Question 1

Employees may attempt to create a bad impression as an expression of power.

Accepted Answer

Some employees may attempt to create a negative impression as a display of power and control over others. This can manifest in behaviors such as rudeness, uncooperativeness, and intentionally underperforming on tasks.

Question 2

Stereotyping occurs in the ______ phase of the perception process.
A) observation
B) selection
C) translation
D) response

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping occurs in the translation phase of the perception process, where we interpret and give meaning to the information we have selected to focus on. This phase involves using our past experiences, biases, and stereotypes to make sense of the information.

Question 3

The law of _______________ states that all other things being equal,stimuli that are near each other tend to be grouped together.
A) closure
B) nearness
C) similarity
D) figure and ground

Accepted Answer

The law of nearness states that elements that are close together in space tend to be perceived as a group. This principle is one of several Gestalt principles of perceptual organization that describes how people tend to perceive visual elements as a whole, rather than as individual parts.

Question 4

A parent who expects her child to behave properly can subtly influence the child's behavior so that the mother's expectations are met.This is known as the _______________ effect.
A) Pygmalion
B) Drucker
C) Golem
D) halo

Accepted Answer

The Pygmalion effect, also known as the self-fulfilling prophecy, is when higher expectations lead to an increase in performance. In this scenario, the mother's expectation for proper behavior is setting the standard for the child's behavior, thereby leading the child to meet those expectations. The other options, Drucker, Golem, and halo, do not pertain to this particular phenomenon.

Question 5

Which of the following represent the correct sequence of the Perception Process?
A) Stimuli, observation, selection, translation, response
B) Stimuli, selection, translation, observation, response
C) Stimuli, observation, translation, selection, response
D) Stimuli, translation, response

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence of the Perception Process is: Stimuli, observation, selection, translation, response. This sequence outlines how individuals notice stimuli, observe them, select which stimuli to focus on, translate or interpret these stimuli, and finally respond to them.

Question 6

All other things being equal,stimuli that are near each other tend to be grouped together.This is referred to as the law of __________.
A) nearness
B) similarity
C) grouping
D) assemblage

Accepted Answer

The given statement refers to the Gestalt principle of proximity or nearness, which states that stimuli that are close to each other are perceived as a group.

Question 7

Organizations that interact heavily with the public always engage in impression management.

Accepted Answer

Impression management refers to various strategies used by organizations to influence the way people perceive them. When organizations interact heavily with the public, such as in customer service environments or government agencies, they need to make sure they are presenting a positive image to the public. This may involve carefully controlling what information is shared, how employees interact with customers, and how the physical environment is presented. Therefore, organizations that interact heavily with the public always engage in impression management.

Question 8

_______________ has the lowest long-term unemployment rate among industrialized nations.
A) Germany
B) Italy
C) The United States
D) Japan

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ has the lowest long-term unemployment rate...

Question 9

Perception is defined as the process by which an individual _______________ to environmental stimuli.
A) selects
B) organizes
C) gives meaning
D) All of the Above.

Accepted Answer

Perception is a complex process that involves selecting, organizing, and giving meaning to environmental stimuli. Selecting refers to the initial process of filtering out irrelevant information and focusing on what is important. Organizing involves arranging the selected information in a meaningful way. Giving meaning involves interpreting the information based on past experiences, knowledge, and expectations. Therefore, all of the above choices are accurate.

Question 10

A self-fulfilling prophecy that causes a person to behave in a positive manner to meet expectations is called the ________ effect.
A) Hawthorne
B) Positive Projection
C) Golem
D) Pygmalion

Accepted Answer

The Pygmalion effect is a self-fulfilling prophecy where people perform better when they are encouraged and given positive expectations. It is also known as the Rosenthal-Jacobson effect or the teacher expectancy effect. The other options, such as the Hawthorne effect, Positive Projection, and Golem effect, describe different phenomena in psychology.

Question 11

Individuals make sense of environmental stimuli through _________.
A) stimulus, observation, selection, translation and response
B) selection, translation, observation and response
C) observation, selection and translation
D) stimulus, translation and response

Accepted Answer

Observations are made by the individual, which are then selected and translated to make sense of the stimuli. Response then follows after making sense of the stimuli. Therefore, choice C is the most appropriate answer.

Question 12

According to the law of __________,stimuli that are similar in size,color,shape,or form tend to be grouped together.
A) nearness
B) similarity
C) closure
D) figure and ground

Accepted Answer

The law of similarity states that stimuli that are similar in size, color, shape, or form tend to be grouped together. The other options do not refer to this specific principle.

Question 13

Attributions made by management frequently different than those made by employees.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Management and employees may have different perceptions and interpretations of the same event or situation, leading to different attributions being made.

Question 14

When one is using the IM tactic of ingratiation,they seek to be viewed positively by flattering others or offering to do favors for them.

Accepted Answer

This is correct. Ingratiation involves using flattery or favours to make oneself appear more likeable to others.

Question 15

A student is presented a picture that contains a collection of black spots on a white background.The student perceives that the picture is of a Dalmatian (a spotted dog).This may be an example of the law of ____________.
A) nearness
B) similarity
C) closure
D) figure and ground

Accepted Answer

The law of closure is a gestalt psychology principle that explains how humans tend to perceive incomplete shapes as complete. In this case, the student perceives the collection of black spots as a complete image of a Dalmatian, filling in the gaps mentally to create a whole image from the partial cues provided.

Question 16

The _____ phase of the perceptual process immediately precedes the translation step.
A) observation
B) selection
C) translation
D) response

Accepted Answer

The selection phase is where an individual's attention is focused on certain parts of the stimulus. This phase comes after observation but before translation. Therefore, B is the correct choice.

Question 17

The law of __________ reflects the tendency to group sensations into figures and backgrounds.
A) nearness
B) similarity
C) closure
D) figure and ground

Accepted Answer

The law of figure and ground refers to the way our perceptual system separates a stimulus into a foreground object or figure (the object of interest) and the surrounding background (the ground). This helps us make sense of complex visual stimuli by focusing our attention on the most important information.

Question 18

Hiring managers can help limit issues such as the "halo effect" by using unstructured interviews.

Accepted Answer

Structured interviews tend to increase interview reliability.

Question 19

A self-fulfilling prophecy that causes a person to behave in a negative manner to meet expectations is called the ________ effect.
A) pattern
B) ghoul
C) Golem
D) Pygmalion

Accepted Answer

The Golem effect refers to the phenomenon where lower expectations placed upon individuals either by supervisors or the individuals themselves lead to poorer performance, essentially a negative version of the Pygmalion effect.

Question 20

How one person views _______________ is often quite different than someone else's perceptions.
A) the environment
B) trends
C) people
D) All of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Different people have different perspectives and experiences that shape how they view various aspects of life. Someone's perception of the environment could be affected by whether they live in a rural or urban area, or whether they prioritize conservation or development. Trends can be viewed positively or negatively depending on personal values and circumstances. Similarly, someone's perception of people can be colored by their own biases or experiences. Overall, all of the choices are subject to personal interpretation and can be viewed differently by different individuals.

Quiz 4: Perceptions and Attributions

Employees may attempt to create a bad impression as an expression of power.

Stereotyping occurs in the ______ phase of the perception process.

The law of _______________ states that all other things being equal,stimuli that are near each other tend to be grouped together.

A parent who expects her child to behave properly can subtly influence the child's behavior so that the mother's expectations are met.This is known as the _______________ effect.

Which of the following represent the correct sequence of the Perception Process?

All other things being equal,stimuli that are near each other tend to be grouped together.This is referred to as the law of __________.

Organizations that interact heavily with the public always engage in impression management.

_______________ has the lowest long-term unemployment rate among industrialized nations.

Perception is defined as the process by which an individual _______________ to environmental stimuli.

A self-fulfilling prophecy that causes a person to behave in a positive manner to meet expectations is called the ________ effect.

Individuals make sense of environmental stimuli through _________.

According to the law of __________,stimuli that are similar in size,color,shape,or form tend to be grouped together.

Attributions made by management frequently different than those made by employees.

When one is using the IM tactic of ingratiation,they seek to be viewed positively by flattering others or offering to do favors for them.

A student is presented a picture that contains a collection of black spots on a white background.The student perceives that the picture is of a Dalmatian (a spotted dog) .This may be an example of the law of ____________.

The _____ phase of the perceptual process immediately precedes the translation step.

The law of __________ reflects the tendency to group sensations into figures and backgrounds.

Hiring managers can help limit issues such as the "halo effect" by using unstructured interviews.

A self-fulfilling prophecy that causes a person to behave in a negative manner to meet expectations is called the ________ effect.

How one person views _______________ is often quite different than someone else's perceptions.