Question 1

Which antihypertensive drug would you teach a patient is considered safe for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Many drugs are not considered safe for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.Methyldopa,a centrally acting adrenergic drug,has been used safely during both pregnancy and breastfeeding to treat hypertension.Hydralazine (Apresoline),a direct vasodilator,has also been used safely during both pregnancy and breastfeeding.However,small amounts of hydralazine pass into breast milk,putting infants at minimal risk for side effects.

Question 2

A patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is taking carvedilol (Coreg).What special precaution should you teach the patient to take when taking this drug?

Accepted Answer

Carvedilol is an alpha-beta blocker drug.These drugs can cause elevated blood glucose levels,so you should teach a patient with diabetes to monitor blood glucose levels regularly.

Question 3

Which statements are true about blood pressure? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Systolic blood pressure is the pressure of blood against the artery walls when the heart contracts.Diastolic blood pressure represents pressure against artery walls when the heart relaxes.The cause of primary hypertension is unknown while secondary hypertension is caused by another health problem or drug.

Question 4

A hospitalized patient prescribed nifedipine XL (Procardia)60 mg once a day informs you that at home he was taking nicardipine (Cardene)20 mg three times a day and thinks this is the wrong drug.What is your best action?

Accepted Answer

Because of the patient's question,it is essential to contact the prescriber to clarify the order.Both nifedipine and nicardipine are calcium channel blockers but may not be substituted for each other.Nifedipine XL is an extended release form of the drug that only needs to be taken once a day.

Question 5

Which conditions or drugs can cause secondary hypertension? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Secondary hypertension is the result of other health problems or drugs.Table 16-2 in the text lists the health problems and drugs that can cause secondary hypertension.

Question 6

A patient who weighs 220 lb is to receive labetalol 0.25 mg/kg intravenously.The solution of labetalol on hand is 100 mg/20 mL.How many milliliters of labetalol will you prepare for a correct dose?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient who weighs 220 lb is...

Question 7

You are teaching a patient who has just been prescribed prazosin (Minipress)for hypertension.You immediately notify the prescriber and question the order upon discovering that the patient is also taking which drug?

Accepted Answer

Sildenafil is a drug for erectile dysfunction and works by dilating blood vessels.When taken with an alpha blocker,sildenafil can cause a very rapid drop in blood pressure to the extent that the patient may fall or pass out.

Question 8

A patient who is taking nicardipine (Cardene)develops skin lesions,itching,fever,and achy joints.What is your best first action?

Accepted Answer

An adverse effect of calcium channel blocker drugs is Stevens-Johnson syndrome (erythema multiforme),a skin disorder from an allergic reaction.It causes damage to blood vessels of the skin.Symptoms include many different types of skin lesions,itching,fever,joint aching,and generally feeling ill.

Question 9

You are teaching a patient how to administer clonidine (Catapres)using the transdermal patch system.How often do you teach the patient to change the patch?

Accepted Answer

The nature of the clonidine patch delivers a low dose of the drug continually from the patch for 7 days.After 7 days,minimal drug is left in the patch and the patient will no longer receive a therapeutic dose.To ensure a continual therapeutic dose,the patch is removed after 7 days and a fresh one applied.

Question 10

Which statement by a patient prescribed enalapril (Vasotec)indicates the need for additional teaching?

Accepted Answer

Teach patients to avoid salt substitutes.Salt substitutes contain potassium,and a side effect of ACE inhibitors is increased blood potassium level (hyperkalemia).

Question 11

A patient with hypertension is prescribed terazosin (Hytrin).When should you administer the first dose of this drug to the patient?

Accepted Answer

Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect of the first dose of an alpha blocker drug.You should give the first dose at bedtime and caution the patient not to get up without assistance.

Question 12

A 33-year-old female patient is currently taking captopril (Capoten)and metoprolol (Lopressor)to control her blood pressure.She tells you that she plans to become pregnant.What should you teach the patient about the use of this drug during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors should not be prescribed for women who are pregnant.They can cause low blood pressure,severe kidney failure,increased potassium,and even death in a newborn when used after the first trimester of pregnancy.

Question 13

A child who weighs 68 lb and has very high blood pressure as a result of an adrenal gland tumor is prescribed a STAT dose of oral prazosin (Minipress)at 200 mcg/kg.You have on hand prazosin 2 mg/capsule.How many capsules will you administer to this child?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child who weighs 68 lb and...

Question 14

An adult patient is prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor)50 mg orally twice a day.Metoprolol is available in 100 mg tablets.How many tablets will you give for each dose?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An adult patient is prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor)50...

Quiz 16: Drug Therapy for Hypertension

Which antihypertensive drug would you teach a patient is considered safe for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

A patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is taking carvedilol (Coreg) .What special precaution should you teach the patient to take when taking this drug?

Which statements are true about blood pressure? (select all that apply)

A hospitalized patient prescribed nifedipine XL (Procardia) 60 mg once a day informs you that at home he was taking nicardipine (Cardene) 20 mg three times a day and thinks this is the wrong drug.What is your best action?

Which conditions or drugs can cause secondary hypertension? (select all that apply)

A patient who weighs 220 lb is to receive labetalol 0.25 mg/kg intravenously.The solution of labetalol on hand is 100 mg/20 mL.How many milliliters of labetalol will you prepare for a correct dose?

You are teaching a patient who has just been prescribed prazosin (Minipress) for hypertension.You immediately notify the prescriber and question the order upon discovering that the patient is also taking which drug?

A patient who is taking nicardipine (Cardene) develops skin lesions,itching,fever,and achy joints.What is your best first action?

You are teaching a patient how to administer clonidine (Catapres) using the transdermal patch system.How often do you teach the patient to change the patch?

Which statement by a patient prescribed enalapril (Vasotec) indicates the need for additional teaching?

A patient with hypertension is prescribed terazosin (Hytrin) .When should you administer the first dose of this drug to the patient?

A 33-year-old female patient is currently taking captopril (Capoten) and metoprolol (Lopressor) to control her blood pressure.She tells you that she plans to become pregnant.What should you teach the patient about the use of this drug during pregnancy?

A child who weighs 68 lb and has very high blood pressure as a result of an adrenal gland tumor is prescribed a STAT dose of oral prazosin (Minipress)at 200 mcg/kg.You have on hand prazosin 2 mg/capsule.How many capsules will you administer to this child?

An adult patient is prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor)50 mg orally twice a day.Metoprolol is available in 100 mg tablets.How many tablets will you give for each dose?