Question 1

What are the pros and cons of using punishment as a way to eliminate dysfunctional behaviors? How can managers avoid the unintended side effects of punishment?

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Question 2

Explain how instrumentalities affect employee motivation.

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Question 3

Define intrinsic, extrinsic, and prosocial motivation.With an example, show how a person can be motivated by all three at the same time.

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Question 4

A manager at an insurance company wants to stimulate high motivation and performance among his sales representatives.Based on the goal-setting theory, the manager should set goals that are

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Goal-setting theory suggests that to stimulate high motivation and performance, goals must be specific and difficult.

Question 5

What are the different types of needs according to Maslow?

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Question 6

According to the expectancy theory, what are the different factors that determine a person's motivation?

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Question 7

Discuss Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory.Differentiate between motivator needs and hygiene needs.

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Question 8

Paula has been working in a bakery for several months.Although she meets all the requirements, Paula's manager thinks she can improve the quality of the products she makes.What positive reinforcers can Paula's manager use to motivate Paula?

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Question 9

Employees at KC Landscaping discussed with their manager ideas for cutting costs.After implementing the suggested strategies, the company saw a significant decrease in costs so the manager rewarded the employees with a percentage of the cost savings.This concept is reflected in the _____ plan.

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The Scanlon plan focuses on reducing expenses or cutting costs; members of an organization are motivated to come up with and implement cost-cutting strategies because a percentage of the cost savings achieved during a specified time is distributed to the employees.

Question 10

A few weeks ago, Kenny started working as a caterer in the kitchen at a hospital.His job involves visiting patients and taking meal orders, preparing the meal trays, and then delivering the meals to the patients.Kenny noticed that Stella, another caterer with a couple years of experience, has good interactions with the patients.Kenny watched how she introduces herself to the patients and then he started using introductions similar to Stella's.This is an example of

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Vicarious learning, often called observational learning, occurs when a person (the learner) becomes motivated to perform a behavior by watching another person (the model) performing the behavior and being positively reinforced for doing so.In general, people are more likely to be motivated to imitate the behavior of models who are highly competent, are (to some extent) experts in the behavior, have high status, receive attractive reinforcers, and are friendly or approachable.

Question 11

Explain the operant conditioning theory briefly and describe the four tools that the theory provides for managers.

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Question 12

Discuss McClelland's theory of needs.

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Question 13

Explain how a low level of expectancy, instrumentality, or valence can affect employee motivation.

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Question 14

Hernandez Bros struggled to make profits for the first few years, but for the first time, the company had a very profitable year.The CEO wants to reward the employees by either increasing salaries or giving the employees a bonus.Do you think the CEO should raise the salaries or give the employees bonuses? Explain why.

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Question 15

Distinguish the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic behavior and provide an example of each.

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Question 16

Learning theory focuses on

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Learning theory focuses on the linkage between performance and outcomes in the motivation equation.

Question 17

At a departmental meeting, Beatriz's manager revealed a current issue and proposed a solution.Beatriz had encountered similar issues and she was confident that she could solve the problem, so she accepted the challenge.Beatriz's behavior was influenced by

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Self-efficacy is a person's belief about his or her ability to perform a behavior successfully.

Question 18

Discuss Alderfer's ERG theory and how it compares to Maslow's theory.

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Question 19

How can pay be used as a source of motivation? How do need theories, the expectance theory, and learning theories describe the importance of pay?

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Question 20

Define motivation and describe the psychological factors that contribute to motivation.

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Quiz 13: Motivation Performance