Question 1

Though controversial,studies indicate that self-esteem:

Accepted Answer

Studies indicate that self-esteem declines in adolescent girls, which is a controversial finding. The reasons for this decline are complex and multifaceted, but factors such as the onset of puberty, pressure to conform to unrealistic beauty standards, and social comparisons with peers may contribute to the decrease.

Question 2

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following developmental stages is experienced by an individual during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's developmental stage for adolescence is Identity versus identity confusion. During this stage, individuals seek to establish a clear sense of who they are, their values, and beliefs. They explore different roles and experiment with different identities before committing to one. This stage is crucial for the development of a stable sense of self.

Question 3

_____ are excessively self-centered,self-congratulatory,and view their own needs and desires as paramount.

Accepted Answer

The word "narcissist" specifically refers to someone who is excessively self-centered and self-congratulatory, and sees their own needs and desires as more important than those of others.

Question 4

A New Zealand longitudinal study assessed the self-esteem of adolescents at 11,13,and 15 years of age and then assessed the adjustment and competence of the same individuals when they were 26 years old.Its results indicated:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A New Zealand longitudinal study assessed the...

Question 5

According to Erik Erikson,during the _____ stage,adolescents are faced with deciding who they are,what they are all about,and where they are going in life.

Accepted Answer

According to Erik Erikson, the fifth stage of psychosocial development is identity versus identity confusion, which occurs during adolescence. This stage is characterized by adolescents trying to form a sense of self, figure out their values and beliefs, and determine their direction in life. It is a crucial period for identity development and if not resolved successfully, can lead to confusion and a lack of direction in adult life.

Question 6

Identity development:

Accepted Answer

Identity development is a complex and ongoing process that happens in bits and pieces, involving exploration, trial and error, and continuous reflection and adaptation. It is not a single, neat process that gets done once and for all, nor does it happen cataclysmically (suddenly and dramatically). Making decisions about one's identity is an important part of the process, but these decisions may need to be revisited and revised as individuals continue to grow and develop.

Question 7

Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer from what Erikson calls _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their...

Question 8

Which of the following is the term that most researchers use to describe crisis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the term...

Question 9

Holly is a quiet and introverted person.She feels stressed whenever she has to interact with a lot of people.Which of the following BEST describes this aspect of Holly's identity?

Accepted Answer

Holly's introverted nature and how it affects her behavior in social situations is a characteristic of her personality, which is the collection of inner traits and behaviors that make up a person. The other options - interests, physical identity, and relationship identity - do not adequately address Holly's tendency towards introversion.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about identity development is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Identity encompasses an individual's personality characteristics, but it is a complex and ongoing process that may involve multiple stages and revisions throughout the lifespan. It is not a simple or one-step process, and decisions about identity may continue to evolve over time.

Question 11

According to James Marcia,what determines an individual's identity status?

Accepted Answer

According to James Marcia's theory of identity development, an individual's identity status is determined by the presence or absence of a crisis and commitment to a particular role or set of values. This means that the individual must go through a process of exploring different identity options before making a commitment to one. The other factors listed, such as access to choices, socioeconomic and academic profile, and parental and social support, may play a role in the process, but they are not the primary determinants of identity status.

Question 12

_____ reflects an individual's personal investment in identity.

Accepted Answer

Commitment refers to a sense of dedication and investment in one's identity, beliefs, or goals. It implies a willingness to devote time and energy to pursuing one's interests and maintaining one's relationships. While collaboration, calling, and conscientiousness may also be related to personal identity, they do not necessarily reflect the same level of investment or commitment.

Question 13

Which of the following is the term Erik Erikson uses to describe the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy?

Accepted Answer

Erikson uses the term "psychosocial moratorium" to describe the period between childhood security and adult autonomy where individuals may experiment with different roles and identities before settling into a more stable sense of self. The other choices, "sociological amnesty", "societal moratorium", and "behavioral reprieve" are not terms used by Erikson in his theory of psychosocial development.

Question 14

What is the term Erikson uses to describe a period in which society leaves adolescents relatively free of responsibilities and free to try out different identities?

Accepted Answer

Erikson uses the term psychosocial moratorium to describe a period in which society leaves adolescents relatively free of responsibilities and free to try out different identities.

Question 15

Richard believes he is gay.This orientation is part of Richard's _____ identity.

Accepted Answer

Sexual orientation refers to the gender(s) to which a person is attracted romantically, emotionally, and/or sexually. Therefore, Richard's belief that he is gay is related to his sexual identity.

Question 16

Eriksonian researcher James Marcia reasons that Erikson's theory of identity development contains _____ of identity,or ways of resolving the identity crisis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Eriksonian researcher James Marcia reasons that Erikson's...

Question 17

An individual's body image encompasses his or her _____.

Accepted Answer

Body image refers specifically to an individual's perception of his or her own physical body. While sexual identity, personality, and relationship identity all play a role in shaping an individual's self-concept, they are distinct from body image.

Question 18

_____ refers to a self-centered and self-concerned approach toward others.

Accepted Answer

Narcissism is defined as a personality disorder characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. It is a self-centered and self-concerned approach toward others, as the individual is primarily focused on their own needs and desires, often to the detriment of others. Egocentrism and egotism are related concepts, but refer more generally to a focus on oneself rather than a specific personality disorder. Solipsism is a philosophical view that only one's own mind is sure to exist.

Question 19

_____ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives.

Accepted Answer

Crisis is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives. This is a time of uncertainty and decision-making where the individual is trying to figure out their values, beliefs, and goals.

Question 20

Which of the following is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is Erikson's fifth...

Quiz 12: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence