Question 1

The terms morals is applied to a society while the term values is used when referring to an individual.

Accepted Answer

The terms morals and values can be used interchangeably, and there isn't a specific rule that dictates which term is used when referring to a society versus an individual. However, some people may use "morals" to refer to the shared beliefs and practices of a group or society, while "values" may be used to refer to an individual's personal beliefs and principles.

Question 2

Virtue ethics is the concept of living your life according to the similar virtues of different societies.

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics is the concept of living your life according to certain virtues such as courage, honesty, compassion, etc. It does not necessarily involve conforming to the virtues of different societies.

Question 3

Moral standards are independent of religious beliefs.

Accepted Answer

Moral standards are principles based on religious, cultural, or philosophical beliefs by which judgments are made about good or bad behavior.

Question 4

Rules of appropriate individual behavior represents the idea that the moral standards we develop for ourselves impact our lives on a daily basis in our behavior and other types of decisions we make.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. Rules of appropriate individual behavior are important for our daily decisions and behaviors, as they guide us in making ethical and moral choices.

Question 5

The field of ethics is the study of how people try to live their lives according to a standard of "right" or "wrong" behavior.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately defines the field of ethics.

Question 6

Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by osmosis as individuals observe the examples,both positive and negative,set by everyone around them.

Accepted Answer

Standards of ethical behavior are typically learned by observing the behavior of those around us, both positive and negative examples. It is not something that can be taught through formal education alone, but rather absorbed and internalized through observation and experience.

Question 7

Individuals acquire their personal moral standards in the same way that they learn the alphabet.

Accepted Answer

Acquiring moral standards is a much more complex process than simply learning the alphabet. Moral standards are shaped by a combination of cultural, social, and personal experiences and influences over the course of a person's life. While education and upbringing play a role, there are many other factors that contribute to the formation of an individual's moral standards.

Question 8

A set of personal principles formalized into a code of behavior refers to a value system.

Accepted Answer

A value system is a set of moral and ethical principles that a person or society adheres to and uses to guide their behavior and decision-making. It can be formalized into a code of behavior that reflects these principles.

Question 9

Happiness and health are examples of instrumental values that are pursued to reach another value.

Accepted Answer

An instrumental value-by which the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value. For example, money is valued for what it can buy rather than for itself.

Question 10

A society is a closed,confined unit in which people have to follow a distinct religion.

Accepted Answer

A society can have people of different religions and beliefs. It is not necessary for everyone to follow a distinct religion.

Question 11

Every religion in the world shares the Golden Rule.

Accepted Answer

The Golden Rule is simple and very clear rule shared by many different religions in the world like Buddhism, Christianity, and Hinduism but not all the religions.

Question 12

Simple truth is one of the four basic categories of ethics and can be expressed simply as doing the right thing.

Accepted Answer

Simple truth, also known as principle ethics, focuses on doing what is right and good, rather than adhering to specific rules or maximizing the overall good.

Question 13

The problem with virtue ethics is that societies can place different emphasis on different virtues.

Accepted Answer

Different cultures and societies may prioritize different virtues, making it difficult to establish a universal set of virtues under virtue ethics.

Question 14

The concept of universal ethics argues that there are certain principles that should apply to a select few ethical judgments.

Accepted Answer

Universal ethics refers to actions that are taken out of duty and obligation to a purely moral ideal rather than based on the needs of the situation, since the universal principles are seen to apply to everyone, everywhere, all the time.

Question 15

Ethics for the greater good is also referred to as utilitarianism.

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist ethical theory that suggests that decisions should be made based on what will produce the greatest overall happiness for the greatest number of people. This is often referred to as the "greater good."

Question 16

An intrinsic value means that the pursuit of one value is a good way to reach another value.

Accepted Answer

An intrinsic value is a good in and of itself, rather than being valuable as a means to an end or as a way to reach another value.

Question 17

Jason is a high-school senior whose peers are into drugs.He also has a family history of substance abuse.This will have no impact his moral standards.

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure and family history of substance abuse can have a significant impact on a person's decision to use drugs. However, it is impossible to predict how it will affect an individual's moral standards. It is possible for someone with a family history of substance abuse to have strong moral values that prevent them from using drugs, but it is also possible for them to succumb to peer pressure and compromise their standards.

Question 18

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you is the Golden Rule.

Accepted Answer

The statement "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you" is commonly known as the Golden Rule and is usually attributed to Jesus Christ.

Question 19

The problem with ethics for the greater good is the idea that the ends justify the means.

Accepted Answer

Ethics for the greater good can lead to the belief that any action, no matter how unethical or immoral, is acceptable if it ultimately leads to a greater benefit for society. This idea is often criticized as it can justify harmful or immoral actions if they are believed to have a positive outcome in the end.

Question 20

The problem with utilitarianism is the focus on doing the most good for a select few,such as Adolf Hitler and his idea of launching a national genocide against Jews on the ethical grounds of restoring the Aryan race.

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism focuses on doing the most good for the greatest number of people, not just a select few. Additionally, utilitarianism is based on the principle of maximizing happiness and minimizing suffering, not on arbitrary ideas of racial superiority. The example given is not representative of utilitarianism as a moral theory.

Quiz 1: Understanding Ethics