Question 1

James McKeen Cattell is known for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

James McKeen Cattell is best known for his work in reaction time research, where he devised new apparatus and techniques for measuring reaction times more accurately and in a wider variety of situations than had ever been done before. He did not invent the "subtractive" method as suggested in option A. He also did not write Principles of Physiological Psychology as suggested in option C, which was actually written by Wilhelm Wundt. While he did have disagreements with Wundt, it was not specifically about spirituality and did not cause him to leave Leipzig as suggested in option B.

Question 2

In Wundt's theory,a creative synthesis accompanies acts of:

Accepted Answer

In Wundt's theory, creative synthesis is associated with apperception, which involves the active and conscious organization of elements into a unified whole.

Question 3

Which were the four basic dimensions of sensations in Wundt's scheme?

Accepted Answer

Wundt's scheme included the four basic dimensions of sensations as mode, quality, intensity, and duration. None of the other answer choices accurately capture these dimensions.

Question 4

Wundtian introspective studies analyzed consciousness in terms of:

Accepted Answer

Wundtian introspective studies focused on analyzing consciousness in terms of sensations and feelings, as he considered these the basic elements of the human mind.

Question 5

Wundt and his students found that it took a subject about one-tenth of a second longer to respond to a stimulus when concentrating attention on the expected stimulus,as opposed to when concentrating on the required response. To what process did they attribute the extra time?

Accepted Answer

Wundt and his students attributed the extra time to apperception, which is the process of becoming aware of or attending to a stimulus. When subjects were concentrating on the expected stimulus, they were attending to it and thus delaying their response time.

Question 6

Wundt's "thought meter" experiment challenged which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Wundt's "thought meter" experiment demonstrated that when two different stimuli are presented in close succession, individuals do not perceive them at the same instant, challenging the assumption that simultaneous stimuli are processed simultaneously in consciousness.

Question 7

According to Wundt,voluntaristic psychology was:

Accepted Answer

Wundt's voluntaristic psychology was an approach that focused on the introspective analysis of mental processes, with an emphasis on the will and the voluntary aspect of consciousness. He described events such as apperception, creative synthesis, and psychic causality, which he believed operated at the periphery of conscious experience. This approach was distinct from structuralist psychology, which aimed to describe the elemental components of consciousness without concern for their function or purpose. Therefore, the correct answer is C, as it accurately describes Wundt's approach to psychology.

Question 8

Which of the following was not proposed in the Preface of Wundt's early textbook,Contributions to the Theory of Perception,where he described the program that would occupy him for the rest of his life?

Accepted Answer

Wundt's early work focused on experimental psychology and the study of consciousness, as well as historical and comparative analyses for higher mental functions, but not on individual differences or personality psychology.

Question 9

Why was Wundt's landmark book Principles of Physiological Psychology (1874)important?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why was Wundt's landmark book Principles of...

Question 10

Why was Wundtian psychology mistakenly characterized for many years in English-speaking countries as "structuralism"?

Accepted Answer

Wundt's works were largely untranslated, and Titchener, a prominent student, emphasized structuralism, leading to a mischaracterization of Wundt's broader psychological theories.

Question 11

Which of the following was not an essential aspect of Wundt's research on mental chronometry?

Accepted Answer

Introspection was a method used by Wundt, but it was not an essential aspect of his research on mental chronometry, which focused more on measuring reaction times and using the subtractive procedure to study cognitive processes.

Question 12

In recent years,Wundt's theories have been recognized for their relevance to which current psychological specialty?

Accepted Answer

Wundt's theories on introspection and conscious experience have been recognized as relevant to both psycholinguistics and cognitive psychology. Psycholinguistics, the study of language and its cognitive processes, incorporates Wundt's ideas on the importance of introspection in understanding mental processes. Cognitive psychology, the study of mental processes such as attention, perception, and memory, also builds upon Wundt's theories on introspection and consciousness. However, his theories are less relevant to intelligence testing which focuses more on measuring cognitive abilities and aptitude.

Question 13

Who is often regarded as the "father" of modern academic and experimental psychology?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt is often regarded as the "father" of modern academic and experimental psychology because he established the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in 1879 and is credited with founding psychology as a separate scientific discipline.

Question 14

As indicated by studies in Wundt's laboratory,what wasthe maximum number of individual units that could be apperceived at once?

Accepted Answer

According to studies in Wundt's laboratory, the maximum number of individual units that could be apperceived at once is 4 to 6.

Question 15

Johann Zöllner,Wundt's older colleague and one-time supporter at Leipzig,came to bitterly oppose him because of Wundt's:

Accepted Answer

Johann Zöllner was a believer in spiritualism and paranormal phenomena, which Wundt was skeptical of and sought to scientifically investigate. This difference in belief led to a bitter opposition between the two colleagues.

Question 16

One of the major topics covered in Wundt's Völkerpsychologie was:

Accepted Answer

One of the major topics covered in Wundt's Völkerpsychologie was language. Mental chronometry and the tri-dimensional theory of feeling were also studied by Wundt, but they were not the main focus of Völkerpsychologie.

Question 17

Wundt's introspective techniques called for:

Accepted Answer

Wundt's introspective techniques required the subjects to focus on relatively simple and immediately recallable stimulus situations, as opposed to complex or abstract stimuli. This allowed for greater control and precision in the observations and reports made by the subjects. Option B is incorrect because Wundt's approach was focused on objective observation rather than subjective emotional experiences. Option C is also incorrect because Wundt did not emphasize recall of childhood events in his introspective techniques.

Question 18

One of the Wundtian mental chronometry experiments had one condition in which the subject was required to make a different response to each of two different stimuli,and another in which two stimuli were randomly presented but only one had to be responded to. The mental process presumably required for the first task,but not for the second,was:

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the Wundtian mental chronometry experiments...

Question 19

Wundt classified feelings according to what the three basic dimensions?

Accepted Answer

Wundt classified feelings according to the three basic dimensions of pleasantness-unpleasantness, tension-relaxation, and activity-passivity.

Question 20

For Wundt,the most basic unit of thought is:

Accepted Answer

According to Wundt, a "general impression" capable of being expressed by many different combinations of words is the most basic unit of thought, known as a mental image. This is different from a word or train of associated ideas, as it refers to a single, primitive element of thought that cannot be broken down any further. Unconscious sensations are not considered units of thought in Wundt's theory.

Quiz 5: Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology