One difference between the short run and the long run is that perfectly competitive firms

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In the short run, perfectly competitive firms can earn positive, negative, or zero economic profit depending on their cost structures and market conditions. However, in the long run, new firms can enter the market and existing firms can exit, which will result in the market price adjusting to equal the minimum average total cost of production. This means that in the long run, perfectly competitive firms will earn zero economic profit, as they are operating at the minimum efficient scale and cannot earn more than their opportunity cost of production.

One Difference Between the Short Run and the Long Run