Question 1

The goal of Healthy People 2010 is to:

Accepted Answer

The goal of Healthy People 2010 is to guide national improvement effort to increase quality of life and to eliminate health disparities. It does not specifically aim to assist with reducing health care costs in the United States.

Question 2

In order to develop a comprehensive understanding of the causes of health behaviors,it is best to:

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial approach takes into account the interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to health behaviors. This approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the causes of health behaviors compared to just focusing on genetic or socioeconomic factors alone. Longitudinal studies can be helpful in understanding changes in health behaviors over time but may not provide a complete understanding of the causes.

Question 3

_____ attempts to close the gap between what is known about optimal health practices and what is actually done.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

The Big 5 personality traits are good indicators of a person's likelihood to practice certain health behaviors.Girls who are higher in neuroticism,introversion,and disagreeableness:

Accepted Answer

Research has found that individuals who score higher in neuroticism, introversion, and disagreeableness may be more likely to engage in risky health behaviors such as substance abuse, binge eating, and unsafe sexual practices. This suggests that girls who score high in these traits may also exhibit a higher frequency of these behaviors compared to extroverts. The other choices provided in the question do not align with research findings on the relationship between personality traits and health behaviors.

Question 5

A critical aspect of the Health Beliefs Model was added after its initial conceptualization.This new component captures a person's belief regarding his or her ability to successfully perform the behavior.It is know as:

Accepted Answer

The added component is known as self-efficacy, which refers to a person's belief in their ability to successfully perform a behavior or take a recommended action to improve their health. This belief is a key factor in whether or not an individual is motivated to take action towards achieving better health outcomes.

Question 6

The most important health behaviors that have been identified to be changed according to the Healthy People 2010 Program are known as:

Accepted Answer

The Healthy People 2010 Program identified a set of Leading Health Indicators, which are 10 key areas that have a significant impact on the health of the population. These include physical activity, tobacco use, substance abuse, responsible sexual behavior, mental health, injury and violence, environmental quality, immunization, access to health care, and maternal and infant health. These behaviors were identified as most important to change in order to improve overall health outcomes.

Question 7

Personality plays a big role in health.For example,people high in the trait of _____ report more medical problems and more visit to the doctor.

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism is a personality trait characterized by negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and moodiness. Research has shown that individuals high in neuroticism are more likely to report physical health problems, such as headaches, gastrointestinal issues, and chronic pain, and to visit the doctor more frequently.

Question 8

The ultimate goal of health psychological interventions is to decrease the number of deaths due to preventable diseases,delay the time of death,and

Accepted Answer

The ultimate goal of health psychological interventions is to improve the quality of life, especially for the elderly. While decreasing the cost of healthcare and increasing the number of healthcare providers may be secondary goals, the primary focus of health psychological interventions is on improving health outcomes and overall well-being. Teaching business owners how to provide quality healthcare plans is not directly related to health psychological interventions.

Question 9

The Health Belief Model explains health behavior by:

Accepted Answer

The Health Belief Model explains that individuals will perform healthy behaviors if they believe they are susceptible to the health issue (A), if they believe that their behavior will be beneficial in reducing the severity of the health issue (B), and if the benefits outweigh its costs (C). Therefore, all of the options are correct.

Question 10

One of the major social factors influencing adolescent smoking is the movies.What is one of the many techniques used by tobacco companies to encourage the public to smoke?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco companies would send cartons of cigarettes to actors in order to encourage them to smoke on screen. This technique, known as product placement, was effective in making smoking seem glamorous and desirable to the public, especially adolescents who are more susceptible to social influences.

Question 11

A major part of a person's belief in the effectiveness of changing a behavior is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A major part of a person's belief...

Question 12

The specific field that stresses the relevance of political,economic,and social factors in health is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The specific field that stresses the relevance...

Question 13

What three unhealthy behaviors account for 71% of 1 million preventable deaths per year?

Accepted Answer

According to studies, smoking, unhealthy diet, and lack of physical activity contribute to 71% of 1 million preventable deaths per year. Not wearing seat belts, burning candles in the home, climbing ladders to the top rung, driving vehicles too fast, and unsafe use of firearms are not among the top three contributors to preventable deaths.

Question 14

If you believe that you can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcome,you are demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in their ability to successfully execute a behavior required to produce a desired outcome. This belief in oneself is a key factor in determining whether or not someone will take action towards achieving their goals. Option A, determination theory, is a broader framework that encompasses self-efficacy as well as other psychological factors that influence goal-directed behavior. Options C and D are not specifically related to the belief in one's ability to execute a behavior.

Question 15

One of the most important priorities of the Healthy People 2010 Program is to:

Accepted Answer

The question asks for the most important priority of the Healthy People 2010 Program, and among the options given, increasing physical activity is the only one that is specifically mentioned as a priority in the program's goals. While the other options are also important to overall public health, increasing physical activity is a primary focus of the program.

Question 16

Healthy behaviors can be defined as behaviors that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Healthy behaviors can be defined as behaviors...

Question 17

Individuals will follow a positive health behavior if the behavior outweighs its "costs".The definition of "costs" for all participants is the following:

Accepted Answer

"Costs" in this context refer to the barriers or challenges that individuals may face when trying to adopt a positive health behavior. The other options are not relevant to the definition of "costs" in this context.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a major component of the Health Beliefs Model? Belief in:

Accepted Answer

Social norms are not a major component of the Health Beliefs Model. The major components are belief in susceptibility, belief in consequences, and belief in effectiveness of preventive behavior.

Question 19

As a testament to the biological basis for some unhealthy behaviors,research has found evidence for a gene related to alcoholism.It is known as:

Accepted Answer

The dopamine D2 receptor gene has been linked to an increased risk of alcoholism, as well as other types of addiction such as smoking and drug use. This suggests that genetics can play a role in the development of unhealthy behaviors related to substance abuse.

Question 20

One of the personality traits most often associated with more healthy behaviors is:

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is often associated with being responsible, organized, and self-disciplined, which can lead to maintaining healthier habits and taking better care of oneself. Research has shown that individuals who score high in conscientiousness are more likely to engage in healthy behaviors such as regular exercise, balanced diets, and routine medical checkups.

Quiz 6: Models of Behavior Change