Question 1

The last step of Lewin's model of change is:

Accepted Answer

The last step of Lewin's model of change is refreezing, which involves ensuring that the new behavior or process becomes a permanent part of the organizational culture. It involves establishing new norms, values, and expectations, and reinforcing the changes made during the previous stages of unfreezing and changing. Therefore, the best choice is B, which represents refreezing.

Question 2

Which of the following is not an underlying assumption of Lewin's model?

Accepted Answer

This assumption is not part of Lewin's model. In fact, Lewin's model assumes that people can and do change, and that change is possible through a process of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

Question 3

XYZ, Inc., makes consumer products such as shampoo, conditioner, deodorant, and toothpaste. Recently, market research conducted at an university revealed that consumer tastes have changed, and consumers now want their products to come in pastel colors. Currently, XYZ's products all follow a black packaging scheme. What source of change is this?

Accepted Answer

The change in consumer tastes indicates a change in customer preferences.

Question 4

An example of social and political pressures for change is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of social and political pressures...

Question 5

The kind of change that is least complex, costly, and uncertain is:

Accepted Answer

Adaptive change involves making small adjustments within an organization to improve current processes or products. It is typically the least complex, costly, and uncertain type of change because it does not involve significant structural or strategic shifts.

Question 6

When Mr. Boss, the new CEO of XYZ Department Stores, took over, his first action was to get rid of the organization's existing marketing strategy, which was heavily based on couponing, and replaced it with a strategy of low prices every day, a policy with which some of its competitors were having much success. This was a(n) ________ change.

Accepted Answer

This change is considered innovative because it involves implementing a new strategy that is different from the existing one, but it is not radically innovative as it is based on strategies already successful for competitors.

Question 7

A(n) _____ is a compelling future state for an organization.

Accepted Answer

A vision is a statement that describes a compelling future state for an organization. It should inspire and motivate employees, stakeholders, and customers. Strategic plans are the specific actions and steps an organization will take to achieve its vision. Mission statements describe the organization's purpose and what it does. SWOT analysis assesses an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Organizational structure refers to the way an organization arranges its employees and resources to achieve its goals.

Question 8

The kind of change that is at the high end of the continuum of complexity, cost, and uncertainty is:

Accepted Answer

Radically innovative change involves introducing completely new products, services, or processes that require a high degree of creativity, risk-taking, and uncertainty. It often requires significant investment and may involve transforming an entire industry or market. This level of change is typically the most complex, expensive, and difficult to achieve, making it the high end of the continuum.

Question 9

The first step of Lewin's change model is:

Accepted Answer

The first step of Lewin's change model is Unfreezing, which involves preparing individuals or the organization for the upcoming change by breaking down the existing mindset and making them ready for the new ideas or processes.

Question 10

The focus of the refreezing stage of Lewin's change model is:

Accepted Answer

The focus of the refreezing stage of Lewin's change model is to integrate the new behavior or attitude into the group or organization's culture, so that it becomes the new norm. This involves reinforcing the new changes and making sure they become lasting habits. There is a need to embed the new ways of doing things in the team or organization's processes, systems, and structures, so they become institutionalized. This stage requires ongoing support and maintenance to ensure that people do not revert to their old ways of doing things.

Question 11

The common types of change differ in the degree to which they are:

Accepted Answer

The common types of change involve complexity, cost, uncertainty, and resistance. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 12

Which of the following is not an example of an internal force for change?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback from customers is an external force for change, as it is caused by factors outside of the organization's control. Internal forces for change are those that arise from within the organization, such as employee dissatisfaction, change of leadership, high absenteeism, or excessive conflict between managers and the board of directors.

Question 13

Able, Baker, and Charlie, Ltd., is an accounting partnership. The Internal Revenue Service has implemented new procedures for filing taxes beginning next year. What kind of change does this represent?

Accepted Answer

This change represents social and political pressures as it involves new government regulations and procedures that the partnership must comply with.

Question 14

Experimental University's president recently announced that instead of professors giving grades to students in their classes, students would give themselves grades. This would be a(n) _________ change.

Accepted Answer

This change is not just innovative, but radically innovative because it completely redefines the traditional role of professors in the grading process, giving the power to students instead. This change goes beyond simply adapting or tweaking an existing system, making it a radical departure from the norm.

Question 15

The focus of the changing stage of Lewin's change model is:

Accepted Answer

The changing stage of Lewin's change model is focused on providing new information, models, processes, procedures, equipment, technology, or ways of getting the job done. This stage involves identifying the areas where change is necessary and implementing the changes required for the new behavior or attitude. The focus is on providing people with the necessary tools and resources to adopt the new changes and encouraging them to embrace the change. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 16

Religuard is a pharmaceutical company that has factories in Taiwan. Due to environmental regulations in the country becoming stricter, Religuard has had to shut operations at three of its five manufacturing units. Which of the following forces of change had a role to play in the shutting down of these units?

Accepted Answer

Social and political pressures, in the form of stricter environmental regulations, forced Religuard to shut operations at three of its factories in Taiwan.

Question 17

The focus of the unfreezing stage of Lewin's change model is:

Accepted Answer

The unfreezing stage in Lewin's change model is about creating motivation for change by preparing individuals to accept that change is necessary.

Question 18

The corporate staff in the accounting department at ABC Corporation went on 12-hour days during the holiday season, just like the regular retail employees do during that season. This is an example of a(n) _________ change.

Accepted Answer

This change is an example of adaptive change, which is a modification of an existing practice or process to improve it or make it more effective without fundamentally altering it. The accounting department staff is adapting to the seasonal demands of the business, just like the retail employees do.

Question 19

Mr. Honcho, CEO of MBA Bank, decides that the organization needs to provide more convenient service to customers. He decides to increase the bank's service hours from 8 hours a day, Monday through Friday, to 12 hours a day, plus 8 hours a day each weekend day. He has his assistant compile a report that gives data on how the number of open hours of many banks is correlated with their customers' satisfaction, and presents these data to his executive committee. What stage of Lewin's change process is Mr. Honcho operating in?

Accepted Answer

Mr. Honcho is in the unfreezing stage of Lewin's change process because he is initiating a change by increasing the bank's service hours, and presenting data to his executive committee to justify the change.

Question 20

The reason an organization exists is articulated in its:

Accepted Answer

The mission statement is a succinct statement that captures the purpose of the organization and why it exists. It outlines the organization's primary objectives and goals and communicates the overall focus of the organization. The other options provide valuable information about the organization but do not specifically address its reason for existing.

Quiz 16: Managing Change and Stress