Question 1

Learning approaches to personality suggest that much of behavior is shaped primarily by forces beyond the individual's control;that is,they are _____.

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Question 2

John's therapist strives to provide an atmosphere of acceptance and respect,no matter what comes up during the sessions.John's therapist is providing _____.

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Question 3

Albert Bandura is one of the leading proponents of the _____ approach to personality.

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Question 4

How do the theories of the neo-Freudian psychodynamic theorists differ from Freud's pioneering views? Identify two neo-Freudians and describe some of their major contributions to psychological theory.

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Question 5

Suppose you develop a new self-report measure of the broad personality trait of extraversion.Distinguish between reliability and validity.Describe how you would establish the reliability and validity of your new test.Outline how you would establish norms for the test.

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Question 6

Barry is looking at an abstract collage of colors,lines,and shapes,trying to come up with an interpretation of it.Barry is most probably taking some sort of _____ personality test.

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Question 7

Distinguish between self-report,projective,and behavioral assessment measures of personality.Provide an example of each.What are some criticisms of "projective" tests such as the Rorschach?

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Question 8

According to Carl Rogers,people's _____ contain the set of beliefs they hold about what they are like as individuals.

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Question 9

Define self-actualization.How is unconditional positive regard critical in supporting an individual's self-actualization?

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Question 10

"Every time I take it,it comes up with something different!" remarks Rita,turning away from the online personality quiz she just completed.Rita is complaining about the test's _____.

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Question 11

_____ is a sense of success in forming close bonds with other people.

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Question 12

Distinguish between self-efficacy and self-esteem.How do these concepts reflect their origins in social learning theory? Suggest how self-esteem may vary across cultures.

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Question 13

Describe detail as the id,ego,and superego in Freud's theory of personality.Be sure to mention the guiding principles of the id and the ego,the extent to which each of the three processes is conscious,and the point at which each of the three develops during infancy or childhood.

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Question 14

The _____,or MMPI-2,is the most widely used self-report measure of personality.

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Question 15

Annie is an extremely active baby;her activity level is a component of her _____.

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Question 16

Identify and describe the first three stages of Freud's theory of psychosexual development,being sure to identify the key developmental task associated with each stage and the potential effects on adult personality of fixation at each stage.

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Question 17

Describe trait approaches to personality.Briefly describe ONE of Allport's,Cattell's,or Eysenck's trait theories of personality.Identify the Big Five personality dimensions central to contemporary trait approaches.Outline several ways in which the validity of the Big Five theory is supported.

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Question 18

Your text offers the acronym OCEAN as a way to help you remember the "Big Five" personality dimensions.The A stands for _____.

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Question 19

Evaluate the learning approaches to personality.

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Question 20

Direct measures of an individual's behavior used to describe personality characteristics are known as _____.

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Quiz 10: Motivation and Emotion