Question 1

CODIS is a database that has

Accepted Answer

The passage states that CODIS has "records for over 4.5 million criminal DNA profiles," making option D the correct choice. The other options are not supported by the passage.

Question 2

You are running gel electrophoresis on several samples of DNA collected from a crime scene.When you look at the gel,you notice that suspect number 2 has three bands for one STR.Is this a problem? Why or why not?

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The answer of You are running gel electrophoresis on several...

Question 3

Explain how DNA samples are isolated from a crime scene.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how DNA samples are isolated from...

Question 4

You have been asked to verify that you are not the father of a child,and you have gone in for a paternity test.As part of that testing,you were provided the following information regarding your STRs.What does this chart mean?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have been asked to verify that...

Question 5

The gel at right shows the DNA profiles for several individuals.If A is the mother and B is the father,which one of the others could be their child?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gel at right shows the DNA...

Question 6

You have DNA samples isolated from three separate locations at a crime scene.You have amplified the DNA and run it through CODIS and have no matches.What are your next steps?

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The answer of You have DNA samples isolated from three...

Question 7

Explain how DNA PCR analysis has changed modern crime-scene analysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how DNA PCR analysis has changed...

Question 8

Some highly degraded DNA was collected from a crime scene.Upon analysis,forensic scientists were only able to accurately sequence one 450-nucleotide-long segment of DNA from a Y chromosome.There are five suspects in the case,but they have fled the state.However,they all have large extended families in the area.How can the police narrow the search to just one suspect?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some highly degraded DNA was collected from...

Question 9

Which type of crime scene evidence is most reliable?

Accepted Answer

STR analysis involves the comparison of DNA profiles, which is considered the most reliable type of evidence. This is because DNA is individualistic, meaning that it is unique to each individual and does not change over time. Other types of evidence, such as eyewitness accounts or blood-spatter analysis, can be subjective and may be influenced by external factors, such as bias or environmental conditions. Dental-bite impressions and enzyme analysis can also be reliable, but are less commonly used and have limitations in their application.

Question 10

How is DNA analyzed for the purposes of forensic evidence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is DNA analyzed for the purposes...

Question 11

Currently,forensic scientists use ____ STRs found on ___ different chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Currently,forensic scientists use ____ STRs found on...

Question 12

Since 1992,the Innocence Project has overturned the convictions and freed more than

Accepted Answer

The question states "since 1992, the Innocence Project has overturned convictions and freed more than" a certain number of people. The only option that makes logical sense is C, as it is a significant number but not an overwhelmingly large one. Options A and B seem too small, while options D and E seem too large.

Question 13

What is now commonly used by forensic scientists as evidence in criminal cases to free people wrongly convicted of crimes?

Accepted Answer

DNA profiling has become a routine practice in forensic labs and is considered the gold standard in identifying suspects and exonerating the wrongly accused. The uniqueness and stability of DNA make it a reliable tool for identifying individuals and comparing evidence to identify suspects or link cases.

Question 14

Imagine a crime scene in which traditional sources of evidence have not yielded a suspect.A DNA profile is generated and run through the CODIS database.There is no perfect match; however,one person has at least one band in common with the crime-scene DNA at every STR site.This person,however,is in jail and could not have committed the crime.Is this information still useful for identifying a potential suspect?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine a crime scene in which traditional...

Question 15

The only person(s)with DNA that exactly matches your DNA would be _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The only person(s)with DNA that exactly matches...

Question 16

Some highly degraded DNA was collected from a crime scene.Upon analysis,forensic scientists were only able to accurately sequence one 450-nucleotide-long segment of DNA from a Y chromosome.There are five suspects in the case,but they have fled the state.However,they all have large extended families in the area.How can the police narrow the search to just one suspect?

Accepted Answer

Since the DNA segment is from a Y chromosome, it can only be passed down from father to son. Therefore, the best choice is to collect DNA from male relatives on the paternal line, such as brothers, fathers, or paternal grandfathers. This will help identify the suspect through the Y chromosome DNA match.

Question 17

What is the significance of CODIS?

Accepted Answer

CODIS is a DNA database used by law enforcement agencies to identify suspects or exonerate individuals in criminal investigations. It contains DNA profiles from convicted offenders, arrestees, and unidentified human remains. CODIS has been instrumental in solving numerous crimes and identifying perpetrators. Its database contains over 4.5 million profiles from criminals in 50 states, and each DNA profile in CODIS contains 15 specific STRs. Additionally, CODIS can aid in setting free wrongfully accused people by providing DNA evidence that exonerates them. Therefore, all of the above statements are significant in describing the importance of CODIS.

Question 18

Why can DNA extraction be a very painstaking process for forensic scientists?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed can be reasons why DNA extraction can be a painstaking process for forensic scientists.

Question 19

What is the major drawback of STR profile comparisons,especially with respect to use in forensics?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the major drawback of STR...

Question 20

Based on the data below showing a limited number of STRs,discuss the parentage of this child.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the data below showing a...

Quiz 7: DNA Structure and Replication Biologically Unique