XYZ, Inc, Makes Consumer Products Such as Shampoo, Conditioner, Deodorant, and and Toothpaste

XYZ, Inc., makes consumer products such as shampoo, conditioner, deodorant, and toothpaste. Recently, market research conducted at an university revealed that consumer tastes have changed, and consumers now want their products to come in pastel colors. Currently, XYZ's products all follow a black packaging scheme. What source of change is this?

A) Human resource problem
B) Managerial decisions
C) Demographic characteristics
D) Manufacturing
E) Changing customer preferences