At the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century, the Growing Cost

At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the growing cost of warfare led European rulers to use all of the following financial methods except

A) taxes on basic foods,such as the French gabelle or salt tax.
B) taxes on commercial transactions,such as the alcabala in Spain.
C) the establishment of a system of public debt,based on the use of municipal and national bonds.
D) forced or voluntary loans from rich citizens,such as the Medici in Florence.