Question 1

In the Table of Math Achievement Scores in 38 countries in 1999,the highest math scores came from students in:
A)the United States
B)Europe
C)East Asia
D)the Scandinavian countries
E)the Balkans

Accepted Answer

According to the given information, the highest math scores came from students in East Asia. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer. The other options - A) United States, B) Europe, D) Scandinavian countries, and E) Balkans are not supported by the given information.

Question 2

When members of an occupation insist that people earn certain credentials in order to enter the occupation,this is called:
A)educational achievement
B)mass schooling
C)educational attainment
D)professionalization
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

Professionalization refers to the process by which occupations require standardized education and training credentials in order to enter the profession. This creates a barrier to entry and establishes the profession as a distinct and specialized field.

Question 3

Without meaning to do so,schools encourage the development of a separate youth culture that often conflicts with parents' values.This is an example of a(n)____ of schools.
A)manifest function
B)intended consequence
C)latent function
D)professional attribute
E)none of these choices.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a latent function of schools, which is an unintended or unrecognized consequence of an institution or social system. Schools are not designed to promote a separate youth culture that conflicts with parents' values, but this often occurs as a result of peer influence and the socialization process that occurs within schools.

Question 4

The movie Stand and Deliver demonstrates that educational achievement can be improved if students are:
A)encouraged to think of themselves as capable
B)inspired by a dedicated teacher
C)encouraged to take college preparatory courses
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

The movie shows that all three options (A, B, and C) contribute to improving educational achievement. The teacher, Jaime Escalante, inspires and encourages his students to think of themselves as capable while also pushing them to take college preparatory courses. This combination of motivation and academic rigor leads to the students' success.

Question 5

Professionalism:
A)promotes high standards
B)promotes high earnings
C)has spread widely
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

Professionalism promotes high standards, promotes high earnings, and has spread widely.

Question 6

Dropout rates vary a great deal among adolescents by race and ethnic group.For white non-Hispanics,the dropout rate is 8 per cent.For black students it is 14 per cent.For Latinos it is:
A)fifteen per cent
B)thirty per cent
C)forty-five per cent
D)sixty per cent
E)seventy per cent

Accepted Answer

The dropout rate for Latino students is thirty per cent, which is higher than that of white non-Hispanics and black students.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the latent functions of schools?
A)schools encourage the development of a separate youth culture
B)at the college level,schools bring potential mates together
C)schools transmit culture from one generation to the next
D)schools keep children under close surveillance for much of the day so their parents can work
E)at the college level,schools keep people temporarily out of the paid labor force,thus restricting competition and supporting wage levels

Accepted Answer

Latent functions of schools refer to the unintended, indirect, or hidden consequences of education. Transmitting culture from one generation to the next is considered a manifest function of schools, meaning it is an intended and direct outcome of the educational system, not a latent or unintended one.

Question 8

Durkheim held that schools socialize the young and thus promote social integration.Which of the following attributes did he think schools instill in children?
A)respect for the law
B)value capitalism and democracy
C)view nation with pride
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

Durkheim believed that schools instill respect for the law, a sense of national identity and pride, and also values of capitalism and democracy, all of which promote social integration.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the social mechanisms that operate within the school system to reproduce inequality?
A)unequal funding
B)testing and tracking
C)the self-fulfilling prophecy of low minority group achievement
D)the organization of school sports

Accepted Answer

The organization of school sports is not one of the social mechanisms that operate within the school system to reproduce inequality. The other options, unequal funding, testing and tracking, and the self-fulfilling prophecy of low minority group achievement, are well-documented social mechanisms that perpetuate and reproduce educational inequalities.

Question 10

____ was a tough idealist who quit a high-paying job in the computer industry to teach high school in East Los Angeles:
A)Jaime Escalante
B)Lakia Washington
C)John Lie
D)Robert Brym
E)Henry Park

Accepted Answer

Jaime Escalante, also known as "Kimo", was a Bolivian-American educator who taught math at Garfield High School in East Los Angeles. He is best known for his success in teaching calculus to low-income and underprivileged students, as depicted in the film "Stand and Deliver". Escalante was a tough idealist who challenged his students to do their best, and his teaching methods and dedication inspired many of them to pursue higher education and successful careers.

Question 11

Which of the following resulted from the attempt to desegregate American schools?
A)white families moved to all-white suburbs
B)white families enrolled their children in private schools
C)educational gains on the part of minority students were limited by racial tensions
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

All of the choices are true. White flight to all-white suburbs and enrollment in private schools became common responses to desegregation efforts, and racial tensions limited educational gains for minority students.

Question 12

In the table that compared the amount of eighth grade student behavior problems,according to principals,which country reported the greatest amount of behavior that threatened a safe and orderly environment at least weekly?
A)Canada
B)Italy
C)Japan
D)Russia
E)the United States

Accepted Answer

According to the table, the United States reported the greatest amount of behavior that threatened a safe and orderly environment at least weekly, with 31% of principals reporting this issue.

Question 13

The number of years of school a person completes is known as ____.
A)educational achievement
B)mass schooling
C)educational attainment
D)professionalization
E)credentialization

Accepted Answer

Educational attainment refers to the level of education a person has completed, typically measured in years of schooling. Educational achievement typically refers to academic success or performance within the education system. Mass schooling refers to the widespread access to education for the general population, and is not a measure of individual educational attainment. Professionalization refers to the development of a profession and its standards, while credentialization refers to the trend towards requiring increasing levels of formal education and credentials for employment.

Question 14

In a 'culturally biased' item on an actual SAT test,which is the correct answer for the opposite of turbulent?
A)aerial
B)compact
C)pacific
D)chilled
E)sanitary

Accepted Answer

The opposite of turbulent is calm or peaceful, which is best represented by the word pacific. While the other answer choices may have some opposite meanings, they do not directly provide an antonym for turbulent.

Question 15

In the table in the text that compares Father's Occupation and Child's Chances of Completing College in the United States,the greatest chance of completing college for students with scores in the top 14% was if the father's occupation was:
A)professional
B)manager
C)clerical/sales
D)skilled blue collar
E)unskilled blue collar

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the table in the text that...

Question 16

According to the conflict perspective on education,the benefits of education:
A)are unequally distributed in society
B)tend to reproduce the existing stratification system
C)track most children at the bottom of the class system into low and middle ability classes
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

The conflict perspective on education argues that the benefits of education are unequally distributed in society and that education tends to reproduce the existing stratification system. In addition, it suggests that tracking in education tends to place most children at the bottom of the class system into low and middle ability classes. Therefore, all of the choices are correct, making D the best answer.

Question 17

According to sociologist Randall Collins,it takes more and more certificates and diplomas to qualify for a given job.He calls this:
A)educational achievement
B)mass schooling
C)educational attainment
D)professionalization
E)credential inflation

Accepted Answer

The term used by Randall Collins to describe the phenomenon where it takes more and more certificates and diplomas to qualify for a given job is "credential inflation". This means that over time, the level of education required for a job tends to increase, often beyond what is necessary for the tasks involved.

Question 18

How much students actually learn while in school is known as ____.
A)educational achievement
B)mass schooling
C)educational attainment
D)professionalization
E)credentialization

Accepted Answer

Educational achievement refers to the actual amount of knowledge and skills that students acquire during their time in school, as opposed to just their completion of a certain level or amount of education (educational attainment). Mass schooling refers to the widespread availability of education to the general population, while professionalization and credentialization relate more specifically to the social and economic value placed on certain levels of education and the credentials that come with them.

Question 19

In the table showing Estimated Lifetime Earnings by Educational Attainment,the group that makes the most money has attained which degree?
A)associate
B)bachelor's
C)master's
D)professional
E)doctoral

Accepted Answer

Professional degrees typically lead to the highest lifetime earnings compared to other educational levels. This is because professions like law, medicine, and dentistry, which require such degrees, are among the highest-paying careers.

Question 20

Which of the following is (are)responsible for the spread of mass schooling?
A)the Protestant Reformation
B)the democratic revolutions that began in the 18th century
C)industrialization
D)all of these choices
E)none of these choices

Accepted Answer

All three factors played significant roles in the spread of mass schooling. The Protestant Reformation emphasized the need for literacy in order to read the Bible, which led to the establishment of schools. The democratic revolutions emphasized the importance of education for citizenship and the need for a literate electorate. Industrialization increased the demand for educated workers, resulting in the establishment of more schools.

Quiz 17: Education

In the Table of Math Achievement Scores in 38 countries in 1999,the highest math scores came from students in:

When members of an occupation insist that people earn certain credentials in order to enter the occupation,this is called:

Without meaning to do so,schools encourage the development of a separate youth culture that often conflicts with parents' values.This is an example of a(n) ____ of schools.

The movie Stand and Deliver demonstrates that educational achievement can be improved if students are:

Professionalism:

Dropout rates vary a great deal among adolescents by race and ethnic group.For white non-Hispanics,the dropout rate is 8 per cent.For black students it is 14 per cent.For Latinos it is:

Which of the following is NOT one of the latent functions of schools?

Durkheim held that schools socialize the young and thus promote social integration.Which of the following attributes did he think schools instill in children?

Which of the following is NOT one of the social mechanisms that operate within the school system to reproduce inequality?

____ was a tough idealist who quit a high-paying job in the computer industry to teach high school in East Los Angeles:

Which of the following resulted from the attempt to desegregate American schools?

In the table that compared the amount of eighth grade student behavior problems,according to principals,which country reported the greatest amount of behavior that threatened a safe and orderly environment at least weekly?

The number of years of school a person completes is known as ____.

In a 'culturally biased' item on an actual SAT test,which is the correct answer for the opposite of turbulent?

In the table in the text that compares Father's Occupation and Child's Chances of Completing College in the United States,the greatest chance of completing college for students with scores in the top 14% was if the father's occupation was:

According to the conflict perspective on education,the benefits of education:

According to sociologist Randall Collins,it takes more and more certificates and diplomas to qualify for a given job.He calls this:

How much students actually learn while in school is known as ____.

In the table showing Estimated Lifetime Earnings by Educational Attainment,the group that makes the most money has attained which degree?

Which of the following is (are) responsible for the spread of mass schooling?