Question 1

The system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living best defines:
A) society.
B) value systems.
C) principles.
D) culture.

Accepted Answer

Culture refers to the beliefs, values, attitudes, customs and practices shared by a group of people. It is a pattern of learned behaviors and beliefs that shape the way people live and interact with each other within a society.

Question 2

A group of people who share a common set of values and norms form a:
A) culture.
B) society.
C) country.
D) caste.

Accepted Answer

A society is a group of people who share common values and norms. Culture refers to the set of values, beliefs, and customs shared by a group of people. A country refers to a geographical region with its own government and boundaries. A caste refers to a social class structure based on birth and occupation, which is not necessarily related to shared values and norms.

Question 3

Which of the following is a consequence of the emphasis on individual performance in many Western societies?
A) Decreased entrepreneurship
B) High degree of managerial mobility
C) Increased loyalty towards an individual company
D) Executives are not exposed to different ways of doing business

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on individual performance often leads to a high degree of managerial mobility where individuals are constantly seeking new and better opportunities for personal career advancement. This can result in a culture of job-hopping and lack of loyalty towards one company. However, it can also lead to a higher level of entrepreneurship as individuals seek to create their own businesses and become their own bosses. Executives are also more likely to be exposed to different ways of doing business through their experiences in different companies.

Question 4

A Japanese executive's ritual of presenting a business card to a foreign business executive is an example of:
A) mores.
B) values.
C) attitudes.
D) folkways.

Accepted Answer

The Japanese executive's ritual of presenting a business card is an example of a folkway, which is a socially accepted behavior or custom that is specific to a particular culture or society. It is not an expression of deeply held values (B), attitudes (C), or formal norms (mores) (A).

Question 5

Which of the following statements about values and norms of a culture is NOT true?
A) The values and norms of a society do not emerge fully formed.
B) The values and norms of a society are the evolutionary product of a number of factors.
C) The values and norms of a society are influenced by religion.
D) The values and norms of a society do not influence social structure.

Accepted Answer

The statement "The values and norms of a society do not influence social structure" is not true. In fact, values and norms play a significant role in shaping social structure, as they determine the expectations and behaviors of individuals within a society.

Question 6

An act,as simple as shaking hands when meeting new people is an example of:
A) values.
B) symbolic behavior.
C) mores.
D) social stratification.

Accepted Answer

Shaking hands is a symbolic behavior that carries meaning and significance in social interactions. It is a common gesture in many cultures to show respect, trust, and agreement. Values are beliefs and attitudes that guide behavior, mores are norms that are considered to be highly important for the well-being of the society, and social stratification refers to the hierarchical ranking of individuals or groups in a society based on their status, power, and wealth.

Question 7

Mores are:
A) the norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and its social life.
B) the routine conventions of everyday life.
C) abstract ideas about what a group believes to be right,good,and desirable.
D) the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations.

Accepted Answer

Mores are the norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and its social life. They often involve moral judgments and have serious consequences if violated. Examples include prohibitions against murder and theft. The other choices, B, C, and D, refer to different types of norms or values, but do not specifically define mores.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about mores is true?
A) Mores are the routine conventions of daily life.
B) Mores are actions of little moral significance.
C) In many societies,certain mores have been enacted into law.
D) People who violate mores may be thought of as ill-mannered,but they are not considered to be evil.

Accepted Answer

Mores are norms that are highly important for the well-being of society and violating them can lead to serious consequences. In many societies, some mores are formalized into laws and violating them may result in legal punishment.

Question 9

A society's social structure refers to its:
A) system of values and norms.
B) basic social organization.
C) religious practices.
D) educational infrastructure.

Accepted Answer

A society's social structure refers to its basic social organization, including its institutions, social hierarchies, and patterns of social interaction. This includes things like the family structure, economic system, political organization, and systems of stratification based on factors such as class, race, or gender. Values, norms, religious practices, and educational infrastructure may all be part of a society's social structure, but they are not the primary defining features of it.

Question 10

Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born?
A) Caste stratification
B) Class system
C) Social mobility
D) Individual potential

Accepted Answer

Social mobility refers to the ability of individuals to move up or down in the social hierarchy. This can be achieved through factors such as education, occupation, and income. Caste stratification and class system are both forms of social stratification, but do not specifically address social mobility. Individual potential is a broad concept that refers to an individual's inherent abilities and characteristics that may influence their mobility, but is not a specific term for social mobility.

Question 11

The social organization of Western society tends to emphasize on:
A) a group orientation.
B) collectivist values.
C) individual achievement.
D) work groups.

Accepted Answer

Western society tends to value individual achievement and success. This can be seen in the emphasis on competition, meritocracy, and individual rights and freedoms. While there may be work groups and team-oriented approaches in certain contexts, the overall social organization tends to prioritize individuals' ability to work hard and succeed on their own.

Question 12

Which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born,and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime?
A) Caste system
B) Class system
C) Social system
D) Cultural system

Accepted Answer

The caste system is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime. The other options listed - class system, social system, and cultural system - are not closed systems of stratification and allow for at least some degree of social mobility.

Question 13

_____ is/are best defined as shared assumptions about how things ought to be.
A) Norms
B) Values
C) Society
D) Culture

Accepted Answer

Values are shared assumptions about how things ought to be. Norms are specific guidelines or expectations for behavior within a culture, society refers to a group of people living in a particular geographic area, and culture is a broad concept that encompasses values, norms, beliefs, behaviors, and artifacts.

Question 14

Norms refer to:
A) the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations.
B) a system of values that are shared among a group of people.
C) the routine conventions of everyday life.
D) abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good,right,and desirable.

Accepted Answer

Norms are social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations. Option B refers to values, option C refers to conventions, and option D refers to beliefs.

Question 15

The emphasis on individualism in the United States results in all of the following disadvantages EXCEPT:
A) managers tend to develop good general skills but lack the company-specific experience.
B) difficulty in building teams within an organization to perform collective tasks.
C) executives are not exposed to different ways of doing business.
D) difficulty to achieve cooperation both within a company and between companies.

Accepted Answer

The emphasis on individualism in the United States results in executives being exposed to different ways of doing business, as they are encouraged to think for themselves and innovate. A, B, and D are all disadvantages that can result from an emphasis on individualism.

Question 16

_____ are the routine conventions of everyday life.
A) Folkways
B) Mores
C) Rites
D) Beliefs

Accepted Answer

Folkways are the routine conventions of everyday life such as manners, dress codes, and other socially accepted behaviors. Mores are more serious norms that carry serious consequences if violated, such as laws and religious beliefs. Rites are formal, ceremonial behaviors that mark important occasions. Beliefs are the convictions or principles that people hold to be true. Therefore, the best choice to answer the question is A) Folkways.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT true regarding culture?
A) Culture is static.
B) Culture varies across and within nations.
C) Culture is a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people.
D) Culture involves the knowledge and beliefs of people.

Accepted Answer

Culture is not static, but rather it is dynamic and constantly evolving.

Question 18

Cross-cultural literacy refers to:
A) an individual's self-concept derived from perceived membership in a relevant social group.
B) the phenomenon of merging and converging cultures.
C) abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good,right,and desirable.
D) an understanding of how cultural differences can affect business.

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural literacy refers to the ability to understand and navigate cultural differences in communication, behavior, and customs. This is particularly important in business settings where cultural misunderstandings can lead to lost opportunities or damaged relationships. Therefore, option D is the correct choice as it explicitly mentions the relevance of cultural differences in business. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not explicitly address the importance of cultural literacy in a business context.

Question 19

_____ are social conventions concerning things such as the appropriate dress code in a particular situation,good social manners,eating with the correct utensils,neighborly behavior,and the like.
A) Values
B) Beliefs
C) Mores
D) Folkways

Accepted Answer

Folkways are social conventions and norms that govern everyday behavior, such as dress codes, manners, and eating habits. They are not considered to be morally binding, but rather reflect the customs and habits of a particular culture or society. Values and beliefs are more abstract concepts that guide individual and collective behavior, while mores are more culturally significant norms that are considered to be morally binding.

Question 20

Social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations are best described as:
A) norms.
B) values.
C) culture.
D) society.

Accepted Answer

Social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations are known as norms. Values are beliefs about what is important or desirable, while culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group or society. Society encompasses the totality of social relationships among individuals in a given geographic location.

Quiz 4: Differences in Culture

The system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living best defines:

A group of people who share a common set of values and norms form a:

Which of the following is a consequence of the emphasis on individual performance in many Western societies?

A Japanese executive's ritual of presenting a business card to a foreign business executive is an example of:

Which of the following statements about values and norms of a culture is NOT true?

An act,as simple as shaking hands when meeting new people is an example of:

Mores are:

Which of the following statements about mores is true?

A society's social structure refers to its:

Which of the following refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they are born?

The social organization of Western society tends to emphasize on:

Which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born,and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime?

_____ is/are best defined as shared assumptions about how things ought to be.

Norms refer to:

The emphasis on individualism in the United States results in all of the following disadvantages EXCEPT:

_____ are the routine conventions of everyday life.

Which of the following is NOT true regarding culture?

Cross-cultural literacy refers to:

_____ are social conventions concerning things such as the appropriate dress code in a particular situation,good social manners,eating with the correct utensils,neighborly behavior,and the like.

Social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations are best described as: