Under the doctrine of dual federalism, what was the relationship between the national and state governments?

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Under dual federalism, the national and state governments are separate and distinct entities with their own specific areas of authority. Their powers are not to overlap or interfere with one another, leading to distinct and separate spheres of sovereignty. This doctrine was practiced during the early years of the United States, before the federal government took on a larger role in governing through various policies and programs.

Under the Doctrine of Dual Federalism, What Was the Relationship