Question 1

The basic,innate disposition that emerges early in life and encompasses several dimensions,including general activity level and mood,is known as a person's _________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of the term temperament.

Question 2

Adler used the term ___________ to describe situations in which adults have not been able to overcome the feelings of inferiority they developed as children,when they were small and limited in their knowledge about the world.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of the inferiority complex.

Question 3

According to humanistic theory,an attitude of acceptance and respect on the part of an observer,no matter what a person says or does,is called _________________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of unconditional positive regard.

Question 4

A model of personality that seeks to identify the basic traits necessary to describe personality is called ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of the trait theory.

Question 5

The belief in one's personal capabilities,leading to higher aspirations and greater persistence is known as ___________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of self-efficacy.

Question 6

The _______________,according to Jung,is a common set of ideas,feelings,images,and symbols that we inherit from our ancestors,the whole human race,and even animal ancestors from the distant past.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of the collective unconscious.

Question 7

__________ are consistent personality characteristics and behaviors displayed in different situations.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of traits.

Question 8

A statistical method of identifying associations among a large number of variables to reveal more general patterns is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of factor analysis.

Question 9

Standard measures devised to assess behavior objectively;used by psychologists to help people make decisions about their lives and understand more about themselves,are called ___________________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of psychological tests.

Question 10

The measurement consistency of a test,meaning that it yields the same result each time it is administered to a specific person or group,is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

That is the definition of reliability.

Question 11

According to Jung,there are universal symbols that represent a particular person,object,or experience,and these are called _______________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of archetypes.

Question 12

The component of personality that encompasses our positive and negative self-evaluations is known as ________________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of self-esteem.

Question 13

A method of gathering data about people by asking them questions about a sample of their behavior is known as a(n)____________ measure.

Accepted Answer

That is the definition of a self-report measure.

Question 14

Standards of test performance that permit the comparison of one person's score on a test with the scores of others who have taken the same test are called ______________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of norms.

Question 15

When a test measures what it is supposed to measure,this is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of validity.

Question 16

A(n)__________________ is a direct measure of an individual's behavior designed to describe characteristics indicative of personality.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of a behavioral assessment.

Question 17

The process of wanting to be like another person as much as possible,imitating that person's behavior and adopting similar beliefs and values,is known as ______________.

Accepted Answer

That is the definition of identification in terms of personality creation.

Question 18

_____________,according to humanistic theory,is the state of self-fulfillment in which people realize their highest potential,each in a unique way.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of self-actualization.

Question 19

A child's sexual interest in his or her opposite sex parent,typically resolved through identification with the same sex parent,from Freud's work,is known as the ____________ conflict.

Accepted Answer

That is the definition of the Oedipal conflict.

Question 20

Alfred Adler,another neo-Freudian,proposed that the primary human motivation is a striving for ____________ in a quest for self-improvement and perfection.

Accepted Answer

That is the basic premise of Adler's work.

Quiz 9: Personality and Individual Differences