Question 1

For a dilation and curettage (D&C), which of the following orders of instrument use is CORRECT for endometrial biopsy?

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence for instrument use in a dilation and curettage (D&C) for endometrial biopsy starts with the insertion of a weighted vaginal speculum to visualize the cervix. Next, a tenaculum is used to stabilize the cervix. The uterine sound measures the depth of the uterus to prevent perforation during dilation. Cervical dilators are then used to gradually dilate the cervix, and finally, endometrial curettes are used to scrape or collect a sample of the endometrial tissue.

Question 2

Which piece of operating room furniture would likely be unnecessary for many vaginal surgical procedures?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

What is the name of the routine surgical treatment of infected Bartholin's gland cysts?

Accepted Answer

The routine surgical treatment for infected Bartholin's gland cysts is marsupialization, which involves creating a small incision in the cyst and stitching the edges to the vaginal wall to create a pouch, allowing the cyst to drain continuously. Cerclage is a surgical procedure where the cervix is stitched closed to prevent premature birth. Episiotomy is a surgical cut made in the perineum during childbirth to widen the vaginal opening. Labioplasty is a cosmetic surgery to reshape or resize the labia.

Question 4

In which procedure would the surgeon likely request 8-0 or 9-0 suture?

Accepted Answer

Tuboplasty, which involves the delicate repair or reconstruction of the fallopian tubes, often requires very fine sutures such as 8-0 or 9-0 to minimize tissue trauma and promote optimal healing. These sutures are among the smallest sizes available, suitable for microsurgical procedures.

Question 5

What color is the abnormal tissue after staining with acetic acid in a cervical biopsy?

Accepted Answer

Abnormal tissue in a cervical biopsy appears white after staining with acetic acid due to the precipitation of proteins. This is in contrast to normal tissue, which remains clear after staining.

Question 6

All of the following are paired ligaments that support the uterus in the lower abdomen and attach it to the pelvis, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The broad, round, and cardinal ligaments are all paired ligaments that support the uterus and attach it to the pelvis. Cooper's ligament is not a ligament that supports the uterus. Instead, it is a ligament that supports the breast tissue.

Question 7

Which method of tubal ligation (sterilization) is most frequently used?

Accepted Answer

Pomeroy tubal ligation is the most frequently used method of tubal ligation. It involves tying a loop of the fallopian tube and removing a small piece, making it an effective and safe method of female sterilization. Other methods like Irving, Parkland, and Kroener fimbriectomy may also be used but are less commonly used.

Question 8

What is the main purpose of putting a bolster sheet or roll under the right hip of a patient just prior to C-section?

Accepted Answer

Placing a bolster sheet or roll under the right hip of a patient just prior to C-section reduces the pressure of the gravid uterus on the vena cava, which improves blood flow and prevents hypotension. This is important for maintaining maternal and fetal health during the procedure.

Question 9

Cervical cerclage is performed to:

Accepted Answer

Cervical cerclage is the placement of a stitch around the cervix to prevent premature dilation and spontaneous abortion. It is typically performed in women who have a history of second-trimester pregnancy loss or premature birth. It is not used for biopsy, repair of cystocele, or treatment of vaginal condylomata.

Question 10

How many stages of labor and delivery does the patient go through?

Accepted Answer

There are four stages of labor: the first stage (dilation), the second stage (expulsion), the third stage (placental), and the fourth stage (recovery).

Question 11

Cephalopelvic disproportion is a component of which of the following indications for a cesarean section delivery?

Accepted Answer

Cephalopelvic disproportion is a condition in which the fetus's head is too large or the mother's pelvis is too small, making vaginal delivery difficult or impossible. This condition is a common indication for a cesarean section delivery due to dystocia, which refers to difficult or prolonged labor. Placenta previa, preeclampsia, and uterine rupture are not directly related to cephalopelvic disproportion.

Question 12

Which maneuver might be performed by the surgical technologist during a cesarean section to aid in the delivery as the surgeon gently manipulates the head of the fetus out of the uterus?

Accepted Answer

Application of external pressure over the fundus of the uterus, also known as suprapubic pressure, can aid in the delivery of the fetus during a cesarean section by helping to push the fetus out of the incision site. The other options are not appropriate maneuvers during a cesarean section.

Question 13

Which radiological study might be ordered preoperatively for a patient scheduled for tuboplasty?

Accepted Answer

A hysterosalpingogram is a radiological study that uses contrast dye to visualize the fallopian tubes and uterus. It is commonly ordered preoperatively for patients scheduled for tuboplasty, which is a surgical procedure to repair blocked or damaged fallopian tubes. Angiography, cholangiography, and retrograde urography are not typically indicated for this procedure.

Question 14

What is the name of the fingerlike projections at the terminal end of the fallopian tube that guides oocytes into the lumen?

Accepted Answer

Fimbria are fingerlike projections at the terminal end of the fallopian tube that guide oocytes into the lumen.

Question 15

Which incision is MOST frequently used for cesarean sections?

Accepted Answer

The Pfannenstiel incision, which is a transverse incision just above the pubic symphysis, is the most frequently used incision for cesarean sections due to its cosmetic advantages and reduced risk of postoperative complications.

Question 16

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the anatomy of the vulva?

Accepted Answer

The cervix is a part of the internal reproductive system and is not a part of the vulva, which refers to the external female genitalia. The clitoris, labia, and mons pubis are all structures that make up the vulva.

Question 17

What is the MOST common surgical intervention for a vaginal delivery?

Accepted Answer

Episiotomy is the most common surgical intervention for a vaginal delivery. This is a procedure where a small incision is made in the area between the vaginal opening and the anus in order to widen the vaginal opening and make delivery easier. However, this practice is becoming less common and many healthcare providers are opting for more natural tearing or using other methods to minimize the need for intervention during delivery.

Question 18

What is the procedure name for the removal of fibroid tumors of the uterus with the preservation of fertility?

Accepted Answer

Myomectomy is the procedure for the removal of fibroid tumors of the uterus while preserving fertility. Endometrial ablation is a different procedure that removes the lining of the uterus to reduce menstrual bleeding, but does not address fibroids. Oophorectomy is the removal of the ovaries, not the uterus or fibroids. Pelvic exenteration is a radical and extensive surgical procedure that involves removing all the pelvic organs and is not typically used for the treatment of fibroids.

Question 19

Which medication may be injected into the uterus for hemostasis, before closure of the uterus in a cesarean section?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin is commonly used to promote uterine contractions, which can help achieve hemostasis by compressing the uterine vessels, thus reducing bleeding during or after a cesarean section.

Question 20

What color is the abnormal tissue after staining with Lugol's solution in a cervical biopsy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What color is the abnormal tissue after...

Quiz 15: Obstetric and Gynecologic Surgery

For a dilation and curettage (D&C) , which of the following orders of instrument use is CORRECT for endometrial biopsy?