Which of the following basic research designs in the field of personality psychology is typically used to determine causality?

Question

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Experimental methods are typically used to determine causality in the field of personality psychology. This is because this design involves the manipulation of an independent variable and the observation of its effect on a dependent variable, which allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Correlational methods can identify associations between variables, but they cannot determine the direction of causality. Case study and historical methods are valuable for describing and understanding individual cases, but they do not involve manipulation of variables and cannot establish causality.

Which of the Following Basic Research Designs in the Field