The Accompanying Photomicrograph Shows a Section of Lung That Had

The accompanying photomicrograph shows a section of lung that had been resected from the right upper lobe of a 73 year old male who had smoked two packs of cigarettes a day since the age of 18.The inherent danger of bullae formation (B) in emphysema is the distinct possibility of which one of the following pathophysiologic events?

A) Aspergillus infection
B) Heart failure
C) Lung cancer
D) Pneumothorax
E) Tuberculosis