Question 1

Cells located within the cytochrome oxidase blobs of striate cortex play a key role in

Accepted Answer

Cytochrome oxidase blobs in the striate cortex are specifically associated with processing color information, playing a crucial role in color vision.

Question 2

The perception of depth cue that is provided by input from both eyes is termed

Accepted Answer

Stereopsis is the depth perception that is provided by input from both eyes, allowing us to perceive the depth and three-dimensional structure of the environment. Atmospheric haze refers to the blurring or fading of distant objects due to air particles, relative retinal size is a cue to size and distance based on the size of the image on the retina, perspective is a cue to depth based on the convergence of parallel lines, and color vision is the ability to detect and distinguish colors.

Question 3

The modules of primary visual cortex project their information mostly to

Accepted Answer

The modules of primary visual cortex project their information mostly to the extrastriate cortex, which includes various areas that process different aspects of visual information. The other options listed do not receive direct projections from primary visual cortex.

Question 4

Imagine that a scientist has discovered a nerve toxin that selectively destroys the columns of neurons that lie within the blob regions of striate cortex modules.Which of the following would you expect to be most profoundly impaired by this toxin?

Accepted Answer

Assuming that a nerve toxin can selectively destroy the columns of neurons that lie within the blob regions of striate cortex modules,one would expect color to be most profoundly impaired by this toxin.

Question 5

In thinking of the pathways taken by visual information within the association cortex,the ventral stream projects to the ________ and is involved in ________.

Accepted Answer

The ventral stream projects to the inferior temporal cortex and is involved in the analysis of object identity, which involves deciding on the "what" of an object.

Question 6

The neurons of area ______ are important for the analysis of color.

Accepted Answer

The neurons of area V4 are important for the analysis of color. V4 is a region of the visual cortex that is involved in color perception and is responsible for the processing of color information from the eyes. Studies have shown that lesions to V4 result in color blindness, or the inability to distinguish between different colors.

Question 7

Tasks that involve identification of an object would be expected to activate neurons of the ________,while tasks that identify the location of an object would activate the ________.

Accepted Answer

Tasks that involve identification of an object would be expected to activate neurons of the ventral stream,while tasks that identify the location of an object would activate the dorsal stream.

Question 8

Cerebral achromatopsia refers to

Accepted Answer

Cerebral achromatopsia is a specific type of color vision loss that results from damage to the cerebral cortex, rather than the eyes themselves. People with cerebral achromatopsia may see the world as shades of gray or may have difficulty distinguishing between colors. It is often accompanied by other visual impairments, such as difficulty with object recognition and reading.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of achromatopsia?

Accepted Answer

Achromatopsia is produced by damage to area V8 of the visual association cortex.

Question 10

The central region of a module of the primary visual cortex that is revealed by a stain for the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome oxidase is termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

The central region of a module of the primary visual cortex that is revealed by a stain for the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome oxidase is called a "blob." This staining technique reveals clusters of neurons that are involved in color processing. The term "extra-blob region" is used for the surrounding area, and the terms "ganglion cell," "simple cell," and "complex unit" describe other types of cells in the visual pathway.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the human magnocellular visual system?

Accepted Answer

The magnocellular visual system is responsible for processing visual information related to movement perception, perception of large objects, brightness perception, and depth perception through retinal disparity. However, it is not responsible for color vision, which is processed by the parvocellular visual system.

Question 12

Retinal disparity is necessary for

Accepted Answer

The answer of Retinal disparity is necessary for
...

Question 13

Information from the red and green ganglion cells is transmitted through the ________ layers of the LGN to the ________ of the striate cortex.

Accepted Answer

Information from red and green ganglion cells is transmitted through the parvocellular layers of the LGN to the cytochrome oxidase blob regions of the striate cortex.

Question 14

Area V4 of primate extrastriate cortex is critical for the analysis of

Accepted Answer

Area V4 of primate extrastriate cortex is critical for the analysis of color constancy.

Question 15

The neurons from the parvocellular and magnocellular layers of the primate lateral geniculate send their information to layer(s)______ of the striate cortex.

Accepted Answer

The neurons from the parvocellular and magnocellular layers of the primate lateral geniculate nucleus primarily send their information to layer 4C of the striate cortex. This layer acts as a major recipient of visual information relayed from the eye to the brain.

Question 16

Area V6 of human extrastriate cortex is critical for the analysis of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Area V6 of human extrastriate cortex is...

Question 17

Most neurons between the blob regions of a striate cortex module are sensitive to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The blob regions of the striate cortex module are responsible for processing color information, so it is likely that neurons between the blob regions would also be sensitive to color. Therefore, option C is the exception. Neurons in this module are known to be sensitive to retinal disparity, orientation, spatial frequency, and movement.

Question 18

Imagine that you are looking at a bronze cast depicting the face of Mick Jagger and a second cast showing the face of Casper the Ghost.Which of the following statements would be true of the spatial frequencies represented in these casts?

Accepted Answer

Imagine that you are looking at a bronze cast depicting the face of Mick Jagger and a second cast showing the face of Casper the Ghost.Mick's face contains many high-frequency elements.

Question 19

In thinking of the pathways taken by visual information within the association cortex,the dorsal stream projects to the ________ and is involved in ________.

Accepted Answer

The dorsal stream projects to the parietal association cortex and is involved in the analysis of where an object is located in space.

Question 20

Which of the following is a binocular cue for depth perception?

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in the images received by the two eyes, which allows the brain to perceive depth and create a 3D image. The other options listed are monocular cues, which only require one eye to perceive depth.

Quiz 6: Vision