Which of the Following Conditions Is Most Likely to Be

Which of the following conditions is most likely to be the physiological cause of hypoxemia?

A) Increased depth and rate of ventilation
B) Chronic obstructive lung diseases causing ventilation-perfusion imbalances
C) Anatomical anomalies permitting mixed venous blood to bypass alveolar circulation and passage from the right side of heart to left
D) Interference with gas exchange between alveolar capillaries and alveoli due to thickened alveolar epithelial membranes
E) Failure of the kidney to produce adequate amounts of renal erythropoietic factor