Question 1

The list of all the people in a population of interest is called a:
A)voluntary response sample
B)representative sample
C)full population
D)sampling frame
E)probability sample

Accepted Answer

A sampling frame is a list of all the members in a population of interest, which is used to draw a sample. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Option A, voluntary response sample, refers to a biased sample where only those who choose to participate are included. Option B, representative sample, is a sample that reflects the characteristics of the population of interest and may be drawn from a sampling frame. Option C, full population, refers to the complete set of individuals or observations that the researcher is interested in studying, which may not be possible to gather in its entirety. Option E, probability sample, is a type of sampling where each member of the population has a known, non-zero probability of being selected in the sample, and it may also be drawn from a sampling frame.

Question 2

Because training interviewers and researchers to go out and conduct research in person can be expensive,researchers have started using ____ instead.
A)self-administered questionnaires
B)face-to-face interviews
C)telephone interviews
D)close-ended questionnaires
E)responsive questionnaires

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because training interviewers and researchers to go...

Question 3

Mr.Percival receives a survey from an automobile company asking him what kind of automobile he may be interested in buying in the next five to ten years.The survey came with a stamped self-addressed envelope to be sent back to the company's researcher.What kind of survey did Mr.Percival participate in?
A)self-administered questionnaire
B)face-to-face interview
C)telephone interview
D)close-ended questionnaire
E)response rate

Accepted Answer

Mr. Percival participated in a self-administered questionnaire as he received a survey with a stamped self-addressed envelope to be sent back to the company's researcher.

Question 4

If one variable changes as the other changes,the variables are said to be ____.
A)connected
B)independent
C)dependent
D)spurious
E)associated

Accepted Answer

When one variable changes as the other changes, the variables are said to be associated. This indicates a relationship or correlation between the two variables, but does not necessarily imply causation.

Question 5

In the film Kinsey,researcher Alfred Kinsey relied on what we today call a ____ of respondents.
A)sampling frame
B)probability sample
C)convenience sample
D)technology sample
E)all of these choices

Accepted Answer

In the film "Kinsey," researcher Alfred Kinsey relied on a convenience sample of respondents for his studies on human sexual behavior. This means he used a sample of participants that were readily available to him, rather than using a method that would ensure the sample was representative of the entire population.

Question 6

If a group of sociologists is interested in studying college students' attitudes toward the U.S.Congress,they will need to gather responses to a survey.However,it is not possible for the research group to ask all college students what they think.In order to generate a set of meaningful responses,the research group will have to design a survey that is based on a:
A)voluntary response sample
B)representative sample
C)full population
D)sampling frame
E)probability sample

Accepted Answer

A representative sample would be the best choice as it allows the research group to gather responses from a smaller group of students that accurately reflects the larger population of college students in terms of characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, etc. This will help ensure that the survey results are generalizable and not biased. The other choices, such as voluntary response sample or full population, may result in biased or incomplete data. A sampling frame is a list of potential survey respondents, while a probability sample is a type of representative sample that uses a random selection process.

Question 7

According to Brym and Lie,one of the largest threats to the validity of survey research findings is which of the following?
A)overcounting
B)superlative counting
C)researcher bias
D)undercounting
E)response rate

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Brym and Lie,one of the...

Question 8

If respondents for a survey are chosen at random,then the sample is a:
A)voluntary response sample
B)representative sample
C)full population
D)sampling frame
E)low probability sample

Accepted Answer

The answer of If respondents for a survey are chosen...

Question 9

One of the most useful ways to display survey data is the ____ table.
A)contingency
B)statistical
C)student's T
D)response rate
E)"Kitchen" table

Accepted Answer

A contingency table is specifically designed to display the relationship between two or more categorical variables. This type of table allows for easy comparison and analysis of the survey data. The other options listed are not relevant for displaying survey data.

Question 10

The ____ is the number of people asked to complete a questionnaire divided by the number of people who answer the questionnaire.This is usually reported as a percentage.
A)failure rate
B)Hawthorne rate
C)success rate
D)rate of return
E)response rate

Accepted Answer

Response rate refers to the number of people who answer a questionnaire, divided by the number of people who were asked to complete it. It is usually reported as a percentage, and is important in gauging the effectiveness of a survey or research study. A high response rate generally indicates greater accuracy and reliability of the data collected, whereas a low response rate may suggest potential bias or unrepresentativeness of the sample population.

Question 11

Some people believe that it is not important if the United States Bureau of the Census is off by a slight margin.The principal argument used to dismiss calls for different counts is based on ____ of changing how the census is conducted.
A)the cost
B)the difficulty
C)the statistics
D)the organization
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

The principal argument used to dismiss calls for different counts is based on the cost of changing how the census is conducted, so it is likely that people believe that it is not important if the United States Bureau of the Census is off by a slight margin.

Question 12

Brym and Lie suggest that few,if any,sampling frames are perfect.Even the United States Census,which is one of the largest and most meticulous surveys in the world,misses a small percentage of the American population.The group that was most undercounted in the census is:
A)women
B)minority groups
C)college students
D)European-Americans
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

Brym and Lie discuss how even the United States Census, which is a very large and thorough survey, misses a small percentage of the American population. They note that the group that is most undercounted is minority groups, as they are often harder to reach or more reluctant to participate in surveys. Therefore, the best choice is B, minority groups.

Question 13

The United States Census succeeds in counting about ____ of the population.
A)80%
B)75%
C)100%
D)98%
E)90%

Accepted Answer

The United States Census Bureau does not count every single person in the country due to various reasons, such as incomplete questionnaires, people not responding to surveys, or individuals being missed during the counting process. However, the Census Bureau strives to achieve a 98% accuracy rate in counting the population. Therefore, the best choice is option D, which states that the Census succeeds in counting 98% of the population.

Question 14

A survey where the researcher is able to directly question a subject is called a:
A)self-administered questionnaire
B)face-to-face interview
C)open-ended questionnaire
D)close-ended questionnaire
E)responsive questionnaire

Accepted Answer

A face-to-face interview allows the researcher to directly question the subject, whereas the other options do not necessarily involve direct interaction between the researcher and the subject.

Question 15

If a researcher is interested in the effect of television viewing on behavior and randomly selects research subjects who are male and female to determine the consequences of television viewing,television viewing is the:
A)connected variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable
D)spurious association
E)control variable

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to observe its effect on another variable. In this case, television viewing is the variable being manipulated to see its effect on behavior, making it the independent variable.

Question 16

When children fight at home,an adult is often present to intervene.By repeatedly separating and not ____ their aggressive behavior,the adult can teach them that fighting is unacceptable.
A)validating
B)sanctioning
C)rewarding
D)praising
E)demystifying

Accepted Answer

Sanctioning means to prohibit or forbid something. In this context, the adult is intervening to separate the children and prohibiting their aggressive behavior. Validating, rewarding, and praising would have the opposite effect of encouraging the aggressive behavior. Demystifying means to clarify or explain something, which is not relevant in this context.

Question 17

A young sociologist conducting research about grief awkwardly phrases a series of questions on a survey.This creates a problem with the validity of the findings because research subjects are confused by what the questions mean.This is an example of:
A)response bias
B)wording effects
C)researcher bias
D)overcounting
E)response rate bias

Accepted Answer

This scenario is an example of wording effects because the way the questions were worded caused confusion for the research subjects, leading to problems with the validity of the findings. Response bias relates to how participants may not answer accurately due to social desirability or other influences, researcher bias involves the researcher influencing the results, overcounting refers to counting a participant more than once, and response rate bias relates to non-response from participants.

Question 18

A survey that focuses on sensitive,unpopular,or illegal behavior that leads subjects to answer inaccurately is a serious threat to the validity of research results.This problem is known as:
A)response bias
B)wording effects
C)researcher bias
D)overcounting
E)response rate bias

Accepted Answer

Response bias occurs when survey respondents answer questions inaccurately or misleadingly due to factors such as social desirability bias or fear of judgment. This is particularly common when asking about sensitive, unpopular, or illegal behavior.

Question 19

One of the more popular ways of conducting a survey,where people are mailed a questionnaire and then return it to the researcher,is known as a:
A)self-administered questionnaire
B)face-to-face interview
C)telephone interview
D)close-ended questionnaire
E)response rate

Accepted Answer

Self-administered questionnaires are the most common type of survey that is mailed out to participants. The questionnaire is mailed to the participants who can complete it on their own and then return it to the researcher in a self-addressed stamped envelope. This method is cost-effective and provides anonymity to the respondents, which may help to increase the response rate.

Question 20

Janice is taking a survey about television sets.The question about preferred screen size allows four options: 12" screen,19" screen,25" screen,and 36" screen.This is an example of what kind of question?
A)open-ended question
B)close-ended question
C)essay question
D)nonresponse
E)response rate

Accepted Answer

This is a close-ended question because it provides a limited number of options for the respondent to choose from.

Quiz 2: How Sociologists Do Research

The list of all the people in a population of interest is called a:

Because training interviewers and researchers to go out and conduct research in person can be expensive,researchers have started using ____ instead.

If one variable changes as the other changes,the variables are said to be ____.

In the film Kinsey,researcher Alfred Kinsey relied on what we today call a ____ of respondents.

According to Brym and Lie,one of the largest threats to the validity of survey research findings is which of the following?

If respondents for a survey are chosen at random,then the sample is a:

One of the most useful ways to display survey data is the ____ table.

The ____ is the number of people asked to complete a questionnaire divided by the number of people who answer the questionnaire.This is usually reported as a percentage.

Some people believe that it is not important if the United States Bureau of the Census is off by a slight margin.The principal argument used to dismiss calls for different counts is based on ____ of changing how the census is conducted.

Brym and Lie suggest that few,if any,sampling frames are perfect.Even the United States Census,which is one of the largest and most meticulous surveys in the world,misses a small percentage of the American population.The group that was most undercounted in the census is:

The United States Census succeeds in counting about ____ of the population.

A survey where the researcher is able to directly question a subject is called a:

If a researcher is interested in the effect of television viewing on behavior and randomly selects research subjects who are male and female to determine the consequences of television viewing,television viewing is the:

When children fight at home,an adult is often present to intervene.By repeatedly separating and not ____ their aggressive behavior,the adult can teach them that fighting is unacceptable.

A young sociologist conducting research about grief awkwardly phrases a series of questions on a survey.This creates a problem with the validity of the findings because research subjects are confused by what the questions mean.This is an example of:

A survey that focuses on sensitive,unpopular,or illegal behavior that leads subjects to answer inaccurately is a serious threat to the validity of research results.This problem is known as:

One of the more popular ways of conducting a survey,where people are mailed a questionnaire and then return it to the researcher,is known as a:

Janice is taking a survey about television sets.The question about preferred screen size allows four options: 12" screen,19" screen,25" screen,and 36" screen.This is an example of what kind of question?