Question 1

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terror organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

Accepted Answer

Group polarization refers to the phenomenon where individuals become more extreme in their beliefs and actions after discussing them with a group of like-minded individuals. In the case of using the Internet for recruiting individuals for terror organizations, individuals are likely to be exposed to extremist views and beliefs which can reinforce their own beliefs and ultimately lead to more extreme actions.

Question 3

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_______ became _______.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others is called

Accepted Answer

Social comparison theory suggests that people evaluate themselves by comparing themselves with others. This comparison can be upward (comparing oneself to someone who is perceived to be better) or downward (comparing oneself to someone who is perceived to be worse). This process of comparison helps individuals to evaluate their opinions and abilities based on the standards of social norms and expectations.

Question 5

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments for this position that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is best explained by

Accepted Answer

Maggie was exposed to new information during the discussion, which influenced her opinion. This is an example of informational influence processes.

Question 6

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Accepted Answer

Group polarization occurs due to informational and normative influences. Informational influences occur when group members share information and opinions with each other, which can enhance their own views, leading to more extreme or polarized group decisions. Normative influences occur when individuals conform to the group's social norms or expectations, leading to more extreme views to gain approval or acceptance from the group.

Question 7

Teresa has joined the campus Amnesty International Group and after attending a few of the meetings,now feels even more passionate about human rights.Social psychologists would explain the change in Teresa's opinions using

Accepted Answer

Group polarization occurs when individuals in a group with similar opinions have discussions that cause their opinions to become more extreme. In the case of Teresa joining the Amnesty International Group, her already existing passion for human rights may have been intensified through discussion with like-minded individuals, leading to a more extreme stance on the issue.

Question 8

Social comparison is more likely to sway responses on

Accepted Answer

Social comparison is more likely to influence value-laden judgments, as these judgments often lack clear objective criteria for evaluation and can vary considerably based on personal beliefs and values. In contrast, issues with a factual element, such as scientific or mathematical questions, are typically evaluated based on more objective criteria and are less likely to be influenced by social comparisons. Moderate issues may be more open to social influence than severe ones because they provide more room for subjective interpretation and personal biases to come into play. Finally, complex issues may be more difficult for people to process and evaluate on their own, making them more susceptible to social comparison effects.

Question 9

According to social comparison theory,we are most persuaded by

Accepted Answer

According to social comparison theory, we are most persuaded by people in our reference group. This is because we value their opinions and want to be accepted by the group. Experts and leaders may have influence, but they may not be part of our immediate reference group. People with different opinions may also have some influence but may not be as persuasive as those in our reference group.

Question 10

,it is human nature to want to evaluate our opinions by

Accepted Answer

Comparing ourselves with others is a natural way for us to evaluate our opinions and beliefs. We often use others' opinions as a benchmark for our own, which is why we seek out social validation and engage in debates and discussions with others. While designing tests of validity, introspection or studying scientific research can also help us evaluate our opinions, the most common way for us to do so is by comparing ourselves with others.

Question 11

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

Accepted Answer

Research initially suggested that group discussion led to a "risky shift," meaning that groups made riskier decisions than individuals would on their own. However, further research found that group polarization can occur in either a risky or cautious direction, and is not just limited to risky shift. Groupthink refers to the phenomenon of group members conforming to the group's decisions and not expressing their own opinions. Pluralistic ignorance is the belief that one's private attitudes are different from the attitudes of others in the group, leading to conformity with perceived group norms. Group moderation refers to the idea that group discussion leads to a more moderate decision than individuals would make on their own, which conflicts with the initial research on group polarization.

Question 12

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more polarization is best explained by

Accepted Answer

Informational influence processes occur when individuals conform to the opinions and beliefs of others because they view those opinions and beliefs as correct. As people engage in a discussion, they are exposed to a wider range of opinions and arguments, which can reinforce their pre-existing beliefs or lead them to adopt new beliefs. This can lead to polarization, as people become more convinced of their own beliefs and less willing to consider alternative viewpoints.

Question 13

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11^th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

Accepted Answer

Group polarization is the process by which individuals in a group become more extreme in their views when they interact with others who hold similar views. This can lead to the development of more extreme ideologies in terrorist organizations.

Question 14

On what issues do persuasive arguments sway responses?

Accepted Answer

The answer of On what issues do persuasive arguments sway...

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of group polarization in one's community?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 16

Students who join extracurricular groups on campus tend to find their attitudes regarding the groups' purpose increase if they stay in the group.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is an example of group polarization, where group members' attitudes become more extreme over time as they interact with others who share similar beliefs or values. In this case, students who stay in an extracurricular group may become more committed to the group's purpose and goals as they interact with other members who share their enthusiasm for the group.

Question 17

Which one of the following is NOT an explanation for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform better on simple or well-learned tasks when in the presence of others. It is not an explanation for group polarization. The other options are explanations for group polarization: informational influence refers to the tendency for group discussion to amplify the preexisting attitudes of group members, normative influence refers to the desire to be accepted and follow the norms of the group, and the desire to be accepted can influence individuals to conform to the attitudes and beliefs of the group.

Question 18

Group polarization occurs when group discussion _______ group members' initial inclinations.

Accepted Answer

Group polarization occurs when group discussion strengthens group members' initial inclinations. This means that after discussing a topic, the group's opinions or beliefs become more extreme than they were before. For example, if a group of individuals initially had a slightly negative viewpoint on a topic, after discussing it together, their opinions may become even more negative than before. This occurs because people in the group discuss and share information that reinforces their initial beliefs, causing them to become more extreme.

Question 19

The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own,suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring

Accepted Answer

Group polarization refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their members. In this case, people associating with others who have similar attitudes can lead to group polarization, as they reinforce and amplify each other's beliefs and behaviors.

Question 20

found that on federal appellate court cases,a Republican judge sitting with two other Republican judges voted _____ than when sitting with one Democratic judge.

Accepted Answer

The question suggests that the Republican judge is changing their voting behavior based on the presence of a Democratic judge. If they were consistently voting one way regardless of the composition of the panel, then the answer would be C. However, since there is a change in behavior, we must determine in which direction. The options are either more liberal or more conservative. Since the judge is a Republican, it is reasonable to assume that their baseline position is conservative. Therefore, when sitting with a Democratic judge, they are more likely to move towards the center or even slightly left (relative to their baseline) than if they were sitting with two other Republicans. Therefore, the answer is B, more conservatively.

Quiz 20: How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terror organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_ became _.

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others is called

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments for this position that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is best explained by

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Teresa has joined the campus Amnesty International Group and after attending a few of the meetings,now feels even more passionate about human rights.Social psychologists would explain the change in Teresa's opinions using

Social comparison is more likely to sway responses on

According to social comparison theory,we are most persuaded by

,it is human nature to want to evaluate our opinions by

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more polarization is best explained by

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11^th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

On what issues do persuasive arguments sway responses?

Which of the following is an example of group polarization in one's community?

Students who join extracurricular groups on campus tend to find their attitudes regarding the groups' purpose increase if they stay in the group.This is an example of

Which one of the following is NOT an explanation for group polarization?

Group polarization occurs when group discussion _______ group members' initial inclinations.

The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own,suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring

found that on federal appellate court cases,a Republican judge sitting with two other Republican judges voted _____ than when sitting with one Democratic judge.

Quiz 20: How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terror organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_______ became _______.

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others is called

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments for this position that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is best explained by

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Teresa has joined the campus Amnesty International Group and after attending a few of the meetings,now feels even more passionate about human rights.Social psychologists would explain the change in Teresa's opinions using

Social comparison is more likely to sway responses on

According to social comparison theory,we are most persuaded by

,it is human nature to want to evaluate our opinions by

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more polarization is best explained by

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

On what issues do persuasive arguments sway responses?

Which of the following is an example of group polarization in one's community?

Students who join extracurricular groups on campus tend to find their attitudes regarding the groups' purpose increase if they stay in the group.This is an example of

Which one of the following is NOT an explanation for group polarization?

Group polarization occurs when group discussion _______ group members' initial inclinations.

The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own,suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring

found that on federal appellate court cases,a Republican judge sitting with two other Republican judges voted _____ than when sitting with one Democratic judge.

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_ became _.

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11^th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of