Question 1

In the spring before the leaves come out,maple trees are often tapped to collect sap to make syrup.The sugars were stored in the wood of the tree as starch and then released as temperatures rise above freezing in late winter.Which of the following best describes the original source of the sugars found in the sap?

Accepted Answer

Sugars stored through the winter must have been made by the plant during the previous growing season,since plants are autotrophs.Please see section 21.6 for more information.

Question 2

If a plant exhibits a pattern of indeterminate growth,it stops growing when it reaches mature size.

Accepted Answer

Indeterminate growth,common among plants but are among animals,keeps going season after season after season.Please see section 21.5 for more information.

Question 3

One way to kill a tree is to girdle it by cutting a groove a centimeter into the bark all around the trunk of the tree.The tree will typically survive that growing season,but will die over the winter.Why wouldn't girdling work on a large grass?

Accepted Answer

Girdling,to kill a plant,has to cut through all of the phloem,requiring that the phloem be in a ring,which is not the case in monocots such as grass.Please see section 21.6 for more information.

Question 4

A potato stores a lot of starch.Which tissue would you expect to be most abundant in a potato?

Accepted Answer

The ground tissue,or cortex,most of the metabolic activity occurs.Please see section 21.3 for more information.

Question 5

You drive a nail into a tree that is 10 feet tall,and come back 10 years later.The tree is now 30 feet tall,but the nail is the same distance from the ground.This is because the tree grows up from

Accepted Answer

Elongation only occurs at apical meristems.Please see section 21.5 for more information.

Question 6

If a friend gave you a culinary herb that,season after season,produced no woody growth,you could call it an herbaceous plant.

Accepted Answer

Herbaceous plants can contain at most a small amount of woody tissue.Please see section 21.1 for more information.

Question 7

One way to kill a tree is to girdle it by cutting a groove a centimeter into the bark all around the trunk of the tree.The tree will typically survive that growing season,but will die over the winter.Which is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

Girdling can occur by accident when a weed trimmer or lawn mower cuts the phloem on a small tree.Please see sections 21.3 and 21.6 for more information.

Question 8

The three main types of tissue formed by plant cells are ground tissue,dermal tissue,and vascular tissue.

Accepted Answer

The epidermal tissue is on the outside of the plant body,and the vascular tissue is on the inside.Please see section 2131 for more information.

Question 9

On a hot sunny day,which of the following would help protect a plant from water loss?

Accepted Answer

The cuticle is a waxy coating that prevents water loss,and the stomata help control water loss during times of photosynthesis.Please see section 21.4 for more information.

Question 10

Which best describes a compound leaf?

Accepted Answer

A compound leaf has the leaf blade broken into multiple units,each called a leaflet.Please see section 21.4 for more information.

Question 11

A tomato,a squash,or a bean: any one of these would be considered a fruit for which reason?

Accepted Answer

Fruits are the product of the carpels from a flower and contain at least one seed per fruit.Please see section 21.1 for more information.

Question 12

Vegetative edible plant parts include roots,fruits,stems,and tubers.

Accepted Answer

Edible plant parts may be so by design,as with fruits that seek animals to eat them and disperse their seeds,or by happy (for animals)accident.Please see section 21.1 for more information.

Question 13

Apoptosis is Greek for "dropping off" and refers to the programmed death of cells that attach the petiole to the stem.When these cells die in the fall,the leaves drop.Cells in which part of the plant are undergoing apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis during the fall involves the death of cells at the base of the petiole where the lead attaches to the stem.Please see section 21.5 for more information.

Question 14

Root hairs greatly increase the absorptive surface area of a root.

Accepted Answer

Root hairs are long and thin,which gives them a proportionally large surface area.Please see section 21.4 for more information.

Question 15

You drive a nail into a tree that is 10 feet tall,so that 5 inches of the nail are showing.You come back 10 years later.The tree is now 30 feet tall and only 3 inches of the nail are showing.This is because the tree grows out from

Accepted Answer

Lateral meristems divide parallel to the outside of the tree,creating new layers of cells and a wider trunk.Please see section 21.5 for more information.

Question 16

The shoot of a plant is the above-ground part of a plant.

Accepted Answer

Shoots are above-ground,though a few modified stems can be found below ground,as is the case for potato tubers.Please see sections 21.1 and 21.4 for more information.

Question 17

In a deciduous tree found in the north,which two seasons would contribute to tree rings?

Accepted Answer

Tree rings are caused by the annual combination of large-celled spring wood and small-celled summer wood,the variation in size being due to the variation in the availability of water.Please see section 21.5 for more information.

Question 18

If you cut a stalk of celery and put it in a glass of water containing red food coloring overnight,the next morning the celery will be red.Through what was the food coloring taken up?

Accepted Answer

Water containing coloring enters the xylem at the cut surface of the celery stalk and moves upward towards the leaf blade.Please see section 21.3 for more information.

Question 19

If you dug up a plant and found it to have fibrous roots,you would suspect it to be a monocots.

Accepted Answer

Monocots have fibrous root systems,while dicots have taproot systems.Please see section 21.4 for more information.

Question 20

Where would you expect to find sapwood in a cross section of a tree trunk?

Accepted Answer

Sapwood,the newest xylem cells which are still conducting water,in contrast to older,inactive heartwood,is found towards the outside since it is the ost recently produced and is closest to the vascular cambium.Please see section 21.5 for more information.

Quiz 21: Plant Form and Function