Question 1

In which case was it ruled that IQ tests cannot be administered to African-American students for the purpose of placement in special education classes?

Accepted Answer

In Larry P. v. Riles (1979), it was ruled that IQ tests cannot be administered to African-American students for the purpose of placement in special education classes because the tests were culturally biased and African-American students were often placed in classes for the mentally retarded as a result.

Question 2

A client tells his psychologist that he is planning to kill his girlfriend.The psychologist has reason to believe that the client will act on this plan.In this situation,the psychologist has a duty to:

Accepted Answer

In this situation, the psychologist has a duty to warn the endangered third party or call the police as the client poses a serious threat to someone else's life. The duty to warn overrides the therapist-client confidentiality privilege in such instances. Failing to warn the potential victim could be a violation of ethical codes and could also lead to legal consequences. It is essential to prioritise protecting human life over maintaining confidentiality. The psychologist can address the problem with the client in therapy, but the intervention must occur after taking steps to protect the victim's safety.

Question 3

Which of the following is a key provision in "truth in testing" legislation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a key...

Question 4

According to the Standards for Educational and Psychological Tests and Manuals,the responsibility for the use of psychological tests is that of

Accepted Answer

According to the Standards for Educational and Psychological Tests and Manuals, the responsibility for the use of psychological tests lies with professionals who have the necessary training and experience. This means that while having state certification or an online certification may be helpful, it is not a sufficient qualification on its own. The highest academic degree in psychology is also not a definitive factor, as there may be individuals with advanced degrees who do not have the necessary training or experience to effectively and ethically use psychological tests. Therefore, the best choice is B, which highlights the importance of having both the necessary training and experience.

Question 5

Public concern about various aspects of psychological testing reached a peak in

Accepted Answer

Public concern about various aspects of psychological testing reached a peak in the 1960s due to the increased use of psychological tests in education, employment, and other areas, as well as concerns about the potential for misuse and bias in testing.

Question 6

Griggs v.Duke Power Company and Albemarle Paper Company v.Moody had what issue in common?

Accepted Answer

Both Griggs v. Duke Power Company and Albemarle Paper Company v. Moody dealt with the use of tests that discriminated against minorities because they did not accurately measure the specific skills required for the job. In Griggs v. Duke Power Company, the Supreme Court ruled that using general intelligence tests and high school diplomas as requirements for certain jobs was discriminatory against African Americans because these tests were not related to the job requirements. Similarly, in Albemarle Paper Company v. Moody, the Court ruled that aptitude tests used to determine job promotions were discriminatory because they were not related to job performance or skills required for the job.

Question 7

Tests are categorized as

Accepted Answer

Tests are categorized as level A, B, or C based on the amount of testing-related knowledge necessary to administer the test. This categorization system was developed by the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, a joint collaboration between the American Educational Research Association (AERA), the American Psychological Association (APA), and the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME).

Question 8

The Family Rights and Privacy Act mandated that

Accepted Answer

The Family Rights and Privacy Act mandates that parents and students have the right to review their school records, including the right to request changes or corrections to any information that is incorrect or misleading. This law protects the privacy of students and families by requiring schools to obtain written consent before sharing any personal information with third parties. It does not address private school funding or identity theft.

Question 9

What assumption can reasonably be made when a well-known,well-respected,and widely used test is translated from English into another language?

Accepted Answer

Translation alone does not guarantee that a test will maintain its reputation, content equivalence, or market success in another language or culture.

Question 10

The matter of having test findings held confidential by psychologists is

Accepted Answer

The matter of having test findings held confidential by psychologists is a matter of professional ethics, a right upheld by case law, and a right cited in legislation. Therefore, all of these choices are correct.

Question 11

In which case was it ruled that employment tests must measure the person for the specific job for which he or she is applying?

Accepted Answer

Griggs v. Duke Power Company (1971) ruled that employment tests must measure the person for the specific job for which he or she is applying.

Question 12

What publication presents standards for constructing and using fair and non-discriminative employment tests?

Accepted Answer

The Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures (UGESP) present standards for constructing and using fair and non-discriminative employment tests. The other options mention ethical standards or guidelines for specific aspects of employment testing but do not provide overarching standards for fair and non-discriminative tests.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Henry Goddard?

Accepted Answer

Henry Goddard did not develop a culturally sensitive intelligence test that measured culturally specific aspects of intelligence common to East Asian immigrants.

Question 14

"Truth in testing" laws relate to tests typically administered in

Accepted Answer

"Truth in testing" laws are regulations that aim to ensure that standardized tests administered in postsecondary and professional schools are fair, accurate, and transparent. These laws provide guidelines on test administration, scoring, and reporting, and also give students the right to access their test scores and challenge any errors or inaccuracies.

Question 15

Which is TRUE of Oregon's Death with Dignity Act?

Accepted Answer

The correct statement about Oregon's Death with Dignity Act is that a psychologist or psychiatrist may be requested to evaluate the patient for impaired judgment and the presence of psychopathology. Option A is incorrect as there is no requirement for family members to consult with a psychologist or psychiatrist after the patient's death. Option B is incorrect as the Act requires the patient to have a terminal illness with a prognosis of less than six months to live. Option D is incorrect as only option C is true.

Question 16

Regarding psychologists' duty to warn in cases involving testtakers who are HIV-positive,

Accepted Answer

Most states have enacted legislation that provides limits to confidentiality of one's HIV-positive diagnosis, allowing mental health professionals to disclose information to at-risk third parties in certain circumstances in order to protect public health. This is commonly known as "duty to warn" or "duty to protect" and is specified in the laws governing confidentiality in mental health care. This is important in cases involving HIV-positive test takers who may put their sexual partners at risk.

Question 17

In which court case did the court find that minimum competency testing in the State of Florida perpetuated the effects of past discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Debra P. v. Turlington (1981) is the case where the court found that minimum competency testing in the State of Florida perpetuated the effects of past discrimination. This ruling was significant in the context of educational law and civil rights, as it addressed the impact of standardized testing on minority students.

Question 18

In general,testtakers have the right

Accepted Answer

Test takers have the right to know why they are being tested, the results of the test they took, and how the test data will be used. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

Question 19

The Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education was developed and endorsed by

Accepted Answer

The Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education was developed and endorsed by both test publishers and professional organizations. It was created to guide the development and use of educational tests in a fair and ethical way.

Question 20

The "privilege" referred to in the term privileged communication belongs to

Accepted Answer

Privileged communication refers to confidential information shared between a client and a professional, such as a therapist or lawyer. The privilege of confidentiality belongs to the client or test taker, not the developer, user, or publisher of the test. Therefore, the best choice is C, the test taker.

Quiz 2: Historical, cultural, and Legal Ethical Considerations