Question 1

In ambiguous situations, individuals tend to symbolize experiences in a manner consistent with:

Accepted Answer

In ambiguous situations, individuals are more likely to interpret and symbolize their experiences in ways that are consistent with their self-concept, as it helps to maintain a coherent sense of identity.

Question 2

In Lambert's meta-analytical review evaluating client-centered therapy, the outcome variable accounting for the most variance in treatment progress was:

Accepted Answer

Client variables account for the most variance in treatment progress according to Lambert's meta-analytical review. This includes factors such as the client's motivation, resources, and severity of symptoms.

Question 3

A client-centered therapist would likely view the diagnostic process as:

Accepted Answer

Client-centered therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, emphasizes understanding and empathy towards the client's experience rather than diagnostic labeling, which Rogers believed could detract from understanding the individual's unique perspective.

Question 4

Zimring underscores the importance of how humans become persons within the context of their:

Accepted Answer

Zimring emphasizes the importance of how individuals become persons within the context of their culture, as culture shapes a person's identity and influences their behavior and beliefs.

Question 5

If a child were raised by critical parents and unable to verbalize their own thoughts and feelings, Zimring's paradigm would suggest degradation of the:

Accepted Answer

Zimring's paradigm focuses on the impact of context on an individual's ability to communicate and connect with others. If a child is raised by critical parents and is unable to verbalize their own thoughts and feelings, their subjective context (inner thoughts and feelings) will likely become degraded as they learn to suppress their own emotions and rely on external validation from their parents. The family context may also be impacted, but the degradation of the child's subjective context is the most significant factor in this scenario. The objective context (external reality) and everyday world are less directly affected in this case.

Question 6

In person-centered therapy, termination is decided by:

Accepted Answer

In person-centered therapy, termination is decided by the client. The therapist supports the client's process towards growth and change, and it is ultimately up to the client to determine when they have reached their goals or no longer need therapy. The therapist may offer guidance and support in the decision-making process, but the client has the final say.

Question 7

Fully functioning individuals capable of experiencing complete emotions rely on:

Accepted Answer

Organismic valuing processes refer to the ability of individuals to trust their own inner experience and personal evaluation of situations and emotions. This includes having the ability to recognize and express a range of emotions, and to regulate emotions in a healthy way. External sources of evaluation, pleasure-sustaining impulses, and biological instincts and drives are not necessarily sufficient for individuals to experience complete emotions and function fully.

Question 8

For a "moment of movement," each statement is true EXCEPT which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The statement "the experience has the quality of being unacceptable" does not fit with the concept of a "moment of movement" which describes a freeing and uninhibited experience. The other statements all accurately describe a moment of movement.

Question 9

When a therapist is able to maintain an unaltered attitude about a patient, regardless of the patient's comments or choices, this is referred to as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a therapist is able to maintain...

Question 10

Carl Rogers believed all humans had a _______ tendency, which he saw as a part of the _______ tendency of the world.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carl Rogers believed all humans had a...

Question 11

Understanding another individual by "living" in their internal frame of reference is:

Accepted Answer

Understanding another individual by "living" in their internal frame of reference is empathy. Empathy involves being able to understand and share the feelings of another person, often by imagining ourselves in their situation. This requires being attuned to the other person's emotions, thoughts, and experiences, and being willing to suspend our own perspective in order to see things from their point of view.

Question 12

In addition to the basic requirements of the therapeutic environment for the therapist, Rogers believed the client must focus on _______, _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to the basic requirements of...

Question 13

For Carl Rogers, _______, _______, and _______ were the three basic requirements to create a therapeutic environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For Carl Rogers, _______, _______, and _______...

Question 14

In the first interview, a person-centered therapist will:

Accepted Answer

In person-centered therapy, the focus is on the client and their experiences. The first interview is an opportunity for the therapist to establish a relationship with the client and to understand their perspective. This is done by being present with the client and following their lead, rather than gathering historical information, developing a treatment plan, or completing a diagnostic formulation, which are more commonly done in other therapeutic approaches.

Question 15

When asked for advice, a person-centered therapist would most likely:

Accepted Answer

Person-centered therapy is centered on the client and their own decision-making process. The therapist creates a safe, non-judgmental environment where the client can explore their feelings and thoughts and eventually find their own solutions. Therefore, facilitating the patient's personal decision-making is the most appropriate response.

Question 16

Client-centered therapy was developed by ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Client-centered therapy was developed by ___________....

Question 17

A successful person-centered therapy outcome would be defined by:

Accepted Answer

Person-centered therapy places a strong emphasis on the client's subjective experience and perspective. Therefore, the most appropriate measure of success in person-centered therapy is the client's own evaluation of whether therapy was beneficial or not. Objective assessments, alleviation of symptoms representing a diagnostic label, and the therapist's perception are not as important in person-centered therapy as they do not capture the subjective experience of the client.

Question 18

The conclusion drawn from meta-analyses and large scale studies that all major psychotherapies yield comparable effect sizes is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

The Dodo Bird effect refers to the conclusion drawn from meta-analyses and large-scale studies that all major psychotherapies yield comparable effect sizes, suggesting that the specific type of therapy is less important than common factors across therapies.

Question 19

The process by which an individual becomes aware of an experience is known as:

Accepted Answer

Symbolization is the process through which an individual becomes aware of an experience by assigning it symbols or mental representations, making it a conscious experience.

Question 20

Which of the following is essential to therapy in addition to empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard?

Accepted Answer

The client's experiencing of therapist-offered conditions is essential for therapy to be effective, as it allows the client to internalize and benefit from the therapeutic environment.

Quiz 4: Client-Centered Therapy