Question 1

A parent of an 8-month-old infant says that the baby cries and screams whenever she is left with her grandparents.The reply should be based on the fact that the:

Accepted Answer

At around 6 months of age,the infant begins to have an awareness of self and parent as separate beings.This,coupled with the development of object permanence,causes the infant to become distressed at the absence of the parent.

Question 2

According to Erikson,infancy is concerned with acquiring a sense of:

Accepted Answer

Trust develops when infants learn their basic needs will be met,providing the foundation for all succeeding phases of development.Trust assists infants in experiencing unknown or unfamiliar situations with minimal fear.

Question 3

To support the development of language skills in their child,the parents should:

Accepted Answer

Parents should talk to the infant in the native language.Use of slang or baby talk may confuse or delay language development.Loud speech is not necessary to the development of language.

Question 4

The health-care worker instructs the parents of an infant that they can expect the first tooth eruption at the age of:

Accepted Answer

Normal tooth eruption occurs between 5 to 7 months with the appearance of the central incisors.

Question 5

A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic by her parents for a well-baby checkup.
Because 4-month-old infants are developing very fast,the health-care worker reminds parents that they can help prevent an accident by:

Accepted Answer

Good support and never leaving child unattended at the bath time can prevent an accident.Straps should be used as restraints in highchairs.Gates are not yet needed for a 4-month-old.

Question 6

The parents of a 6-month-old infant say that they are worried about their baby's thumb-sucking.The reply that is most informative would be:

Accepted Answer

Nonnutritive sucking in infancy is of benefit by providing a self-regulating source of comfort.

Question 7

The usual initial age at which infants begin to demonstrate meaningful social smiles in response to parental interaction is at:

Accepted Answer

Positive infant responses to parents' interaction efforts strengthen parent-infant attachment and usually are seen at the age of 2 months.

Question 8

Object permanence is:

Accepted Answer

By 9-10 months,infants have achieved the concept of object permanence,or the realization that objects that leave the visual field can still exist.

Question 9

A mother is concerned that her 12-month-old is "getting fat." She plans to switch the infant from formula to 2% low-fat milk.Based on knowledge of infant nutrition,the best response should be:

Accepted Answer

Fats are necessary in children under age 2 to promote development of the nervous system.

Question 10

The 5-month-old should demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

By 5 months,newborn reflexes have disappeared and the infant is able to shape the hand to voluntarily grasp an object.

Question 11

If parents are concerned about the fact that their 14-month-old infant is not walking,the health-care worker should particularly evaluate whether the infant:

Accepted Answer

Infants generally start to walk about 4 to 5 months after they are able to pull themselves up to a standing position.

Question 12

The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries.The most informative response would be:

Accepted Answer

Prompt attention to an infant's crying promotes attachment and development of trust.

Question 13

The parents of a 3-month-old complain that they are exhausted because she still wakes up as often as every 1 to 2 hours during the night.When she awakens,they change her diaper,and her mother nurses her back to sleep.The best suggestion would be to:

Accepted Answer

Giving a pacifier in the semi-awake state often will help the baby return to sleep and begin to develop self-regulatory habits.

Question 14

Regarding the introduction of solid foods during infancy,the nurse would advise:

Accepted Answer

Solid foods are introduced one at a time to help parents identify a food allergy response.

Question 15

The health-care worker ensures doting parents that they will hear the first meaningful words from their infant when the baby is about ______ months old.

Accepted Answer

Although infants vocalize as early as 5 to 6 weeks,it is not until they are about 10 months old that cognitive and motor development enables them to use meaningful words.

Question 16

The parent of a 12-month-old says,"He pushes the spoon right out of my hand and screams when I feed him.I can't let him feed himself,he makes too much of a mess." The best response is:

Accepted Answer

Self-feeding is a developmental task that is part of the first year of life and the infant's growing need for independence.

Question 17

Even infants can develop coping skills,which allow the infant to:

Accepted Answer

Infants are capable of dealing with a stressful situation by developing a coping skill.They may climb out of an infant seat to reach a toy or move self around in the crib to see into another room.

Question 18

When the parents of a 6-month-old say that they see no reason to spend money for a car seat because the baby is happier sitting in someone's lap.The best response is:

Accepted Answer

A rear-facing car seat provides the best protection for the infant's head and neck.The back seat is preferable to help protect the infant from being ejected from the car and from injury from a front seat air bag.

Question 19

The parents of a 6-month-old infant say,"She cries sometimes after we have put her down after we have played with her.We know she is dry and has recently been fed." The most appropriate intervention is to suggest that the baby:

Accepted Answer

If the adult turns away before the infant is ready,the infant will lean forward and attempt to get the adult's attention with sound and movement and will eventually cry with frustration.

Question 20

An appropriate play activity to encourage sensorimotor stimulation in a 7-month-old would be:

Accepted Answer

By 6 months to 1 year,play involves sensorimotor skills as described by Piaget.Infants need to be played with.A game of peek-a-boo provides visual stimulation and interaction with the parent.

Quiz 7: The Infant