Elizabeth is 5 years old, and she wants to show her independence and initiative by helping her mother when it is time for dinner. But Elizabeth's mother doesn't allow her to help. Based on Erikson's theory, Elizabeth may develop:

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According to Erikson's theory, if a child's initiative is not encouraged, they may develop feelings of guilt. At Elizabeth's age, she is in the "initiative vs. guilt" stage, where children assert themselves more frequently and if their efforts are dismissed, they may feel guilty about their desires and actions.

Elizabeth Is 5 Years Old, and She Wants to Show