Question 1

Tsunami wavelengths can be as great as ____________.

Accepted Answer

Tsunami wavelengths can range from a few kilometers to over 500 kilometers, with some of the largest tsunamis having wavelengths of up to 840 kilometers, which is significantly longer than the other options given. Therefore, the best choice is D) 840 km.

Question 2

Prior to the 2004 event,the last major tsunami in the Indian Ocean struck in 1883 and killed about 36,000 people.This tsunami was caused by _________________.

Accepted Answer

The last major tsunami in the Indian Ocean, which occurred in 1883 and killed about 36,000 people, was caused by the collapse of Indonesia's Krakatoa volcano.

Question 3

The 1946 April Fool's Day tsunami at Hilo,Hawaii,was caused by an earthquake in ________.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Tsunami arrive as a series of several waves separated by periods typically in the _________ range.

Accepted Answer

Tsunamis arrive as a series of waves separated by periods typically in the 10-60 minute range, not seconds or hours. This characteristic can lead to the first wave not being the largest, and the danger can persist for hours after the initial wave.

Question 5

In 1964,12 people were killed during a tsunami at Crescent City,California.All of these fatalities were caused by the _______ wave,which was the highest in the series.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1964,12 people were killed during a...

Question 6

The great 1960 Chile earthquake (M 9.5)unleashed a tsunami that killed over 1,000 Chileans.These waves also killed 61 people in Hilo,Hawaii,14 hours after the earthquake,and another 185 people in ________,22.5 hours after the earthquake.

Accepted Answer

The distance between Chile and Japan is such that within 22.5 hours, the tsunami waves could have reached Japan, causing the death toll mentioned in the question. The other options are geographically too far away or do not have a coastline facing the direction of the tsunami.

Question 7

Tsunami are typically about _____ high in the open ocean,and 6-15 m high on reaching shallow water.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tsunami are typically about _____ high in...

Question 8

Tsunami are created by big "splashes" made in the deep ocean by all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Hurricanes do not create the necessary big "splashes" in the deep ocean to generate a tsunami. Tsunamis are typically caused by fault movements, volcanic eruptions, landslides, or meteor impacts.

Question 9

Tsunami typically have _________________________ relative to wind-blown waves.

Accepted Answer

Tsunamis typically have long periods and long wavelengths, which distinguishes them from the shorter periods and wavelengths of wind-blown waves. This characteristic allows tsunamis to travel across entire ocean basins with little energy loss.

Question 10

Tsunami is a Japanese word that means __________________.

Accepted Answer

According to the options given, the best choice for the meaning of the word tsunami is D) harbor wave.

Question 11

The great 1700 earthquake along the British Columbia,Washington,and Oregon coastline sent killer tsunami to ___________.

Accepted Answer

The great 1700 earthquake, also known as the Cascadia earthquake, generated a massive tsunami that crossed the Pacific Ocean and caused considerable damage in coastal Japan. This historical event is well-documented through Japanese records, which helped scientists determine the date of the earthquake.

Question 12

In 1868,the USS Wateree was carried several miles inland by a tsunami along the coast of ______.

Accepted Answer

The USS Wateree was carried several miles inland by a tsunami in 1868 along the coast of Chile.

Question 13

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed an estimated 245,000 people in ____ countries.

Accepted Answer

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami affected 13 countries, causing widespread devastation and resulting in an estimated 245,000 deaths.

Question 14

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was generated by a magnitude 9.2 earthquake along __________ off the shore of Sumatra.

Accepted Answer

The Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by a subduction zone earthquake off the coast of Sumatra. Subduction zones occur where one tectonic plate is sliding beneath another, and are responsible for many of the world's largest earthquakes and tsunamis.

Question 15

Most of the 245,000 deaths from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami occurred in _______.

Accepted Answer

Indonesia had the highest number of casualties with over 170,000 deaths, followed by Sri Lanka with over 30,000 deaths. Thailand and India both had around 10,000 deaths, while Bangladesh had a relatively small number of deaths.

Question 16

Earthquake-related tsunami are created by sub-sea fault movements with pronounced vertical offsets of the sea floor.Such movements occur most commonly along __________________.

Accepted Answer

Subduction zones are characterized by the movement of one tectonic plate being forced underneath another, resulting in a deep-sea subduction trench. These zones are associated with frequent earthquake activity, and the vertical displacement of the sea floor can generate seismic sea waves or tsunamis.

Question 17

The captain of a ship tells you that he once experienced a huge tsunami while sailing in the Pacific Ocean several hundred miles from any landmass.You decide that this sounds a little farfetched because __________________.

Accepted Answer

Tsunamis can occur in any ocean, but their height decreases and wavelength increases when they propagate into deep water. Therefore, tsunamis are rarely felt in deep water. This makes it unlikely that a huge tsunami could be experienced by a ship several hundred miles from any landmass.

Question 18

The great 1964 Alaska earthquake (M 9.2)set off a tsunami that killed 122 people along the state's sparsely populated coastline.This tsunami also killed 12 people in the state of _________.

Accepted Answer

The tsunami generated by the 1964 Alaska earthquake reached as far as California, where it resulted in the deaths of 12 people.

Question 19

The 1964 tsunami that killed 12 people at Crescent City,California,was caused by a major earthquake in _______________.

Accepted Answer

The 1964 tsunami that hit Crescent City, California was caused by the Great Alaska earthquake of 1964, which had a magnitude of 9.2 and is the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in North America. The earthquake triggered a series of tsunamis that caused significant damage and loss of life along the West Coast of the United States.

Question 20

Most tsunami travel at speeds of ____________ miles per hour.

Accepted Answer

Tsunamis can travel at speeds of 420-480 miles per hour in the open ocean, similar to the speed of a jet plane. This high speed is due to the large volume of water and energy involved.

Quiz 8: Tsunami Versus Wind-Caused Waves