Question 1

The anxiety disorder in which the individual has anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and/or urges to perform repetitive, ritualistic behaviors to prevent or produce some future situation is called

Accepted Answer

This is a clear description of obsessive-compulsive disorder, also known as OCD. The individual experiences recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) that cause anxiety and may perform mental or physical acts (compulsions) to reduce the anxiety.

Question 2

_____ is an OCD-related disorder that involves a distressing preoccupation with imagined or slight flaws in one's physical appearance.

Accepted Answer

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) involves a preoccupation with imagined or slight flaws in one's appearance, leading to significant distress and impairment in functioning. BDD is considered an obsessive-compulsive related disorder, as it is often accompanied by compulsive behaviors such as excessive mirror checking, grooming, or seeking reassurance from others. Excoriation and trichotillomania are also OCD-related disorders but involve compulsive skin picking and hair pulling, respectively. Hoarding disorder is also considered an OCD-related disorder but involves excessive acquisition of and difficulty discarding possessions.

Question 3

In the context of OCD-related disorders, an individual with hoarding disorder is most likely to

Accepted Answer

Hoarding disorder is characterized by persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value, due to a perceived need to save them and the distress associated with discarding them. This behavior is not due to a lack of financial resources or living space. Therefore, an individual with hoarding disorder is most likely to find it difficult to throw things away, troubled by the feeling that he might need them at a later time.

Question 4

Each time Harry feels anxious, he compulsively pulls hair from his scalp or eyebrows.This compulsive urge to pull his hair has made him partially bald.Harry is most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following OCD-related disorders?

Accepted Answer

Trichotillomania, also known as hair-pulling disorder, involves recurrent and compulsive hair-pulling resulting in noticeable hair loss and distress. It is a type of OCD-related disorder. Hoarding disorder is characterized by difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, while excoriation involves recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions. Body dysmorphic disorder involves preoccupation with perceived flaws or defects in physical appearance.

Question 5

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Accepted Answer

OCD is often triggered by stressful life events and can develop as a coping mechanism. While there may be some genetic and neurological factors involved in OCD, stress is a known contributing factor.

Question 6

A man who is so afraid of flying and who would go to any length to avoid flying is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

The man's fear of flying is very specific and extreme, indicating that he may be suffering from a specific phobia, which refers to a persistent and irrational fear of a particular object or situation. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by disordered thinking, emotions, and behavior, and does not necessarily relate to a fear of flying. Panic disorder refers to the experience of unexpected and recurrent panic attacks, which may or may not be related to flying. Post-traumatic stress disorder refers to a specific response to a traumatic event and may not necessarily apply in this case unless the man has had a traumatic flying experience in the past.

Question 7

Emily is in the habit of picking at her skin every time she feels nervous or anxious.Emily engages in this kind of compulsive behavior to such an extent that she ends up bruising herself in the process.In the context of OCD-related disorders, Emily is most likely suffering from

Accepted Answer

Excoriation, also known as skin-picking disorder, is characterized by the repetitive picking at one's own skin to the extent that it causes damage. This behavior is often associated with anxiety, tension, and stress. Hoarding disorder is characterized by excessive collecting or difficulty discarding possessions, body dysmorphic disorder involves an exaggerated preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance, and trichotillomania is characterized by pulling out one's own hair.

Question 8

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which an individual has an intense fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in public.

Accepted Answer

Social phobia, also known as social anxiety disorder, is characterized by a persistent and excessive fear of being judged or scrutinized by others in social situations. It often leads to avoidance of social situations or significant distress when forced to participate in social activities. Thanatophobia is the fear of death, Xenophobia is the fear of strangers or foreigners, and Gamophobia is the fear of marriage or committed relationships.

Question 9

Alison had sustained severe injuries after being brutally attacked by a mad dog as a child.Following that incident, Alison has been experiencing an overwhelming sense of fear and paralysis every time she sees a dog.The fear is so intense that it keeps Alison from leaving her house.Alison believes that as long as she's inside her house, the chances of encountering a dog are slim.In the context of psychological disorders, Alison is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Alison's fear and avoidance of dogs after a traumatic incident is a classic symptom of specific phobia, which is characterized by intense and irrational fears of specific objects or situations that cause significant distress or interference with daily life. Social anxiety disorder involves a fear of social situations and being judged by others, obsessive-compulsive disorder involves intrusive and repetitive thoughts and behaviors, and generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive and uncontrollable worry about a variety of everyday topics.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of individuals diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with OCD often have obsessive thoughts or doubts that they dwell on and engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) in an attempt to alleviate their anxiety or fear. This cycle can become time-consuming and interfere with daily functioning. Option A characterizes social anxiety disorder, option C describes panic disorder, and option D is not true for individuals with OCD who often struggle to dismiss intrusive thoughts and compulsions.

Question 11

Alfred suffers from an extreme and irrational fear of spiders.His fear is exaggerated and disproportionate to the actual danger he might be in if he did encounter a spider.Alfred's fear of spiders is so intense that he would go to almost any length to avoid coming into contact with them.Alfred is most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

Alfred's symptoms are characteristic of a specific phobia, which involves an excessive and irrational fear of a particular object or situation. This fear is often out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the object or situation, and can cause significant distress and impairment in daily life. The fear is also persistent and enduring, even in the absence of the phobic object or situation. None of the other options mentioned (generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder) fit the specific symptoms described.

Question 12

Jillian can't bear to leave her home without washing all the linens and floors, vacuuming the carpets, and organizing everything in her cupboards.Because she knows that her behavior is extreme, she has tried to go to work without doing all these things, but she becomes overwhelmed with such dread that she never makes it all the way to the office.Jillian probably has

Accepted Answer

Jillian's behavior of feeling compelled to wash all linens and floors, vacuum carpets, and organize cupboards before leaving home indicates symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Her attempts to go to work without doing these things but becoming overwhelmed with dread suggest that these thoughts/compulsions are causing significant distress and impairment in daily life.

Question 13

The most common compulsion exhibited by individuals who have obsessive-compulsive disorder is excessive

Accepted Answer

Excessive cleaning or cleansing is the most common compulsion exhibited by individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder, as they feel the need to repeatedly clean or sanitize objects or environments to avoid perceived harm or contamination.

Question 14

Brenda is constantly in the habit of arranging and rearranging the things in her house.She feels very anxious when things are not arranged symmetrically and engages in this behavior to dismiss her negative feelings.Consequently, Brenda forbids children from entering her house because she is afraid that they will disturb the balance of orderliness.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders, Brenda is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Brenda's behavior of constantly arranging and rearranging things in her house, feeling anxious when things are not arranged symmetrically, and forbidding children from entering her house to maintain orderliness suggests symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This disorder is characterized by persistent and intrusive thoughts, urges or images that are uncontrollable and repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels compelled to perform to alleviate the anxiety caused by obsessions.

Question 15

Alex cannot control his impulse to wash his hands every five minutes.He washes his hands almost 100 times a day because he is terrified of being contaminated by germs.If Alex doesn't wash his hands, he experiences overwhelming anxiety.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders, it can be inferred that Alex is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Alex's behavior of washing his hands multiple times to alleviate anxiety is a classic symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder. People with OCD often have intense and distressing obsessions (in this case, fear of germs) that they attempt to control through compulsive behaviors (hand washing).

Question 16

_____ are recurrent thoughts, and _____ are recurrent behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, while compulsions are recurrent behaviors.

Question 17

Eric has an extreme fear of being humiliated in public.As a result, he avoids public gatherings and functions.The thought of speaking in front of the crowd induces panic in him.Which of the following best describes Eric's disorder?

Accepted Answer

Eric's extreme fear of being humiliated in public and avoidance of social gatherings suggests that he has social phobia, also known as social anxiety disorder.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about specific phobia is true?

Accepted Answer

Many explanations of specific phobias view these disorders as based on experiences and learned associations.

Question 19

Diana is afraid to throw things away because she feels that she might need them in the future.Consequently, Diana compulsively collects and stores large quantities of old newspapers, broken crockery, and old clothes.In the context of OCD-related disorders, Diana's excessive acquisition of objects and her inability to discard them are typical characteristics of

Accepted Answer

Diana's behavior is consistent with hoarding disorder, which is characterized by persistent difficulty discarding possessions, regardless of their actual value, due to a perceived need to save them and a fear of losing them. Trichotillomania involves recurrent hair pulling, excoriation involves recurrent skin picking, and body dysmorphic disorder involves preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in one's appearance. While these disorders may also involve compulsive behavior, they do not have the same focus on the acquisition and retention of objects as hoarding disorder.

Question 20

What differentiates people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) from those who don't have OCD?

Accepted Answer

People with OCD have difficulty ignoring or dismissing negative, intrusive thoughts, whereas individuals without OCD are typically able to do so. The other options listed are not necessarily correlated with the presence or absence of OCD.

Quiz 12: Psychological Disorders