Question 1

List at least four major components found in blood and provide the major function of each.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Blood contains ____________,which do not have a nucleus.

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are the cells in blood that do not have a nucleus. Leukocytes (white blood cells) and platelets (thrombocytes) do have a nucleus, and plasma is the liquid component of blood.

Question 3

Blood contains ____________,which are actually cell fragments.

Accepted Answer

Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are actually cell fragments that circulate in the blood and play a key role in blood clotting. Leukocytes (white blood cells) are full cells that play a role in the immune system, while erythrocytes (red blood cells) carry oxygen throughout the body. Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

Question 4

Which of the following allow red blood cells to flow through one cell at a time?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body and allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and the tissues. Their narrow diameter allows red blood cells to flow through one cell at a time, ensuring efficient exchange. Arteries, ventricles, aortas, and atrium are not capable of allowing one red blood cell at a time and are designed for different functions such as transporting blood away from the heart (arteries) or receiving blood from the body or lungs (ventricles and atrium).

Question 5

What product(s)of cellular respiration does blood carry?

Accepted Answer

Blood carries both carbon dioxide (a product of cellular respiration) and wastes (such as lactic acid) away from cells. Oxygen, on the other hand, is carried to cells by red blood cells through the process of respiration, but is not a product of cellular respiration itself.

Question 6

Foods high in saturated fats contribute to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Foods high in saturated fats contribute to high levels of LDL in the blood. Saturated fats can raise levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol, which can increase the risk of heart disease.

Question 7

Fish oxygenate their blood in their gills.Which of the following describes the movement of blood through the gills?

Accepted Answer

All of the above occur. Blood flow does slow down in the gills to allow for gas exchange to occur through the capillaries. Additionally, blood pressure does decrease in the gills, allowing for greater surface area contact between the blood and water, facilitating diffusion of gases. Blood must move through the capillaries in the gills to allow for gas exchange to occur.

Question 8

One severe form of atherosclerosis is the formation of plaques typically found in which of the following blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Plaques typically form in arteries, as they carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and are subject to higher pressure and shear forces. Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart and are less prone to the development of plaques. Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels in the body, do not develop plaques.

Question 9

Beyond the cellular components of blood and the nutrients and proteins carried in plasma,why is a blood draw such a representative snapshot of our environmental exposures?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Beyond the cellular components of blood and...

Question 10

The "blood" in mollusks is pumped in an open circulatory system.It is referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

The blood in mollusks is pumped in an open circulatory system and is not contained in vessels but rather flows freely throughout the body cavity, which is filled with hemolymph. Therefore, the correct term for the "blood" in mollusks is hemolymph. The other answer choices (leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, and plasma) are terms used in closed circulatory systems found in vertebrates.

Question 11

Single cellular organisms can rely on diffusion to move gases,nutrients,and wastes across their single membrane.What feature of the cardiovascular system overcomes this problem for multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

The best choice is E because the capillary blood vessels are found throughout the body to allow for even distribution and diffusion of gases, nutrients, and wastes, overcoming the problem of single cellular organism where diffusion is relied to move gases, nutrients, and wastes across their single membrane. The other options are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the function of the cardiovascular system in multicellular organisms.

Question 12

Why do LDL and HDL have to accompany cholesterol in the blood?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do LDL and HDL have to...

Question 13

How do veins prevent backflow of the low-pressure blood they carry?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do veins prevent backflow of the...

Question 14

Blood contains ____________,which carries the nutrients and signaling molecules necessary for the proper functioning of the body.

Accepted Answer

Plasma is the liquid part of blood that carries nutrients and signaling molecules throughout the body. Leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and platelets are all cellular components of blood that perform different functions.

Question 15

Explain the difference between how LDL and HDL affect cholesterol.Which one of the two is disadvantageous to humans?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

What are considered normal blood pressure measurements and how are they expressed?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

The composition of blood contains cells in a liquid known as what?

Accepted Answer

The liquid portion of blood, which makes up about 55% of its total volume, is called plasma. It contains various proteins, nutrients, hormones, and electrolytes. The remaining 45% of blood is composed of cellular components such as erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and platelets. Option A (water) is a component of plasma, but it does not adequately describe the composition of blood. Bile (option B) is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; it is not a component of blood. Leukocyte (option C) is a type of white blood cell found in blood but does not describe the liquid portion of blood. Erythrocytosis (option E) is a medical condition in which there is an excessive production of red blood cells; it is not a component of blood.

Question 18

Explain how carbon dioxide moves into capillaries,and how oxygen moves into tissues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how carbon dioxide moves into capillaries,and...

Question 19

Blood contains ____________,which are involved in many aspects of the immune response.

Accepted Answer

Leukocytes, also called white blood cells, are involved in many aspects of the immune response, including identifying and destroying foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) carry oxygen to cells and tissues, platelets are involved in blood clotting, and plasma is the liquid portion of blood that carries nutrients, hormones, and other substances throughout the body.

Question 20

Low-pressure vessels are referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

Veins are low-pressure vessels that carry blood back to the heart, in contrast to arteries, which are high-pressure vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Quiz 27: A: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa