Question 1

Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to tissues?

Accepted Answer

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) is responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to tissues.

Question 2

Cholesterol is ________.

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is not essential in the diet as the body can synthesize it. It is not found in foods of plant origin. It is an important part of human cell membranes and is necessary to make some hormones. Therefore, all of these choices are correct.

Question 3

LDL clearance in the plasma is mediated via the ______ receptor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of LDL clearance in the plasma is mediated...

Question 4

Lecithin is classified as a ________.

Accepted Answer

Lecithin is a type of phospholipid, which is composed of a hydrophilic head (containing a phosphate group) and a hydrophobic tail (containing fatty acids).

Question 5

In the Mediterranean Diet, the majority of fat in the diet is supplied by ________.

Accepted Answer

In the Mediterranean Diet, the majority of fat is supplied by olive oil and olives. These are sources of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, which are considered the healthier fats that can help lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. Red meat, eggs, dairy, and cheese are not the primary sources of fat in this diet.

Question 6

Individuals with bleeding disorders taking anticoagulants or scheduling surgery should be cautious about which supplement?

Accepted Answer

Omega 3 fatty acids can increase bleeding risk, so individuals with bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulants or scheduling surgery should be cautious.

Question 7

Fat digestion begins in the ________.

Accepted Answer

Fat digestion actually begins in the mouth through the action of an enzyme called lipase, which is found in saliva. However, the majority of fat digestion occurs in the small intestine with the help of pancreatic enzymes and bile from the liver. The stomach also plays a role in breaking down fats, but to a lesser extent than the small intestine.

Question 8

High levels of ______ in the blood are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is often referred to as the "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, potentially reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein), total cholesterol, and triglycerides, on the other hand, have been associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

Question 9

Lipoproteins are important for ________.

Accepted Answer

Lipoproteins are responsible for transporting lipids/fats in the blood and lymphatic system.

Question 10

A fatty acid with 10 carbons will be absorbed via the ________.

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids with fewer than 12 carbons are absorbed directly into the portal system, while longer-chain fatty acids are absorbed via the lymphatic system.

Question 11

Which essential fatty acid is responsible for lowering the risk of coronary heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid, has been shown to lower the risk of coronary heart disease. It can be found in sources such as flaxseed, chia seeds, and fatty fish.

Question 12

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that total fat intake should not exceed __________ of total calories and saturated fat intake be limited to _______ of total calories.

Accepted Answer

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that total fat intake should not exceed 35% of total calories and saturated fat intake be limited to 10% of total calories. Option A is incorrect because the recommended limit for saturated fat intake is 10% and not 1%. Option B is incorrect because the recommended total fat intake limit is 35% and not 20%. Option D is incorrect because the recommended total fat intake limit is 35% and not 50%.

Question 13

All the following are good sources of omega 3 fatty acids EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

Avocados are primarily a good source of monounsaturated fats, not omega-3 fatty acids. Walnuts, salmon, and flaxseed oil are rich in omega-3s.

Question 14

Lingual lipase breaks down ________.

Accepted Answer

Lingual lipase breaks down triglycerides.

Question 15

Mike has been told to reduce his fat intake to less than 30% of his total calories.It has been recommended to him that he consume an average of 2000 calories per day.How many grams of fat should he consume per day?

Accepted Answer

Based on the given information, Mike should consume less than 30% of his total calories from fat and average 2000 calories per day. Using the formula, (2000 x 0.30) / 9 = 67 g, it can be determined that Mike should consume approximately 67 grams of fat per day. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.

Question 16

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest proportion of protein?

Accepted Answer

HDL (High-density lipoprotein) has the highest proportion of protein among the given lipoproteins. It is also known as "good cholesterol" as it helps in transporting excess cholesterol from the peripheral tissues to the liver for elimination from the body. HDL contains approximately 50% protein by weight, which is higher than the other lipoproteins.

Question 17

Ergosterol is a type of sterol found in ________.

Accepted Answer

Ergosterol is a type of sterol found in plants. Specifically, it is synthesized by fungi and is commonly found in yeast and mushrooms.

Question 18

According to guidelines from the American Heart Association for the general population, saturated fats ________.

Accepted Answer

According to the American Heart Association guidelines for the general population, saturated fats should constitute no more than 7% of total energy in the diet.

Question 19

Most experts agree that dietary cholesterol intake should be limited to _______mg per day.

Accepted Answer

Most health organizations recommend limiting dietary cholesterol intake to 300 mg per day for the general population to help maintain healthy cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.

Question 20

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are the principal transport vehicle for _______ in the blood.

Accepted Answer

LDL is commonly referred to as "bad cholesterol" because it carries cholesterol from the liver to cells throughout the body, where it can contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries.

Quiz 6: Lipids