In terms of who employs physicians, who owns hospitals and clinics, and the role of insurance

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The ownership of hospitals and clinics, employment of physicians, and role of insurance can vary greatly depending on the country in a single payer system. For example, in the United Kingdom, hospitals are owned and operated by the government, physicians are employed by the National Health Service, and insurance is provided by the government. In Canada, hospitals are mostly publicly owned and operated, but physicians are generally self-employed and insurance is provided by the government. In contrast, in France, hospitals may be privately owned and physicians may be self-employed or employed by hospitals, while compulsory health insurance is provided by nonprofit organizations. Therefore, single payer systems can differ significantly in terms of ownership, employment, and insurance roles.

In Terms of Who Employs Physicians, Who Owns Hospitals and Clinics