Question 1

Lisa loves to watch the TV show Jeopardy. She can answer most questions and enjoys learning. What type of memory is Lisa using when she answers the Jeopardy questions?

Accepted Answer

Lisa is using semantic memory, which is the type of memory that stores general knowledge and facts about the world. She is not recalling personal experiences (episodic), specific events from her own life (autobiographical), or skills/behaviors she has learned without conscious effort (implicit).

Question 2

Betty, who is 74 and depressed, seems to handle her situation much more readily than Priscilla, who is 35 and depressed. What factor has assisted Betty in dealing with her depression?

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that Betty has better coping mechanisms that have been developed with her advancement in age, which has helped her deal with her depression. This implies that with age comes experience, wisdom, and resilience that can make it easier to cope with difficult situations.

Question 3

Joanne is 65 years old. She has a difficult time motivating herself to get out of bed, and explains by saying sadly, "What's the point, there is nothing I can do to make it worthwhile anyway." What is Joanne exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

Joanne's statement reflects a sense of hopelessness and sadness, which are characteristic of dysphoria.

Question 4

Julio is an architect. He has created several interesting buildings in his career, and has won awards for his creative designs. But Julio has lately discovered that his creative ideas have declined in number. What approximate age has Julio likely reached?

Accepted Answer

Creative output in many fields, including architecture, often peaks in the 30s and 40s, with a decline sometimes beginning in the 40s.

Question 5

When Molly's husband dies, she thinks, "I can't live without my husband. God is punishing me." What is Molly expressing?

Accepted Answer

Molly is expressing her internal belief system, specifically a belief that God is punishing her for her husband's death. This belief is an example of a cognitively constructed meaning that she has made about the situation.

Question 6

If you were taking a test to assess your episodic memory, what question would you NOT be asked?

Accepted Answer

The question about the capital of New Jersey is not related to episodic memory, which involves recalling specific personal experiences or events. It is a general knowledge question.

Question 7

In preparing for a date in court, Angeline commits to memory the details of the case. What type of memory is involved in this sort of preparation?

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory is involved in this sort of preparation because it refers to memories that can be consciously recalled, such as facts and events, which would include the details of a case for a court date.

Question 8

Who is most likely to be wisest concerning the problem of whether a person should accept a new job and relocate their family?

Accepted Answer

Calvin's experience with taking several new employment opportunities makes him most likely to have practical wisdom in this specific context, as his experiences directly relate to the problem at hand.

Question 9

After learning the E-I-E-I-O framework, Hugh uses rehearsal to recall his new student ID number. What does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Hugh using rehearsal to recall his new student ID number demonstrates explicit memory, as he is consciously aware of and intentionally trying to remember the information. Additionally, the use of a memory aid (E-I-E-I-O framework) is an example of an internal memory aid, as it is a mental strategy that Hugh is using to help him remember the information.

Question 10

Which sort of medication would be least likely prescribed for depression?

Accepted Answer

Levodopa is a medication primarily used for Parkinson's disease and is not typically prescribed for depression. The other medication options listed (SSRIs, MAOIs, and HCAs) are commonly prescribed for depression.

Question 11

What is the key question in determining whether or not Karen should be concerned about her memory?

Accepted Answer

The key question in determining whether or not Karen should be concerned about her memory is whether or not her memory problem interferes in her life. This is because occasional forgetfulness is normal, but if it starts to impact daily activities and responsibilities, it may be a cause for concern.

Question 12

Which of the following phrases would best complete the analogy, "Concerning memory, implicit is to explicit as?"

Accepted Answer

Implicit memory refers to unconscious or unintentional forms of memory, while explicit memory refers to intentional or conscious forms of memory. B is the only choice that presents a parallel contrast between unconscious and intentional.

Question 13

Which medication for depression appears to have fewer adverse reactions?

Accepted Answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) appear to have fewer adverse reactions compared to other classes of antidepressants such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and heterocyclic antidepressants (HCAs). Atypical antipsychotics are not generally used as first-line treatment for depression and may have their own set of adverse reactions. Therefore, the best choice for medication with fewer adverse reactions for depression would be SSRIs.

Question 14

JoEllen fondly remembers the rain that fell on her wedding day. She also remembers how many people attended the ceremony, and where they sat at the reception, even though the wedding was 23 years ago. What type of memory is JoEllen using?

Accepted Answer

The answer of JoEllen fondly remembers the rain that fell...

Question 15

Which characteristic has been linked to wisdom?

Accepted Answer

Empathy, or the ability to understand and relate to others' perspectives and emotions, has been identified as a key characteristic of wisdom. This is because wisdom involves not just knowing information, but also having the ability to apply that knowledge in complex social situations and to consider the impact on other people.

Question 16

Avery has a great deal of knowledge that she applies skillfully to most any situation. She does not turn her back on the difficult problems in life, but rather applies her great knowledge to give expert advice in order to aid individuals and society. What is Avery exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

Avery is exhibiting wisdom, which involves using knowledge and experience to make sound decisions and offer guidance to others. Working memory refers to the ability to hold and manipulate information in the mind, adaptive skills involve adapting to new situations and environments, and divided attention is the ability to focus on multiple tasks at once.

Question 17

Which of the following is one of Baltes and Staudinger's (2000) characteristics of wisdom?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is one of...

Question 18

When Judy is asked, "What's 2 + 2?" the answer just seems to pop into her head. What type of memory is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Judy is asked, "What's 2 +...

Question 19

Maura suspects that she has some memory deficit. What kind of assessment should she undergo?

Accepted Answer

A neuropsychological assessment would be the most appropriate assessment to determine if Maura has any memory deficits. This type of assessment evaluates various cognitive functions including memory, attention, language, and executive functioning. It would provide a comprehensive evaluation of Maura's cognitive abilities and identify any deficits present.

Question 20

If you cheat on this exam by looking at notes you have taken, what kind of memory aid are you using?

Accepted Answer

Looking at notes during an exam is an example of an external memory aid, which is a tool or resource that is outside of one's own cognitive abilities.

Quiz 15: The Personal Context of Later Life