Question 1

Valentine's Day Scenario
Todd decided to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wanted this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fine restaurant. He was not sure which restaurant to go to so he asked his boss, because he dines out at fine restaurants frequently. Because Todd didn't have much experience patronizing fine restaurants, he went through the sequence of events in his mind of what will take place at the restaurant. For example, he knew he would give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, give their drink and food order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. He also rehearsed in his mind how he will propose to his girlfriend, wondering if he should get down on one knee like he's seen in commercials. So on the big day, he went to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hands and the ring in his pocket. The restaurant was nice and the food was good, but he thought it was strange that they were playing heavy metal music. That didn't seem to fit his thoughts of what a fine dining restaurant environment should be like. The night was very special, though, and he will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looked that night and how happy they both were when she accepted his proposal.
-Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. Which message characteristic represents the extent that Todd thought it was strange for the fine restaurant to be playing heavy metal music in the dining room?
A) message complexity
B) message intensity
C) message congruity
D) message signal

Accepted Answer

Message congruity refers to the extent to which a message fits with our expectations and beliefs about a particular situation or environment. In this case, Todd had a preconceived notion of what a fine dining restaurant environment should be like (perhaps with more classical, elegant music playing) and the heavy metal music played did not fit that expectation, leading to a lack of message congruity.

Question 2

Valentine's Day Scenario
Todd decided to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wanted this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fine restaurant. He was not sure which restaurant to go to so he asked his boss, because he dines out at fine restaurants frequently. Because Todd didn't have much experience patronizing fine restaurants, he went through the sequence of events in his mind of what will take place at the restaurant. For example, he knew he would give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, give their drink and food order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. He also rehearsed in his mind how he will propose to his girlfriend, wondering if he should get down on one knee like he's seen in commercials. So on the big day, he went to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hands and the ring in his pocket. The restaurant was nice and the food was good, but he thought it was strange that they were playing heavy metal music. That didn't seem to fit his thoughts of what a fine dining restaurant environment should be like. The night was very special, though, and he will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looked that night and how happy they both were when she accepted his proposal.
-Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. Which source characteristic of Todd's boss most likely influenced his decision on which restaurant to patronize?
A) likeability
B) attractiveness
C) trustworthiness
D) expertise

Accepted Answer

Todd's boss was likely chosen as a source of information on fine dining restaurants because of his expertise in regularly dining at such establishments.

Question 3

Which term refers to a concept within a schema that is the single best representative of some category?
A) specimen
B) exemplar
C) prototype
D) frame

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which term refers to a concept within...

Question 4

Name and describe the four mental processes that can assist in remembering things and discuss an example of how you can use each to perform better on an exam in this class.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name and describe the four mental processes...

Question 5

Explain what a script is with respect to memory and describe a script for each of the following situations:??(a) Attending a banquet or awards ceremony?(b) Shopping for a computer?(c) Attending a sporting event?(d) Going on a first date

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what a script is with respect...

Question 6

What is a script?
A) the best representation of some category
B) the cognitive representation that gives a specific type of person meaning
C) memory for past events
D) a schema representing an event

Accepted Answer

A script is a mental framework or schema representing an event or a series of events, often based on cultural or societal norms. It helps individuals organize and interpret information about scenarios they encounter, and guides their behavior and responses.

Question 7

Valentine's Day Scenario
Todd decided to propose marriage to his girlfriend on Valentine's Day. He wanted this to be a very special day, so he decided to take her to a fine restaurant. He was not sure which restaurant to go to so he asked his boss, because he dines out at fine restaurants frequently. Because Todd didn't have much experience patronizing fine restaurants, he went through the sequence of events in his mind of what will take place at the restaurant. For example, he knew he would give his car to the valet, be seated by the hostess, be given menus and a wine list, give their drink and food order, eat, pay the bill, and retrieve his car from the valet. He also rehearsed in his mind how he will propose to his girlfriend, wondering if he should get down on one knee like he's seen in commercials. So on the big day, he went to his girlfriend's apartment with a dozen roses in his hands and the ring in his pocket. The restaurant was nice and the food was good, but he thought it was strange that they were playing heavy metal music. That didn't seem to fit his thoughts of what a fine dining restaurant environment should be like. The night was very special, though, and he will always remember how beautiful his girlfriend looked that night and how happy they both were when she accepted his proposal.
-Refer to Valentine's Day Scenario. Which of the following represents the sequence of events Todd mentally went through regarding what to expect at the restaurant?
A) social schema
B) script
C) episodic memory
D) social stereotype

Accepted Answer

Todd went through the sequence of events in his mind of what will take place at the restaurant, which is a characteristic of a script. A script is a mental framework that guides behavior in familiar situations by specifying the order in which events occur. Todd did not rely on preconceived ideas about restaurants or people, so it is not a social stereotype. Todd's mental process did not involve memories of specific experiences, so it is not episodic memory. While Todd may have had some beliefs about restaurants, this scenario does not suggest that he used them as a guide, so it is not a social schema.

Question 8

Kelly remembers very clearly her sixth birthday when she had a party with pony rides. What is the term for this memory for past events?
A) episodic memory
B) situation memory
C) nostalgic memory
D) social memory

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory is the term for memory of past events that are personally experienced and have a specific time and place, such as Kelly's memory of her sixth birthday party with pony rides.

Question 9

Define the concept of comprehension and list the main factors that influence what gets comprehended. Discuss an example of each factor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the concept of comprehension and list...

Question 10

Hillary is imagining herself driving the car she sees in a television commercial. In which type of elaboration is Hillary engaged?
A) personal
B) kinetic
C) exemplar
D) primary

Accepted Answer

Hillary is engaging in personal elaboration because she is imagining herself in the scenario, making it a personal connection to the content she is viewing.

Question 11

Create your associative network for a brand of athletic shoes of your choice and include at least five nodes. Define declarative knowledge, node, and path in associative networks, and identify each in your network.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create your associative network for a brand...

Question 12

Compare and contrast the different memory stores in the multiple store theory of memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the different memory stores...

Question 13

Which type of schema is the cognitive representation that gives a specific type of person meaning?
A) identifying schema
B) social schema
C) episodic schema
D) nostalgic schema

Accepted Answer

A social schema is a cognitive representation of a particular group or category of people. It gives meaning to certain characteristics and behaviors associated with that group, helping individuals to make sense of social situations and interact with others. Identifying schema refers to the process of recognizing and categorizing objects and people, while episodic schema refers to a person's memory of a specific event or experience. Nostalgic schema is not a recognized term in cognitive psychology.

Question 14

Coca-Cola is the notion within a soft drink schema that is the single best representation of that category. What does Coca-Cola represent within the soft drink product category?
A) avatar
B) script
C) frame
D) exemplar

Accepted Answer

Coca-Cola is the best example of a soft drink, making it the exemplar within the category.

Question 15

Which type of associative network works as a cognitive representation of a phenomenon that provides meaning to that entity?
A) association
B) exemplar
C) schema
D) prototype

Accepted Answer

A schema is a type of associative network that acts as a cognitive representation of a phenomenon, providing meaning to that entity. It helps an individual organize and interpret information and navigate the world around them. Schemas can be formed through experiences, cultural influences, and socialization.

Question 16

Kayli was going to have her first baby and was happy when the nurse attending to her was very nice, attentive, and motherly in nature. The nurse's demeanour fit the type of person Kayli expected in this environment. Which part of her associative network did the nurse coincide with?
A) episodic memory
B) social schema
C) script
D) declarative knowledge

Accepted Answer

The nurse corresponds to Kayli's social schema of what a nurse should behave like in a maternity ward. Social schema is the cognitive framework containing knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about certain social groups or situations.

Question 17

Which term refers to the extent to which a consumer continues processing a message even after an initial understanding is achieved in the comprehension stage?
A) repetition
B) elaboration
C) nostalgia
D) chunking

Accepted Answer

Elaboration refers to the extent to which a consumer continues processing a message even after an initial understanding is achieved in the comprehension stage. This can lead to a more meaningful and lasting memory of the message.

Question 18

Most consumers in Canada have a schema representing a wedding that has the bride coming down the aisle with her father, who gives her to the waiting groom. After the ceremony, the couple then share a kiss. What is the term for a schema representing an event such as a wedding?
A) script
B) prototype
C) exemplar
D) stereotype

Accepted Answer

A schema representing an event that follows a predictable sequence of actions is called a script.

Question 19

Which term refers to a schema that is the best representation of some category but that is not represented by an existing entity?
A) script
B) prototype
C) exemplar
D) frame

Accepted Answer

A prototype refers to a mental representation of the best or most typical example of a category, even if it does not correspond to an actual entity. Scripts refer to knowledge about sequences of events, exemplars refer to specific examples of a category, and frames refer to knowledge about the typical attributes and relationships associated with a situation or event.

Question 20

Define social schema and describe one for a counter person working in a fast food restaurant of your choice. Compare that to your social schema of a waiter or waitress in a sit-down restaurant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define social schema and describe one for...

Quiz 4: Comprehension, Memory, and Cognitive Learning

Which term refers to a concept within a schema that is the single best representative of some category?

Name and describe the four mental processes that can assist in remembering things and discuss an example of how you can use each to perform better on an exam in this class.

Explain what a script is with respect to memory and describe a script for each of the following situations:??(a) Attending a banquet or awards ceremony?(b) Shopping for a computer?(c) Attending a sporting event?(d) Going on a first date

What is a script?

Kelly remembers very clearly her sixth birthday when she had a party with pony rides. What is the term for this memory for past events?

Define the concept of comprehension and list the main factors that influence what gets comprehended. Discuss an example of each factor.

Hillary is imagining herself driving the car she sees in a television commercial. In which type of elaboration is Hillary engaged?

Create your associative network for a brand of athletic shoes of your choice and include at least five nodes. Define declarative knowledge, node, and path in associative networks, and identify each in your network.

Compare and contrast the different memory stores in the multiple store theory of memory.

Which type of schema is the cognitive representation that gives a specific type of person meaning?

Coca-Cola is the notion within a soft drink schema that is the single best representation of that category. What does Coca-Cola represent within the soft drink product category?

Which type of associative network works as a cognitive representation of a phenomenon that provides meaning to that entity?

Kayli was going to have her first baby and was happy when the nurse attending to her was very nice, attentive, and motherly in nature. The nurse's demeanour fit the type of person Kayli expected in this environment. Which part of her associative network did the nurse coincide with?

Which term refers to the extent to which a consumer continues processing a message even after an initial understanding is achieved in the comprehension stage?

Most consumers in Canada have a schema representing a wedding that has the bride coming down the aisle with her father, who gives her to the waiting groom. After the ceremony, the couple then share a kiss. What is the term for a schema representing an event such as a wedding?

Which term refers to a schema that is the best representation of some category but that is not represented by an existing entity?

Define social schema and describe one for a counter person working in a fast food restaurant of your choice. Compare that to your social schema of a waiter or waitress in a sit-down restaurant.