Question 1

In the Constitution of the United States,American leaders based the federal government on popular sovereignty,and they agreed to follow this written constitution that guaranteed individual liberties.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The Constitution is based on the principle of popular sovereignty, which means that the authority of the government is derived from the people. Additionally, the Constitution contains the Bill of Rights, which guarantees individual liberties such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press.

Question 2

Compare and contrast the philosophies of Metternich and Bismarck.What ideals drove them? Why would Metternich view nationalism as such a threat?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Examine Locke's notion of the social contract.How does it relate to the "divine right" theory of kingship? How does it relate to these revolutions? What important Enlightenment ideas played a key role in these revolutions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examine Locke's notion of the social contract.How...

Question 4

The Declaration of Independence drew deep inspiration from Enlightenment political thought in justifying the colonies' quest for independence.

Accepted Answer

The Declaration of Independence was heavily influenced by Enlightenment political thought and rhetoric, as it drew upon ideas of natural rights, popular sovereignty, and the social contract theory to justify the colonies' separation from Great Britain. These ideas had been advanced by Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke, Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and were embraced by American revolutionaries as they sought to create a new democratic republic.

Question 5

Discuss the Haitian uprising.In what ways is this event an expression of the ideals of the Enlightenment? In what ways did Haiti go further than the American or French revolutions? Look at the picture of the slave rebellion in Saint-Dominique on page 650.Why would the artist portray this image? Compare the Haitian revolution to the other revolutionary movements in Latin America.Who were the leading figures? What were their main goals?

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Discuss the origins of the American revolution.How did the American colonies go from happy British citizens to conscious revolutionaries? How did the American colonies win their freedom? How did the American revolution inspire other revolutionary movements?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Discuss the significance of the Declaration of Independence.What were Jefferson's main influences? What were his main arguments? How influential was the Declaration of Independence? Compare it to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the significance of the Declaration of...

Question 8

Was Napoleon a child of the French revolution or the absolute antithesis of it? What were Napoleon's goals? Why was he successful,and why did he eventually fail? Was he a reformer or just a dictator? Was he a child of the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Was Napoleon a child of the French...

Question 9

Napoleon Bonaparte was a brilliant military leader who became a general at age twenty-four.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Napoleon Bonaparte became a general at the young age of twenty-four due to his strategic tactics and leadership skills.

Question 10

In her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen,Olympe de Gouges wrote,"Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights." Why did she choose this exact wording? What was the foundation for her argument? What were her main points? Compare her document to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.Did her document prove that the French revolution had failed? How was her life representative of the role of women in the French revolution? What role did women play in those events? (Both documents are presented as Sources from the Past features in the text.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of In her Declaration of the Rights of...

Question 11

ensured that Britain world dominate global trade and that British colonies would prosper.

Accepted Answer

The British Empire was built on the premise of dominating global trade and the exploitation of its colonies for economic gain. Policies such as mercantilism were implemented to ensure that British goods were in demand and that the colonies were a source of raw materials and markets for finished products. This strategy did lead to the prosperity of Britain and its colonies, but it also had a negative impact on the economies and societies of the colonized nations.

Question 12

Otto von Bismarck proposed that "the great questions of the day will not be settled by speeches or majority votes ...but by blood and iron." What did Bismarck mean by this statement? Were his words proven true by the actions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries? Discuss the philosophy and actions of Otto von Bismarck.

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Question 13

Read the excerpts from The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (see Textbook: Sources from the Past: Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen).What ideals of the Enlightenment are expressed? How revolutionary was this document? How can the influence of Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence be seen?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Read the excerpts from The Declaration of...

Question 14

Many thinkers of the Enlightenment affirmed the legal and social privileges enjoyed by the aristocrats of the seventeenth and eighteenth century.

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment was marked by a rejection of traditional social hierarchies and an emphasis on individual rights and equality. Many Enlightenment thinkers, such as Montesquieu and Rousseau, advocated for political and social reforms that challenged aristocratic privilege and power.

Question 15

Why did the French revolution turn against itself when the American revolution didn't? In what ways was the French revolution more radical than its American predecessor? How radical did the French revolution become? Could it be argued that the American revolution did turn against its roots? Were there limits to the social and political change in the American revolution?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen says that "the principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation." What point is being made here? What were the main inspirations of the writers of this document? How did this document-and its philosophy-influence other movements?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

The French revolution and the wars that followed it heightened feelings of national identity throughout Europe.

Accepted Answer

The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars stimulated nationalism throughout Europe, as people began to identify themselves primarily as members of their own nations rather than as subjects of an old royal dynasty or empire.

Question 18

One of the most influential concepts of modern political thought is the idea of the nation.

Accepted Answer

The idea of the nation has been a significant influence on political thought since the 18th century, and it continues to shape political discourse and policies around the world.

Question 19

French revolutionaries also drew inspiration from the Enlightenment; however,it was a less radical affair than the American revolution.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. The French Revolution was, in fact, more radical than the American Revolution in terms of its social, political, and ideological changes. While both revolutions were influenced by Enlightenment ideals, the French Revolution challenged traditional notions of hierarchy, absolute monarchy, and aristocracy, whereas the American Revolution focused on the issues of colonial rights and self-government.

Question 20

Simón Bolívar was inspired by Napoleon Bonaparte and took up arms against Spanish rule with the goal of creating a great confederation from former Spanish colonies.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 28: Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World