Question 1

During spermatogenesis, what do the first and second meiotic divisions yield
A)primary spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes
B)secondary spermatocytes and spermatids
C)spermatids and spermatozoa
D)spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes

Accepted Answer

The first meiotic division produces secondary spermatocytes, which then undergo the second meiotic division to produce spermatids. Therefore, the second meiotic division yields spermatids.

Question 2

Which of these statements does NOT apply to testosterone
A)Its secretion is stimulated by LH.
B)It is secreted by the seminiferous tubules.
C)It stimulates spermatogenesis.
D)It promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is primarily secreted by the Leydig cells (interstitial cells) located in the testes, not by the seminiferous tubules. The seminiferous tubules are involved in the production of sperm, not the secretion of testosterone.

Question 3

Which structure(s) below secrete(s) male sex hormone
A)seminal vesicles
B)prostate gland
C)Sertoli cells
D)interstitial cells

Accepted Answer

Interstitial cells secrete male sex hormone, which is testosterone. The other structures listed do not secrete male sex hormones.

Question 4

Which of these actions is NOT stimulated by testosterone
A)masculinization of the developing reproductive tract and external genitalia
B)descent of the testes into the scrotum
C)remodelling of spermatid
D)development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics

Accepted Answer

Testosterone stimulates the masculinization of the developing reproductive tract and external genitalia, descent of the testes into the scrotum, and development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics. However, remodelling of spermatid is under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), not testosterone.

Question 5

Which factor is responsible for differentiating the embryonic gonads into testes
A)the sex-determining region of the X chromosome
B)the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome
C)autosomal chromosomes
D)male gonadal-determining factor

Accepted Answer

The sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY gene) is responsible for the differentiation of the embryonic gonads into testes. This gene codes for a protein that activates other genes and leads to the production of male hormones such as testosterone. Without the SRY gene, the gonads develop into ovaries.

Question 6

During spermatogenesis, one spermatogonium containing 46 chromosomes yields __________________
A)16 spermatozoa, each containing 23 chromosomes.
B)2 spermatozoa, each containing 23 chromosomes.
C)1 spermatozoon containing 46 chromosomes.
D)1 spermatozoon containing 23 chromosomes, and a polar body containing the other 23 chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

During spermatogenesis, one spermatogonium undergoes mitotic division to produce two cells, which then each undergo two rounds of meiotic division. This process results in four spermatids from each original cell, totaling eight spermatids, which further develop into eight mature spermatozoa, each containing 23 chromosomes. The initial statement incorrectly states the yield as 16 spermatozoa; the correct yield from one spermatogonium, after considering the entire process, is actually 4 mature spermatozoa, each with 23 chromosomes.

Question 7

Which of these statements refers to Wolffian ducts
A)They develop into the female reproductive tract under the influence of estrogen.
B)They develop into male external genitalia under the influence of dihydrotestosterone.
C)They develop into the male reproductive tract under the influence of testosterone.
D)They develop into female external genitalia.

Accepted Answer

Wolffian ducts develop into the male reproductive tract under the influence of testosterone.

Question 8

Which of these statements does NOT describe sex differentiation
A)A Y chromosome stimulates production of H-Y antigen by primitive gonadal cells.
B)Early in development, embryos of both sexes have the same indifferent reproductive tissues capable of differentiating into either a male or female reproductive system.
C)Secretion of testosterone and Müllerian-inhibiting factor by the fetal testes induces development of the reproductive tract and external genitalia along male lines.
D)Ovaries must be present for feminization of the reproductive tract and external genitalia to occur.

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect because ovarian production of estrogen is required for feminization of the reproductive tract and external genitalia to occur.

Question 9

Why are the testes located outside the abdominal cavity in the scrotal sac
A)to permit temperature-sensitive spermatogenesis
B)to protect the gonads against injury
C)to permit testosterone secretion
D)to maintain the testes at a higher than normal body temperature

Accepted Answer

The testes are located outside the abdominal cavity in the scrotal sac to permit temperature-sensitive spermatogenesis. Sperm production requires a lower temperature than the normal body temperature, which is maintained by the scrotum's ability to contract or relax in response to temperature changes.

Question 10

Which of these statements does NOT apply to testosterone
A)It is responsible for the male secondary sexual characteristics.
B)It stimulates spermatogenesis.
C)Its secretion is stimulated by FSH.
D)It develops sex drive at puberty.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone secretion is stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland, not by FSH. FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes to support spermatogenesis, but testosterone is the primary hormone responsible for stimulating spermatogenesis.

Question 11

What is the primary reproductive organ in the male
A)testes
B)prostate gland
C)seminal vesicles
D)bulbourethral glands

Accepted Answer

The primary reproductive organ in the male is the testes, as it is responsible for the production of sperm and the hormone testosterone. The prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral glands all contribute to the production of semen, but are not the primary reproductive organ.

Question 12

What does the acrosome of the spermatozoon contain
A)the sperm's genetic information
B)mitochondria for energy production
C)fructose, which provides energy for the spermatozoa
D)enzymes that enable the sperm to penetrate the ovum

Accepted Answer

The acrosome of the spermatozoon contains enzymes that enable the sperm to penetrate the ovum. This is necessary for fertilization to occur. A, B, and C are not correct as they do not describe the contents of the acrosome.

Question 13

Which of these factors is NOT associated with sex determination and differentiation in a male
A)degeneration of Wolffian ducts
B)differentiation of indifferent gonadal tissue into testes under the influence of the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome
C)production of H-Y antigen
D)secretion of Müllerian-inhibiting factor

Accepted Answer

Degeneration of Wolffian ducts is associated with the development of females, not males. In males, the Wolffian ducts develop into the epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles.

Question 14

Which of these statements does NOT apply to testosterone
A)It is secreted by the Sertoli cells of the testes.
B)It exerts a general protein anabolic effect.
C)It causes enlargement of the larynx and thickening of the vocal cords.
D)It may induce aggressive behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is primarily secreted by the Leydig cells of the testes, not the Sertoli cells.

Question 15

Which structure(s) is/are inferior to the bladder in males
A)epididymis and vas deferens
B)seminal vesicles
C)prostate gland
D)penis

Accepted Answer

The prostate gland is located directly inferior to the bladder in males, surrounding the urethra as it exits the bladder.

Question 16

Which of these statements describes a secondary spermatocyte
A)haploid with unduplicated chromosomes
B)diploid with duplicated chromosomes
C)diploid with unduplicated chromosomes
D)haploid with duplicated chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A secondary spermatocyte is haploid (has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell) and has duplicated (replicated) chromosomes. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 17

Which of these structures in a female reproductive system is similar to that of the penis
A)bulbourethral gland
B)clitoris
C)labia minora
D)ovary

Accepted Answer

The clitoris is a small, highly sensitive organ located at the anterior end of the vulva, just above the vaginal opening. It contains erectile tissue and functions in sexual arousal, much like the penis in males.

Question 18

Which of the following compounds directly controls spermatogenesis
A)LH
B)testosterone
C)prostaglandin
D)FSH

Accepted Answer

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) directly controls spermatogenesis by promoting the production of sperm cells in the testes. LH (luteinizing hormone) stimulates the production of testosterone by the testes, which is necessary for spermatogenesis but does not directly control it. Prostaglandin is not directly involved in spermatogenesis.

Question 19

Which of these female structures has tissue composition similar to the penis
A)cervical canal
B)clitoris
C)fallopian tube
D)labia majora

Accepted Answer

The clitoris contains erectile tissue and is composed of similar tissues to the penis, including corpus cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.

Question 20

Which of these statements describes spermatogenesis
A)It occurs in the seminiferous tubules.
B)It begins with spermatocytes
C)It is controlled by both testosterone and FSH.
D)It is by meiotic division.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these statements describes spermatogenesis
A)It occurs...

Quiz 17: The Reproductive System

During spermatogenesis, what do the first and second meiotic divisions yield

Which of these statements does NOT apply to testosterone

Which structure(s) below secrete(s) male sex hormone

Which of these actions is NOT stimulated by testosterone

Which factor is responsible for differentiating the embryonic gonads into testes

During spermatogenesis, one spermatogonium containing 46 chromosomes yields __________________

Which of these statements refers to Wolffian ducts

Which of these statements does NOT describe sex differentiation

Why are the testes located outside the abdominal cavity in the scrotal sac

Which of these statements does NOT apply to testosterone

What is the primary reproductive organ in the male

What does the acrosome of the spermatozoon contain

Which of these factors is NOT associated with sex determination and differentiation in a male

Which of these statements does NOT apply to testosterone

Which structure(s) is/are inferior to the bladder in males

Which of these statements describes a secondary spermatocyte

Which of these structures in a female reproductive system is similar to that of the penis

Which of the following compounds directly controls spermatogenesis

Which of these female structures has tissue composition similar to the penis

Which of these statements describes spermatogenesis