Question 1

Aronson and Mills (1959)found that an initiation:

Accepted Answer

Aronson and Mills (1959) found that an initiation increased liking for the group. This is known as the "effort-justification effect," where people value a group more after they have invested effort or gone through a difficult experience to become a member.

Question 2

If you are exhibiting the self-serving bias,which would be your most likely explanation for a poor grade on the test

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you are exhibiting the self-serving bias,which...

Question 3

The foot-in-the-door method of persuasion relies on the process of self-perception.

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door method of persuasion involves starting with a small request, which, once granted, leads to a larger request. This technique works by getting people to see themselves as helpful or committed to a cause, which is based on the process of self-perception.

Question 4

A relatively enduring evaluation of people,events,or objects is termed an ___________.

Accepted Answer

The term that best fits the description given is attitude. Attitudes are relatively enduring evaluations of people, events, or objects that influence our thoughts, feelings, and behavior. While attributions, impressions, and appraisals are related concepts, they are not as broad or enduring as attitudes.

Question 5

Physical attractiveness may be the most important determinant of our initial liking for someone.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that physical attractiveness is often the first impression that people have of someone and it can play a significant role in determining their initial liking for that person. Studies have shown that people tend to be more drawn to others who are physically attractive, and this preference can have an impact on how they evaluate other traits, such as intelligence or personality. However, it is important to note that physical attractiveness is just one factor that can influence our liking for others, and it is not the only or the most important factor in forming meaningful long-term relationships.

Question 6

The term appraisal is used to refer to the process whereby we judge the causes of our own or other people's behavior.

Accepted Answer

The term appraisal is more commonly associated with the process of evaluating the value of something, such as property or goods. When referring to judging the causes of our own or other people's behavior, the term "attribution" is more accurate.

Question 7

According to cognitive dissonance theory,which of the following individuals would be most likely to rate the same concert as enjoyable

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that individuals who make a significant effort or endure hardship for an event (like waiting 7 hours in the rain for tickets) are more likely to rate the event positively to justify their investment.

Question 8

Aronson and Mills (1959)conducted a classic study of ___________ during a group initiation process.

Accepted Answer

Aronson and Mills conducted a classic study on cognitive dissonance during a group initiation process, which involved participants undergoing an embarrassing and difficult initiation process to join a group. The participants who went through this painful process rated the group more positively than those who did not undergo the initiation, indicating that they experienced cognitive dissonance by justifying the effort they put into the initiation by valuing the group more.

Question 9

Research has found that when people are in front of an audience their performance improves on easy tasks but gets worse on tasks.One explanation for this is that

Accepted Answer

Increased arousal, which can be caused by being in front of an audience, increases the likelihood of the dominant response. This means that if the task is easy, the dominant response will be the correct one, leading to improved performance. However, if the task is difficult or unfamiliar, the dominant response may be incorrect, leading to poorer performance.

Question 10

We overestimate situational factors in judging other people's behavior.

Accepted Answer

We tend to underestimate situational factors and overestimate dispositional (personality) factors in judging others' behavior, a phenomenon known as the fundamental attribution error.

Question 11

A magazine publisher asks you to commit to a brief trial subscription.Having committed to the trial subscription,you may be more likely to buy a full year-long subscription.This exemplifies the ___________ persuasion technique.

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door persuasion technique involves getting someone to agree to a small request or commitment, such as a trial subscription, in order to increase the likelihood of them agreeing to a larger request, such as a year-long subscription.

Question 12

Social psychologist Leon Festinger is associated with the study of:

Accepted Answer

Leon Festinger is best known for his work on cognitive dissonance, which is the psychological discomfort experienced by a person who holds two or more contradictory beliefs or values. He conducted the famous "Festinger and Carlsmith study" in which participants were asked to perform a boring task and then lie to a new participant and say that the task was enjoyable. They were then paid either $1 or $20 to do so. Those paid $1 experienced significantly more cognitive dissonance than those paid $20, because they had to convince themselves that they actually enjoyed the task and the small payment was not the actual reason for their lying.

Question 13

Our behavior can sometimes drive our attitudes.

Accepted Answer

Our behaviors can influence our attitudes and beliefs over time, through cognitive dissonance and self-perception theory.

Question 14

Some people are good at regulating their behavior to meet the demands of social situations.Which of the following statements is accurate with respect to such individuals

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some people are good at regulating their...

Question 15

One can form an accurate impression of another person within 30 seconds.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that people form initial impressions of others within the first 30 seconds of meeting them. This is based on nonverbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, tone of voice, and appearance. However, it is important to note that first impressions can be influenced by biases and may not always be accurate or fair.

Question 16

Prejudice is to behavior as discrimination is to attitude.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice refers to attitudes or beliefs about a group of people, while discrimination refers to the action or behavior based on those attitudes. Therefore, the statement should be: prejudice is to attitude as discrimination is to behavior.

Question 17

If we do well on a test,we say,"I got an A!" If we do poorly,we say,"She gave me an F." This best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

This behavior is an example of self-serving attributions, where individuals attribute their successes to internal or personal factors while attributing failures to external factors beyond their control.

Question 18

Which of the following social psychological concepts is potentially MOST relevant to a plausible explanation of the foot-in-the-door effect

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door effect involves the tendency for people to comply with a large request after first agreeing to a smaller request. This type of behavior can create cognitive dissonance, which is the uncomfortable feeling of holding two or more conflicting beliefs, attitudes, or values. In this case, a person may feel that they must be consistent with their initial agreement and comply with the larger request in order to reduce the cognitive dissonance.

Question 19

Passion is the most important ingredient of a close relationship.

Accepted Answer

While passion is important, trust, communication, respect, and mutual understanding are also crucial ingredients for a close and healthy relationship.

Question 20

Evaluations of a particular person,behavior,belief,or concept are termed ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evaluations of a particular person,behavior,belief,or concept are...

Quiz 14: Psychology Advising

Aronson and Mills (1959) found that an initiation: