Question 1

How does the development of self-understanding change from middle to late childhood? Illustrate your answer with examples.

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Question 2

While researching the reasons for the large cross-cultural differences,Stevenson and his colleagues observed that more than _____ of total classroom time in the first grade was spent on math instruction in Japan,compared with only _____ of the time in the U.S.first-grade classrooms.

Accepted Answer

According to the information given in the question, more than one-fourth of total classroom time in the first grade was spent on math instruction in Japan, compared with only one-tenth of the time in the U.S. first-grade classrooms. This means that choice A, one-fourth and one-tenth, is the correct answer.

Question 3

What is the term that is used to identify the presence of positive masculine and feminine characteristics in the same individual?

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Question 4

Identify the peer status held by children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend and are actively disliked by peers.

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Question 5

Identify the psychosocial theorist who proposed that there are eight stages of human development.The fourth stage,industry versus inferiority,appears during middle and late childhood.

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Question 6

Leilani is in a class where the teacher emphasizes learning through things like drama productions,team activities,and a variety of other activities.The class works in cooperative groups for history reports and science projects.Identify the teaching style that Leilani's teacher is utilizing.

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Question 7

What according to Carol Dweck is the term for a cognitive view that individuals develop for themselves?

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Question 8

Explain the concept of androgyny,and give an example of a person who is androgynous.

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Question 9

What is the term for a structured,teacher-centered approach that is oriented toward the goal of maximizing student learning time?

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Question 10

List and describe the levels of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development.

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Question 11

Carol Dweck defines the cognitive view individuals develop for themselves as:

Accepted Answer

Carol Dweck's definition refers specifically to a person's belief system and how it shapes their approach to learning and growth. This aligns with her concept of mindset, which can either be a fixed mindset or a growth mindset. Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in their ability to succeed at a particular task, and metacognition refers to a person's awareness and understanding of their own thought processes. Mind map refers to a visual tool used for organizing information.

Question 12

Karen believes that her qualities and learning abilities cannot change despite all her efforts.Therefore,she has decided not to try at all and let her grades plummet.According to Carol Dweck,which of the following BEST describes Karen's mindset?

Accepted Answer

Karen's belief that her qualities and learning abilities cannot change regardless of her efforts reflects a fixed mindset, according to Carol Dweck's theories. A fixed mindset is characterized by the belief that one's intelligence, talents, and abilities are fixed at birth and cannot be developed or improved upon. Karen's decision to stop trying and let her grades plummet is consistent with this mindset.

Question 13

Define self-efficacy.How do children with low self-efficacy for learning differ from children having high self-efficacy for learning?

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Question 14

Identify the social cognitive theorist who stated that self-efficacy is a critical factor in whether or not students achieve.

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Question 15

What is the term for the belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes?

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Question 16

Identify the theorist who criticized most theories of moral development,and argued that they reflect a gender bias.He/she proposed an alternate perspective that emphasizes connectedness with others.

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Question 17

Carol Dweck (2006)concluded that individuals have one of two mindsets,namely fixed mindset and ________ mindset.

Accepted Answer

According to Carol Dweck, individuals have either a fixed mindset or a growth mindset. A fixed mindset is the belief that intelligence, abilities, and talents are fixed and cannot be changed or developed, while a growth mindset believes that intelligence, abilities, and talents can be developed and improved with effort and hard work. Therefore, the correct answer is B) growth mindset.

Question 18

Identify the third level of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning.At this (the highest)level,morality is more internal.

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Question 19

Distinguish between self-esteem and self-concept.

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Question 20

Individuals with a(n)_____ mindset believe their qualities can change and improve through their effort.

Accepted Answer

The description fits with the concept of a growth mindset. Those with a growth mindset are more likely to embrace challenges, persist in the face of obstacles, and see effort as a necessary path to mastery. They also tend to learn from criticism and use it constructively.

Quiz 10: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood