Question 1

According to your text,a positive outlook is associated with:
A) better health
B) a longer life
C) a higher income
D) A, B, and C

Accepted Answer

The text states that a positive outlook is associated with better health, a longer life, and potentially higher income levels. Therefore, the best choice is D, as it includes all three options.

Question 2

Dewey just won the lottery-big-time.One year from now,he will likely be:
A) ecstatic
B) broke
C) depressed
D) about as happy as he is now

Accepted Answer

Research on happiness and adaptation suggests that people tend to return to their baseline level of happiness after experiencing significant life events, a phenomenon known as the hedonic treadmill.

Question 3

Your text describes a study of optimism and health (Peterson et al.,1998)in which participants were first interviewed in the late 1930s and then assessed periodically over the next 50 years.Your knowledge of developmental psychology allows you to identify this as a _______ study.
A) naturalistic
B) longitudinal
C) predictive
D) sequential

Accepted Answer

This study is longitudinal because it followed the participants over a long period of time, periodically assessing them. It is not naturalistic because the researchers were actively measuring and manipulating variables. It is not predictive because the study was not focused on making predictions about future outcomes. It is not sequential because there were no overlapping cohorts or age groups being studied at the same time.

Question 4

Together,our health,wealth,and life circumstance account for about ____% of our overall level of happiness.
A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 50%
E) 75%

Accepted Answer

The answer of Together,our health,wealth,and life circumstance account for about...

Question 5

Based on the definitions of optimism and self-efficacy,one might expect a(n)________ correlation between scores on measures of the two constructs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the definitions of optimism and...

Question 6

Social support counteracts stress both by providing a source of tangible help and by helping us feel better about ourselves: these are the _______ and ______ effects of social support,respectively.
A) direct; indirect
B) direct; appreciation
C) immediate; indirect
D) immediate; appreciation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social support counteracts stress both by providing...

Question 7

Combined,our health,wealth,and life circumstances account for only a small portion of our happiness.

Accepted Answer

According to research, genetics, personal disposition, and relationships with others have a bigger impact on our happiness than external factors such as health, wealth, and life circumstances.

Question 8

With respect to stress and coping,social support is related to:
A) faster recovery from negative events
B) less depression
C) a lower probability of suicide
D) A, B, and C

Accepted Answer

Social support has been found to have numerous benefits for individuals experiencing stress and adversity, including faster recovery from negative events, lower levels of depression, and a lower probability of suicide. Studies have consistently shown that individuals who have access to a strong network of social support, whether it be from family, friends, or community groups, tend to be better equipped to cope with challenging situations and experience better mental health outcomes.

Question 9

Jamie has many positive relationships with other people; that is,he has ample _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jamie has many positive relationships with other...

Question 10

With respect to happiness,social support is:
A) surprisingly unimportant
B) one of many equally-important influences
C) one of the less important factors
D) one of the most important factors

Accepted Answer

Social support is considered one of the most important factors in determining happiness. Studies have consistently shown that individuals who have strong social connections and support tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives than those who do not. Social support provides emotional and practical help in times of need, reduces stress levels, and promotes a sense of belonging and identity.

Question 11

When faced with stressors,___________ individuals stay positive,take direct action,and look forward to the learning experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When faced with stressors,___________ individuals stay positive,take...

Question 12

People aren't good at predicting how happy they will be in the future.Why is this
A) People overestimate their emotional reactions to specific events.
B) As people's lives change, their bases for social comparisons change accordingly.
C) Despite the impact of specific events on people's lives, much of life remains the same as time goes by.
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

All of these are reasons why people aren't good at predicting how happy they will be in the future. People overestimate their emotional reactions to specific events, as the impact of specific events on people's lives may not be as significant as they had anticipated. As people's lives change, their bases for social comparisons change accordingly, and this can affect their perceptions of their own happiness. Additionally, much of life remains the same as time goes by, and people may not anticipate how their perceptions of happiness will change as a result of this.

Question 13

Having positive relationships with others is termed __________.
A) social efficacy
B) appreciative capital
C) a social network
D) social support

Accepted Answer

Positive relationships with others provide social support, which includes emotional, informational, and instrumental support, and can lead to better mental and physical health outcomes. A, B, and C are not specific terms used to describe positive relationships.

Question 14

Celia must fly home; there's been a family tragedy."You don't need to worry about a thing.I'll feed your cat and watch your apartment," offers Eva."You're strong; I know you can get through this," adds Lynette.Eva's response illustrates the ________ effects of social support.Lynette's remark demonstrates the _______ effects of social support.
A) explicit; appreciation
B) explicit; implicit
C) direct; indirect
D) direct; appreciation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Celia must fly home; there's been a...

Question 15

Brickman et al.(1978)examined the happiness of a group of lottery winners,as well as that of a group of individuals who had been paralyzed in accidents.What did they find
A) Both groups were about as happy as people who had neither won the lottery nor suffered paralyzing accidents.
B) Both groups were actually happier than people who had neither won the lottery nor suffered paralyzing accidents.
C) Both groups were actually less happy as people who had neither won the lottery nor suffered paralyzing accidents.
D) The lottery winners were happier than people who had not won the lottery; the accident victims were less happy than were control participants.

Accepted Answer

Brickman et al. (1978) found that both lottery winners and individuals who had been paralyzed in accidents were about as happy as people who had neither experienced these extreme events. This suggests that people tend to return to a baseline level of happiness regardless of major positive or negative life events.

Question 16

A research assistant is preparing a graph showing personal income and happiness in industrialized nations from the 1940s through the 1990s.How should the graph look
A) The line depicting personal income should be positively sloped. The line depicting happiness should be negatively sloped.
B) The line depicting personal income should be positively sloped. The line depicting happiness should be more or less horizontal.
C) The line depicting personal income should be positively sloped. The line depicting happiness should also be positively sloped, but slightly less steeply.
D) The line depicting personal income should be more or less horizontal. The line depicting happiness should be negatively sloped.

Accepted Answer

Studies and surveys have generally shown that while personal income in industrialized nations has increased over time (indicating a positive slope), happiness levels have not shown a significant increase and tend to remain relatively stable (indicating a more or less horizontal line). This reflects the concept that beyond a certain point, increases in income do not correspond with significant increases in perceived happiness.

Question 17

Controlling the stressors around us reduces their impact; simply believing we can control them does little to mitigate the stress we feel.

Accepted Answer

Believing that we have control over the stressors in our lives can actually help reduce the stress we feel, as perception of control is a significant factor in how we manage and respond to stress.

Question 18

When we feel apprehensive,our friends tell us,"I know you: You can do it." This illustrates a direct effect of social support.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When we feel apprehensive,our friends tell us,"I...

Question 19

Happiness is ______ influenced by money and _______ influenced by major life events than we might think.
A) more; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) less; more

Accepted Answer

The answer of Happiness is ______ influenced by money and...

Question 20

Your text states that,"after controlling for loneliness,marital status,economic status,and other correlates of health,Levy and Myers found that older adults with positive attitudes and higher self-efficacy had better health .Your knowledge of research methods allows you to identify loneliness,marital status,and economic status as ___________ variables.
A) confounding
B) outcome
C) independent
D) curvilinear

Accepted Answer

Confounding variables are variables that are related to both the independent and dependent variables, making it difficult to determine the true relationship between the two. In this case, loneliness, marital status, and economic status may be related to both attitudes and self-efficacy (the independent variables) and health (the dependent variable), and therefore could potentially confound the relationship between attitudes/self-efficacy and health.

Quiz 10: Schemas: Piagets Cognitive Development

According to your text,a positive outlook is associated with:

Dewey just won the lottery-big-time.One year from now,he will likely be:

Your text describes a study of optimism and health (Peterson et al.,1998) in which participants were first interviewed in the late 1930s and then assessed periodically over the next 50 years.Your knowledge of developmental psychology allows you to identify this as a _______ study.

Together,our health,wealth,and life circumstance account for about ____% of our overall level of happiness.

Based on the definitions of optimism and self-efficacy,one might expect a(n)________ correlation between scores on measures of the two constructs.

Social support counteracts stress both by providing a source of tangible help and by helping us feel better about ourselves: these are the _ and effects of social support,respectively.

Combined,our health,wealth,and life circumstances account for only a small portion of our happiness.

With respect to stress and coping,social support is related to:

Jamie has many positive relationships with other people; that is,he has ample _________.

With respect to happiness,social support is:

When faced with stressors,___________ individuals stay positive,take direct action,and look forward to the learning experience.

People aren't good at predicting how happy they will be in the future.Why is this

Having positive relationships with others is termed __________.

Brickman et al.(1978) examined the happiness of a group of lottery winners,as well as that of a group of individuals who had been paralyzed in accidents.What did they find

A research assistant is preparing a graph showing personal income and happiness in industrialized nations from the 1940s through the 1990s.How should the graph look

Controlling the stressors around us reduces their impact; simply believing we can control them does little to mitigate the stress we feel.

When we feel apprehensive,our friends tell us,"I know you: You can do it." This illustrates a direct effect of social support.

Happiness is influenced by money and _ influenced by major life events than we might think.