child with ADHD to expend some energy while cooperating with others and following game rules. Participating in a team sport can help promote self-esteem in the child with ADHD and encourage connectedness with other children. There is no reason for a child with ADHD not to play sports. The mother would not need physician approval for her son to play soccer. Vigorous physical activity is encouraged for all children with ADHD. Some of the benefits of participating in a team sport would not be available with individual sports.
D)The child should be encouraged to play soccer. Participation in a team sport will assist the child with ADHD to expend some energy while cooperating with others and following game rules. Participating in a team sport can help promote self-esteem in the child with ADHD and encourage connectedness with other children. There is no reason for a child with ADHD not to play sports. The mother would not need physician approval for her son to play soccer. Vigorous physical activity is encouraged for all children with ADHD. Some of the benefits of participating in a team sport would not be available with individual sports.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a school-age client who is scheduled to have a tonsillectomy the next day. The nurse has planned a preoperative teaching session for the child, who has a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which teaching technique is most appropriate for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)A teaching session for a child with ADHD should foster attention. Giving instructions verbally and in written form, repeating the main points, will improve learning for a child with ADHD. Talking to other children who have had this procedure may not foster understanding, because this child has ADHD. The nurse, not the client, should lead the teaching session to make sure it progresses appropriately and covers all necessary information. A video is not appropriate for this client because it may foster distraction, and also because it does not permit the client to ask questions until the program has concluded. Given this client's history of ADHD, it is unlikely that he or she will remember all such questions until the end of the video.
B)A teaching session for a child with ADHD should foster attention. Giving instructions verbally and in written form, repeating the main points, will improve learning for a child with ADHD. Talking to other children who have had this procedure may not foster understanding, because this child has ADHD. The nurse, not the client, should lead the teaching session to make sure it progresses appropriately and covers all necessary information. A video is not appropriate for this client because it may foster distraction, and also because it does not permit the client to ask questions until the program has concluded. Given this client's history of ADHD, it is unlikely that he or she will remember all such questions until the end of the video.
C)A teaching session for a child with ADHD should foster attention. Giving instructions verbally and in written form, repeating the main points, will improve learning for a child with ADHD. Talking to other children who have had this procedure may not foster understanding, because this child has ADHD. The nurse, not the client, should lead the teaching session to make sure it progresses appropriately and covers all necessary information. A video is not appropriate for this client because it may foster distraction, and also because it does not permit the client to ask questions until the program has concluded. Given this client's history of ADHD, it is unlikely that he or she will remember all such questions until the end of the video.
D)A teaching session for a child with ADHD should foster attention. Giving instructions verbally and in written form, repeating the main points, will improve learning for a child with ADHD. Talking to other children who have had this procedure may not foster understanding, because this child has ADHD. The nurse, not the client, should lead the teaching session to make sure it progresses appropriately and covers all necessary information. A video is not appropriate for this client because it may foster distraction, and also because it does not permit the client to ask questions until the program has concluded. Given this client's history of ADHD, it is unlikely that he or she will remember all such questions until the end of the video.

Question 5

What activity should the nurse implement for a 6-month-old client with gross motor delays?

Accepted Answer

A)The infant at 6 months should have head control and is working on sitting without support. Pulling the child to a sitting position allows the neck muscles to support the head. Propping the child in a sitting position helps to develop self-righting behaviors. It is too early to worry about standing. Talking to the child promotes language development, not gross motor development. Handling a rattle is a fine motor behavior, not a gross motor behavior.
B)The infant at 6 months should have head control and is working on sitting without support. Pulling the child to a sitting position allows the neck muscles to support the head. Propping the child in a sitting position helps to develop self-righting behaviors. It is too early to worry about standing. Talking to the child promotes language development, not gross motor development. Handling a rattle is a fine motor behavior, not a gross motor behavior.
C)The infant at 6 months should have head control and is working on sitting without support. Pulling the child to a sitting position allows the neck muscles to support the head. Propping the child in a sitting position helps to develop self-righting behaviors. It is too early to worry about standing. Talking to the child promotes language development, not gross motor development. Handling a rattle is a fine motor behavior, not a gross motor behavior.
D)The infant at 6 months should have head control and is working on sitting without support. Pulling the child to a sitting position allows the neck muscles to support the head. Propping the child in a sitting position helps to develop self-righting behaviors. It is too early to worry about standing. Talking to the child promotes language development, not gross motor development. Handling a rattle is a fine motor behavior, not a gross motor behavior.

Question 6

The nurse is assessing a 20-month-old and learns that he is unable to stand alone. Which aspect of development does the nurse identify as altered?

Accepted Answer

A)Development is an increase in the complexity of function and skill progression, the capacity of an individual to adapt to the environment. It includes changes in a person's cognitive, psychosocial, and gross and fine motor skills. In this case, the child's inability to stand is indicative of a delay in motor development. Growth refers to physical change and increase in size; it does not entail changes in skills and abilities. Height is one indicator of growth. Behavior is a component of each developmental stage and can sometimes indicate that development has taken place, but its absence does not mean that development has not occurred.
B)Development is an increase in the complexity of function and skill progression, the capacity of an individual to adapt to the environment. It includes changes in a person's cognitive, psychosocial, and gross and fine motor skills. In this case, the child's inability to stand is indicative of a delay in motor development. Growth refers to physical change and increase in size; it does not entail changes in skills and abilities. Height is one indicator of growth. Behavior is a component of each developmental stage and can sometimes indicate that development has taken place, but its absence does not mean that development has not occurred.
C)Development is an increase in the complexity of function and skill progression, the capacity of an individual to adapt to the environment. It includes changes in a person's cognitive, psychosocial, and gross and fine motor skills. In this case, the child's inability to stand is indicative of a delay in motor development. Growth refers to physical change and increase in size; it does not entail changes in skills and abilities. Height is one indicator of growth. Behavior is a component of each developmental stage and can sometimes indicate that development has taken place, but its absence does not mean that development has not occurred.
D)Development is an increase in the complexity of function and skill progression, the capacity of an individual to adapt to the environment. It includes changes in a person's cognitive, psychosocial, and gross and fine motor skills. In this case, the child's inability to stand is indicative of a delay in motor development. Growth refers to physical change and increase in size; it does not entail changes in skills and abilities. Height is one indicator of growth. Behavior is a component of each developmental stage and can sometimes indicate that development has taken place, but its absence does not mean that development has not occurred.

Question 7

A community nurse is planning an educational program supports the developmental tasks of adults ages 50 to 60. According to Gould's theory, which task should be emphasized?

Accepted Answer

A)According to Gould, the seventh stage of adult development is experienced by individuals ages 50-60 and is a period of transformation. Gould's theory states that personalities are set at ages 43-50, in stage 6. Adjusting to decreasing physical capacities is a part of Peck's theory, and self-reflection occurs in stage 5 of Gould's theory, during the ages 35-43.
B)According to Gould, the seventh stage of adult development is experienced by individuals ages 50-60 and is a period of transformation. Gould's theory states that personalities are set at ages 43-50, in stage 6. Adjusting to decreasing physical capacities is a part of Peck's theory, and self-reflection occurs in stage 5 of Gould's theory, during the ages 35-43.
C)According to Gould, the seventh stage of adult development is experienced by individuals ages 50-60 and is a period of transformation. Gould's theory states that personalities are set at ages 43-50, in stage 6. Adjusting to decreasing physical capacities is a part of Peck's theory, and self-reflection occurs in stage 5 of Gould's theory, during the ages 35-43.
D)According to Gould, the seventh stage of adult development is experienced by individuals ages 50-60 and is a period of transformation. Gould's theory states that personalities are set at ages 43-50, in stage 6. Adjusting to decreasing physical capacities is a part of Peck's theory, and self-reflection occurs in stage 5 of Gould's theory, during the ages 35-43.

Question 8

Which activities should the nurse emphasize when teaching parents about how to foster development in preschool-aged children?

Accepted Answer

A)Preschool-aged children should be given activities that focus on make-believe and pretend opportunities. Gross motor activities are also important, but children this age prefer activities such as swinging, riding a tricycle, and throwing a ball to organized sports. School-age children are motivated by activities that provide a sense of worth. They concentrate on mastering skills that will help them function in the adult world. Understanding diversity, role preference, and performance is the task of the adolescent.
B)Preschool-aged children should be given activities that focus on make-believe and pretend opportunities. Gross motor activities are also important, but children this age prefer activities such as swinging, riding a tricycle, and throwing a ball to organized sports. School-age children are motivated by activities that provide a sense of worth. They concentrate on mastering skills that will help them function in the adult world. Understanding diversity, role preference, and performance is the task of the adolescent.
C)Preschool-aged children should be given activities that focus on make-believe and pretend opportunities. Gross motor activities are also important, but children this age prefer activities such as swinging, riding a tricycle, and throwing a ball to organized sports. School-age children are motivated by activities that provide a sense of worth. They concentrate on mastering skills that will help them function in the adult world. Understanding diversity, role preference, and performance is the task of the adolescent.
D)Preschool-aged children should be given activities that focus on make-believe and pretend opportunities. Gross motor activities are also important, but children this age prefer activities such as swinging, riding a tricycle, and throwing a ball to organized sports. School-age children are motivated by activities that provide a sense of worth. They concentrate on mastering skills that will help them function in the adult world. Understanding diversity, role preference, and performance is the task of the adolescent.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for an adolescent with a chronic illness who suddenly becomes noncompliant with the medication regimen. Which intervention should the nurse choose to help improve medication compliance for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)Providing the adolescent with positive role models from his or her peer group is the intervention most likely to improve compliance. Interest in games might begin to wane at this age. Adult opinions, even from a physician, could be viewed negatively and challenged. Threatening punishment could further incite rebellion.
B)Providing the adolescent with positive role models from his or her peer group is the intervention most likely to improve compliance. Interest in games might begin to wane at this age. Adult opinions, even from a physician, could be viewed negatively and challenged. Threatening punishment could further incite rebellion.
C)Providing the adolescent with positive role models from his or her peer group is the intervention most likely to improve compliance. Interest in games might begin to wane at this age. Adult opinions, even from a physician, could be viewed negatively and challenged. Threatening punishment could further incite rebellion.
D)Providing the adolescent with positive role models from his or her peer group is the intervention most likely to improve compliance. Interest in games might begin to wane at this age. Adult opinions, even from a physician, could be viewed negatively and challenged. Threatening punishment could further incite rebellion.

Question 10

The nurse is conducting a psychoeducation group with male and female clients. The nurse observes what appear to be differences in moral perspectives between the men and women. Which observation is most consistent with Gilligan's theory of moral development?

Accepted Answer

A)According to Gilligan, men tend to consider what is right to be what is just, whereas for women what is right is taking responsibility for others as a self-chosen decision. The ethic of justice, or fairness, is based on the idea of equality: Everyone should receive the same treatment. This is the development path usually followed by men and widely accepted by moral theorists. By contrast, the ethic of care is based on the premise of nonviolence: No one should be harmed. This is the path typically followed by women.
B)According to Gilligan, men tend to consider what is right to be what is just, whereas for women what is right is taking responsibility for others as a self-chosen decision. The ethic of justice, or fairness, is based on the idea of equality: Everyone should receive the same treatment. This is the development path usually followed by men and widely accepted by moral theorists. By contrast, the ethic of care is based on the premise of nonviolence: No one should be harmed. This is the path typically followed by women.
C)According to Gilligan, men tend to consider what is right to be what is just, whereas for women what is right is taking responsibility for others as a self-chosen decision. The ethic of justice, or fairness, is based on the idea of equality: Everyone should receive the same treatment. This is the development path usually followed by men and widely accepted by moral theorists. By contrast, the ethic of care is based on the premise of nonviolence: No one should be harmed. This is the path typically followed by women.
D)According to Gilligan, men tend to consider what is right to be what is just, whereas for women what is right is taking responsibility for others as a self-chosen decision. The ethic of justice, or fairness, is based on the idea of equality: Everyone should receive the same treatment. This is the development path usually followed by men and widely accepted by moral theorists. By contrast, the ethic of care is based on the premise of nonviolence: No one should be harmed. This is the path typically followed by women.

Question 11

The nurse notes that an infant does not seem to respond to noises in the environment and has difficulty following the movement of toys. Which diagnostic tools does the nurse anticipate will be used to further assess this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)The child is not responding to environmental noise and is having difficulty tracking the movement of toys. The two tests that should be considered for this child are vision and hearing testing. There is not enough evidence to support that the child would need a CT scan of the brain, abdominal x-rays, or nerve conduction studies.
B)The child is not responding to environmental noise and is having difficulty tracking the movement of toys. The two tests that should be considered for this child are vision and hearing testing. There is not enough evidence to support that the child would need a CT scan of the brain, abdominal x-rays, or nerve conduction studies.
C)The child is not responding to environmental noise and is having difficulty tracking the movement of toys. The two tests that should be considered for this child are vision and hearing testing. There is not enough evidence to support that the child would need a CT scan of the brain, abdominal x-rays, or nerve conduction studies.
D)The child is not responding to environmental noise and is having difficulty tracking the movement of toys. The two tests that should be considered for this child are vision and hearing testing. There is not enough evidence to support that the child would need a CT scan of the brain, abdominal x-rays, or nerve conduction studies.
E)The child is not responding to environmental noise and is having difficulty tracking the movement of toys. The two tests that should be considered for this child are vision and hearing testing. There is not enough evidence to support that the child would need a CT scan of the brain, abdominal x-rays, or nerve conduction studies.

Question 12

According to Bandura's social learning theory, which of the following should the nurse advise the parent of a preschool-aged child to do in order to help the child become independent in activities of daily living?

Accepted Answer

A)According to Bandura, children imitate the behavior they see; if the behavior is positively reinforced they tend to repeat it. Negative reinforcement like punishment is not part of Bandura's theory; it is more closely aligned with Skinner's behaviorist theory. Refusing assistance to the child does not align with Bandura's belief in the need for modeling. The concrete operational phase is part of Piaget's theory and not Bandura's.
B)According to Bandura, children imitate the behavior they see; if the behavior is positively reinforced they tend to repeat it. Negative reinforcement like punishment is not part of Bandura's theory; it is more closely aligned with Skinner's behaviorist theory. Refusing assistance to the child does not align with Bandura's belief in the need for modeling. The concrete operational phase is part of Piaget's theory and not Bandura's.
C)According to Bandura, children imitate the behavior they see; if the behavior is positively reinforced they tend to repeat it. Negative reinforcement like punishment is not part of Bandura's theory; it is more closely aligned with Skinner's behaviorist theory. Refusing assistance to the child does not align with Bandura's belief in the need for modeling. The concrete operational phase is part of Piaget's theory and not Bandura's.
D)According to Bandura, children imitate the behavior they see; if the behavior is positively reinforced they tend to repeat it. Negative reinforcement like punishment is not part of Bandura's theory; it is more closely aligned with Skinner's behaviorist theory. Refusing assistance to the child does not align with Bandura's belief in the need for modeling. The concrete operational phase is part of Piaget's theory and not Bandura's.

Question 13

The school nurse cares for students with physical challenges and suspects that the needs for physical safety are not being adequately met for several students in the home environment. Which of the following assessment findings support the nurse's concern? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Wearing the same clothes to school several days of the week and eating leftovers for lunch could be an indication of the family's financial status. Evidence that physical safety needs are not being adequately met would include the formation of contractures, which limits arm range of motion; scrapes on knees after falling from a bicycle, indicating the lack of safety or protective equipment for the head and extremities; and hand burns obtained from touching a hot stove, which could mean the child was not attended in the kitchen at home.
B)Wearing the same clothes to school several days of the week and eating leftovers for lunch could be an indication of the family's financial status. Evidence that physical safety needs are not being adequately met would include the formation of contractures, which limits arm range of motion; scrapes on knees after falling from a bicycle, indicating the lack of safety or protective equipment for the head and extremities; and hand burns obtained from touching a hot stove, which could mean the child was not attended in the kitchen at home.
C)Wearing the same clothes to school several days of the week and eating leftovers for lunch could be an indication of the family's financial status. Evidence that physical safety needs are not being adequately met would include the formation of contractures, which limits arm range of motion; scrapes on knees after falling from a bicycle, indicating the lack of safety or protective equipment for the head and extremities; and hand burns obtained from touching a hot stove, which could mean the child was not attended in the kitchen at home.
D)Wearing the same clothes to school several days of the week and eating leftovers for lunch could be an indication of the family's financial status. Evidence that physical safety needs are not being adequately met would include the formation of contractures, which limits arm range of motion; scrapes on knees after falling from a bicycle, indicating the lack of safety or protective equipment for the head and extremities; and hand burns obtained from touching a hot stove, which could mean the child was not attended in the kitchen at home.
E)Wearing the same clothes to school several days of the week and eating leftovers for lunch could be an indication of the family's financial status. Evidence that physical safety needs are not being adequately met would include the formation of contractures, which limits arm range of motion; scrapes on knees after falling from a bicycle, indicating the lack of safety or protective equipment for the head and extremities; and hand burns obtained from touching a hot stove, which could mean the child was not attended in the kitchen at home.

Question 14

A 6-month-old is in the clinic for a well-child visit. As part of the visit, the nurse will assess his development using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). Which will the nurse rely on to make her assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)The ASQ relies on parental reports to assess the child's communication and motor skills, social skills, and problem-solving ability. The Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test (BTDIST)uses both observation and parental reports to assess a variety of areas. Tests specifically described in this chapter do not include those based solely on observation or childcare provider reports.
B)The ASQ relies on parental reports to assess the child's communication and motor skills, social skills, and problem-solving ability. The Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test (BTDIST)uses both observation and parental reports to assess a variety of areas. Tests specifically described in this chapter do not include those based solely on observation or childcare provider reports.
C)The ASQ relies on parental reports to assess the child's communication and motor skills, social skills, and problem-solving ability. The Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test (BTDIST)uses both observation and parental reports to assess a variety of areas. Tests specifically described in this chapter do not include those based solely on observation or childcare provider reports.
D)The ASQ relies on parental reports to assess the child's communication and motor skills, social skills, and problem-solving ability. The Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test (BTDIST)uses both observation and parental reports to assess a variety of areas. Tests specifically described in this chapter do not include those based solely on observation or childcare provider reports.

Question 15

The nurse is performing developmental assessments on several children in a pediatric clinic setting. The nurse should recognize that which child is exhibiting a delay in meeting the expected developmental milestones? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)A 5-year-old should be able to button his shirt. A 6-year-old should be able to sit still for a short story; this is a task that children between 3 and 5 years old are typically able to do. A child who cannot cut with scissors by kindergarten age is considered developmentally delayed, but a 2-year-old is not expected to be able to do this. A 2-year-old is not expected to be able to recite a phone number. A 3-year-old is usually able to speak in sentences.
B)A 5-year-old should be able to button his shirt. A 6-year-old should be able to sit still for a short story; this is a task that children between 3 and 5 years old are typically able to do. A child who cannot cut with scissors by kindergarten age is considered developmentally delayed, but a 2-year-old is not expected to be able to do this. A 2-year-old is not expected to be able to recite a phone number. A 3-year-old is usually able to speak in sentences.
C)A 5-year-old should be able to button his shirt. A 6-year-old should be able to sit still for a short story; this is a task that children between 3 and 5 years old are typically able to do. A child who cannot cut with scissors by kindergarten age is considered developmentally delayed, but a 2-year-old is not expected to be able to do this. A 2-year-old is not expected to be able to recite a phone number. A 3-year-old is usually able to speak in sentences.
D)A 5-year-old should be able to button his shirt. A 6-year-old should be able to sit still for a short story; this is a task that children between 3 and 5 years old are typically able to do. A child who cannot cut with scissors by kindergarten age is considered developmentally delayed, but a 2-year-old is not expected to be able to do this. A 2-year-old is not expected to be able to recite a phone number. A 3-year-old is usually able to speak in sentences.
E)A 5-year-old should be able to button his shirt. A 6-year-old should be able to sit still for a short story; this is a task that children between 3 and 5 years old are typically able to do. A child who cannot cut with scissors by kindergarten age is considered developmentally delayed, but a 2-year-old is not expected to be able to do this. A 2-year-old is not expected to be able to recite a phone number. A 3-year-old is usually able to speak in sentences.

Question 16

The nurse is assessing a child who was last seen in the clinic 2 years earlier. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate as having remained relatively stable over time?

Accepted Answer

A)Temperament refers to innate characteristics that do not change over time. Each individual brings these characteristics to the events of daily life, and they set the stage for the interactive dynamics of growth and development. Physical characteristics include eye color and height; although some physical characteristics remain constant as a child grows, others do not. A person's temperament shapes his or her behaviors; however, regardless of temperament, a child's behaviors should be expected to change over time as a normal part of development. Finally, a child's home environment may change at any time due to any number of factors.
B)Temperament refers to innate characteristics that do not change over time. Each individual brings these characteristics to the events of daily life, and they set the stage for the interactive dynamics of growth and development. Physical characteristics include eye color and height; although some physical characteristics remain constant as a child grows, others do not. A person's temperament shapes his or her behaviors; however, regardless of temperament, a child's behaviors should be expected to change over time as a normal part of development. Finally, a child's home environment may change at any time due to any number of factors.
C)Temperament refers to innate characteristics that do not change over time. Each individual brings these characteristics to the events of daily life, and they set the stage for the interactive dynamics of growth and development. Physical characteristics include eye color and height; although some physical characteristics remain constant as a child grows, others do not. A person's temperament shapes his or her behaviors; however, regardless of temperament, a child's behaviors should be expected to change over time as a normal part of development. Finally, a child's home environment may change at any time due to any number of factors.
D)Temperament refers to innate characteristics that do not change over time. Each individual brings these characteristics to the events of daily life, and they set the stage for the interactive dynamics of growth and development. Physical characteristics include eye color and height; although some physical characteristics remain constant as a child grows, others do not. A person's temperament shapes his or her behaviors; however, regardless of temperament, a child's behaviors should be expected to change over time as a normal part of development. Finally, a child's home environment may change at any time due to any number of factors.

Question 17

The nurse is interviewing the mother of a child who is being evaluated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). When assessing the child's health history, which of the following should the nurse identify as a risk factor for ADHD?

Accepted Answer

A)Research shows that a mother's use of cigarettes during pregnancy can increase the risk for ADHD. Immune response can be associated with autism spectrum disorders but not ADHD. Young parental age has not been associated with ADHD. The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine was once thought to be associated with autism spectrum disorder, not ADHD, but multiple studies have found no link between immunizations and autism.
B)Research shows that a mother's use of cigarettes during pregnancy can increase the risk for ADHD. Immune response can be associated with autism spectrum disorders but not ADHD. Young parental age has not been associated with ADHD. The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine was once thought to be associated with autism spectrum disorder, not ADHD, but multiple studies have found no link between immunizations and autism.
C)Research shows that a mother's use of cigarettes during pregnancy can increase the risk for ADHD. Immune response can be associated with autism spectrum disorders but not ADHD. Young parental age has not been associated with ADHD. The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine was once thought to be associated with autism spectrum disorder, not ADHD, but multiple studies have found no link between immunizations and autism.
D)Research shows that a mother's use of cigarettes during pregnancy can increase the risk for ADHD. Immune response can be associated with autism spectrum disorders but not ADHD. Young parental age has not been associated with ADHD. The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine was once thought to be associated with autism spectrum disorder, not ADHD, but multiple studies have found no link between immunizations and autism.

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a 76-year-old client. The nurse suspects that the client may be minimizing her pain. Which should the nurse recognize as a common reason for this behavior in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A)Older adults see pain as a natural progression of aging. As such, many elderly patients tend to downplay the extent of their pain, which leads to undertreatment of pain. The nurse should be aware when assessing for pain that the older adult may not rate his or her pain realistically. Fear of addictive pain killers, admission to a rehabilitation hospital, and loss of sensation are unlikely to contribute to the older adult downplaying pain.
B)Older adults see pain as a natural progression of aging. As such, many elderly patients tend to downplay the extent of their pain, which leads to undertreatment of pain. The nurse should be aware when assessing for pain that the older adult may not rate his or her pain realistically. Fear of addictive pain killers, admission to a rehabilitation hospital, and loss of sensation are unlikely to contribute to the older adult downplaying pain.
C)Older adults see pain as a natural progression of aging. As such, many elderly patients tend to downplay the extent of their pain, which leads to undertreatment of pain. The nurse should be aware when assessing for pain that the older adult may not rate his or her pain realistically. Fear of addictive pain killers, admission to a rehabilitation hospital, and loss of sensation are unlikely to contribute to the older adult downplaying pain.
D)Older adults see pain as a natural progression of aging. As such, many elderly patients tend to downplay the extent of their pain, which leads to undertreatment of pain. The nurse should be aware when assessing for pain that the older adult may not rate his or her pain realistically. Fear of addictive pain killers, admission to a rehabilitation hospital, and loss of sensation are unlikely to contribute to the older adult downplaying pain.

Question 19

The nurse is teaching the family of a child who is prescribed amphetamine mixed salts sustained release (Adderall XR)for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following should the nurse teach the family is the best time to administer the medication?

Accepted Answer

A)Administering the medication early in the day can help alleviate the effect of insomnia. Before lunch might be difficult and cause embarrassment to the child if the child is in school. Evening and bedtime are incorrect as this medicine can cause insomnia.
B)Administering the medication early in the day can help alleviate the effect of insomnia. Before lunch might be difficult and cause embarrassment to the child if the child is in school. Evening and bedtime are incorrect as this medicine can cause insomnia.
C)Administering the medication early in the day can help alleviate the effect of insomnia. Before lunch might be difficult and cause embarrassment to the child if the child is in school. Evening and bedtime are incorrect as this medicine can cause insomnia.
D)Administering the medication early in the day can help alleviate the effect of insomnia. Before lunch might be difficult and cause embarrassment to the child if the child is in school. Evening and bedtime are incorrect as this medicine can cause insomnia.

Question 20

The nurse is teaching a school-aged client how to use a peak flow meter to monitor asthma. Which approach by the nurse is most likely to result in the desired outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)A sense of achievement is very important to school-aged children, and rewarding and reinforcing behavior is most effective. Scare tactics and negative reinforcement are not appropriate. Nurses should use clear, concrete language to enhance understanding.
B)A sense of achievement is very important to school-aged children, and rewarding and reinforcing behavior is most effective. Scare tactics and negative reinforcement are not appropriate. Nurses should use clear, concrete language to enhance understanding.
C)A sense of achievement is very important to school-aged children, and rewarding and reinforcing behavior is most effective. Scare tactics and negative reinforcement are not appropriate. Nurses should use clear, concrete language to enhance understanding.
D)A sense of achievement is very important to school-aged children, and rewarding and reinforcing behavior is most effective. Scare tactics and negative reinforcement are not appropriate. Nurses should use clear, concrete language to enhance understanding.

Quiz 25: Development

The nurse is caring for a family with four children whose third child has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Which statement made by the mother suggests that the family may have difficulty coping with this diagnosis?

The nurse is caring for a young school-age child who was recently diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Which statement by the child's mother requires follow up teaching?

The school nurse is talking to a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who wants to play soccer. Which action is most appropriate for the school nurse to take?

A nurse is caring for a school-age client who is scheduled to have a tonsillectomy the next day. The nurse has planned a preoperative teaching session for the child, who has a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Which teaching technique is most appropriate for this client?