Question 1

What causes the autism spectrum disorders?

Accepted Answer

The current scientific consensus is that autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that affect brain development. Research has shown that ASD is associated with abnormalities in brain structure and neurotransmitters, indicating a brain dysfunction. Improper family socialization, damage to the prefrontal cortex, and childhood immunizations have been suggested as possible causes in the past; however, there is no scientific evidence to support these claims.

Question 2

A child is presented with two identical balls of clay.The experimenter rolls one ball into a long,thin shape; the other remains in its original ball form.The child is then asked if there is more clay in the ball or in the long,thin piece of clay.If the child answers the problem correctly,but cannot use abstract reasoning yet,the child most likely is in which stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory?

Accepted Answer

The child is likely in the Concrete operational stage, where they can understand the concept of conservation but may not yet be capable of abstract reasoning.

Question 3

From the following options identify the disorder that consists of serious,persistent problems involving relationships,aggression,depression,and fears associated with personal or school matters,as well as other inappropriate socioemotional characteristics.Approximately eight percent of children who have a disability and require an individualized education plan fall into this classification.

Accepted Answer

The disorder described in the question is emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). EBD encompasses a range of conditions that can significantly impact a child's ability to function in school and in their personal lives. This may include problems with relationships, aggression, depression, anxiety, and other inappropriate socioemotional characteristics. About 8% of children who have a disability and require an individualized education plan fall into this classification, according to the U.S. Department of Education. Autism, ADHD, and learning disorders all involve a different set of symptoms and characteristics than those described in the question.

Question 4

Three-year-old Jared was taken to the doctor by his parents who were concerned by his seeming lack of attachment to those around him.Jared hardly spoke at all and spent all day preoccupied with bouncing his ball off a wall.After a thorough investigation,his pediatrician diagnosed him with:

Accepted Answer

Jared's lack of attachment, lack of speech, and preoccupation with a solitary activity such as bouncing a ball off the wall are all symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. ADHD may involve hyperactivity, impulsivity, and difficulty focusing, but it does not typically involve a lack of attachment or delayed speech. Fragile X syndrome and ICF syndrome may cause intellectual and developmental disabilities, but they are not typically associated with the specific symptoms described for Jared.

Question 5

Luis is able to organize coins in a row from the largest in size to the smallest.His newfound ability is called:

Accepted Answer

Seriation is the ability to arrange objects in a particular order, such as size or length. In this case, Luis is organizing the coins in a row from the largest to the smallest, demonstrating his seriation abilities.

Question 6

_____ is a relatively mild autism spectrum disorder in which the child has relatively good verbal language,milder nonverbal language problems,and a restricted range of interests and relationships.

Accepted Answer

Asperger syndrome is a relatively mild autism spectrum disorder in which the child has relatively good verbal language, milder nonverbal language problems, and a restricted range of interests and relationships. Fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, and ICF syndrome are unrelated genetic conditions.

Question 7

In relation to the cognitive development theory,Piaget proposed that the concrete operational stage lasts from approximately _____ years of age.

Accepted Answer

Piaget proposed that the concrete operational stage lasts from approximately 7 to 11 years of age. During this stage, children become more logical and use reasoning to solve problems. They also develop the ability to understand conservation and reversibility of actions.

Question 8

A(n)_____ is a written statement that spells out a program that is specifically tailored for the student with a disability.

Accepted Answer

An individualized education plan (IEP) is a written statement that spells out a program that is specifically tailored for the student with a disability. It outlines the student's strengths and weaknesses, sets measurable goals and objectives, and identifies the services and support the student will receive to help achieve those goals.

Question 9

Children who have reached the concrete operational stage are capable of _____,which is the ability to order stimuli along a quantitative dimension,such as length.

Accepted Answer

Seriation is the ability to order stimuli along a quantitative dimension, such as length. Centration refers to the tendency to focus on one characteristic of an object or situation in exclusion of all others. Reversibility is the ability to mentally undo an action. Classification is the ability to understand that objects can belong to multiple categories at the same time.

Question 10

Boys are estimated to be _____ more likely to have autism spectrum disorders than are girls.

Accepted Answer

Boys are estimated to be about five times more likely to have autism spectrum disorders than girls, according to research and statistics from organizations like the CDC.

Question 11

_____ is a severe developmental disorder that has its onset in the first three years of life and includes deficiencies in social relationships,abnormalities in communication,and restricted,repetitive,and stereotyped patterns of behavior.

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question matches with the diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder, which is a severe developmental disorder commonly known as autism. Asperger syndrome and ADHD have some overlapping symptoms with autism, but they are different disorders. ICF syndrome, on the other hand, is a rare genetic disorder that affects various body systems and is not related to autism.

Question 12

Jacob is a third-grader and has a disability that has caused him to be separated from his peers during the school day.Recently Jacob has been moved to the regular third-grade classroom.This is an instance of:

Accepted Answer

Jacob being moved to the regular third-grade classroom indicates that he is now being included with his peers. Inclusion refers to the practice of educating students with disabilities in regular classrooms alongside their non-disabled peers. This promotes socialization and provides opportunities for full participation in the school community.

Question 13

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest.He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C,then A is longer than C This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

Accepted Answer

The ability to understand that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C, then A is longer than C is an example of transitivity. Transitivity is the ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions. Seriation refers to the ability to arrange objects in a specific order, while transduction refers to the ability to understand cause-and-effect relationships. Classification is the ability to group objects or ideas together based on similar characteristics.

Question 14

_____ develop(s)more rapidly during early childhood,and _____ develop(s)more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that short-term memory capacity increases significantly during early childhood, while long-term memory develops more gradually and continues to improve throughout middle and late childhood.

Question 15

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act,enacted in 1975,required that:

Accepted Answer

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act, also known as IDEA, required that all students with disabilities be given a free, appropriate public education. This meant that schools were required to provide special education services to meet the individual needs of students with disabilities, and that they could not discriminate against students based on their disability. The law also required that schools develop an individualized education plan (IEP) for each student with a disability, which specifies the services and accommodations needed to help the student succeed in school.

Question 16

The _____ is a setting that is as similar as possible to the one in which children who do not have a disability are educated.

Accepted Answer

The least restrictive environment (LRE) is a setting that provides students with disabilities the most opportunities to be included in general education settings that are as similar as possible to those in which students without disabilities are educated. It ensures that students with disabilities have access to the general education curriculum and receive the support they need to be successful. This approach promotes inclusivity and allows for the development of social and academic skills in a natural and equitable environment.

Question 17

Sadie has a learning disability and is being educated in the least restrictive environment possible.This means that Sadie:

Accepted Answer

Being educated in the "least restrictive environment possible" means that Sadie is placed in a regular classroom as much as possible while still receiving the special education support she needs. This approach is often used for students with disabilities to promote inclusion and allow them to be educated alongside their non-disabled peers.

Question 18

Which of the following has been often found to be better at improving the behavior of children with ADHD?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that a combination of stimulant medication and behavior management is the most effective approach for improving the behavior of children with ADHD. While medication can help reduce symptoms such as hyperactivity and impulsivity, behavior management techniques can help teach children coping strategies and improve their social and academic functioning. Sedatives are not typically used in treating ADHD as they can have negative side effects and do not address the core symptoms of the disorder.

Question 19

A recent study revealed that peak thickness of the cerebral cortex occurs _____ in children with ADHD than in children without ADHD.

Accepted Answer

The peak thickness of the cerebral cortex occurs three years later in children with ADHD than in children without ADHD, indicating a delay in reaching this developmental milestone compared to their peers without ADHD.

Question 20

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (2013)estimates,_____ children had an autism spectrum disorder in 2008.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (2013) estimates, 1 in 88 children had an autism spectrum disorder in 2008. This is the only option that matches this statistic.

Quiz 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

What causes the autism spectrum disorders?

Three-year-old Jared was taken to the doctor by his parents who were concerned by his seeming lack of attachment to those around him.Jared hardly spoke at all and spent all day preoccupied with bouncing his ball off a wall.After a thorough investigation,his pediatrician diagnosed him with:

Luis is able to organize coins in a row from the largest in size to the smallest.His newfound ability is called:

_____ is a relatively mild autism spectrum disorder in which the child has relatively good verbal language,milder nonverbal language problems,and a restricted range of interests and relationships.

In relation to the cognitive development theory,Piaget proposed that the concrete operational stage lasts from approximately _____ years of age.

A(n) _____ is a written statement that spells out a program that is specifically tailored for the student with a disability.

Children who have reached the concrete operational stage are capable of _____,which is the ability to order stimuli along a quantitative dimension,such as length.

Boys are estimated to be _____ more likely to have autism spectrum disorders than are girls.

_____ is a severe developmental disorder that has its onset in the first three years of life and includes deficiencies in social relationships,abnormalities in communication,and restricted,repetitive,and stereotyped patterns of behavior.

Jacob is a third-grader and has a disability that has caused him to be separated from his peers during the school day.Recently Jacob has been moved to the regular third-grade classroom.This is an instance of:

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest.He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C,then A is longer than C This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

_ develop(s) more rapidly during early childhood,and _ develop(s) more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act,enacted in 1975,required that:

The _____ is a setting that is as similar as possible to the one in which children who do not have a disability are educated.

Sadie has a learning disability and is being educated in the least restrictive environment possible.This means that Sadie:

Which of the following has been often found to be better at improving the behavior of children with ADHD?

A recent study revealed that peak thickness of the cerebral cortex occurs _____ in children with ADHD than in children without ADHD.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (2013) estimates,_____ children had an autism spectrum disorder in 2008.

Quiz 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

What causes the autism spectrum disorders?

Three-year-old Jared was taken to the doctor by his parents who were concerned by his seeming lack of attachment to those around him.Jared hardly spoke at all and spent all day preoccupied with bouncing his ball off a wall.After a thorough investigation,his pediatrician diagnosed him with:

Luis is able to organize coins in a row from the largest in size to the smallest.His newfound ability is called:

_____ is a relatively mild autism spectrum disorder in which the child has relatively good verbal language,milder nonverbal language problems,and a restricted range of interests and relationships.

In relation to the cognitive development theory,Piaget proposed that the concrete operational stage lasts from approximately _____ years of age.

A(n) _____ is a written statement that spells out a program that is specifically tailored for the student with a disability.

Children who have reached the concrete operational stage are capable of _____,which is the ability to order stimuli along a quantitative dimension,such as length.

Boys are estimated to be _____ more likely to have autism spectrum disorders than are girls.

_____ is a severe developmental disorder that has its onset in the first three years of life and includes deficiencies in social relationships,abnormalities in communication,and restricted,repetitive,and stereotyped patterns of behavior.

Jacob is a third-grader and has a disability that has caused him to be separated from his peers during the school day.Recently Jacob has been moved to the regular third-grade classroom.This is an instance of:

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest.He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C,then A is longer than C This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

_____ develop(s) more rapidly during early childhood,and _____ develop(s) more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act,enacted in 1975,required that:

The _____ is a setting that is as similar as possible to the one in which children who do not have a disability are educated.

Sadie has a learning disability and is being educated in the least restrictive environment possible.This means that Sadie:

Which of the following has been often found to be better at improving the behavior of children with ADHD?

A recent study revealed that peak thickness of the cerebral cortex occurs _____ in children with ADHD than in children without ADHD.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (2013) estimates,_____ children had an autism spectrum disorder in 2008.

_ develop(s) more rapidly during early childhood,and _ develop(s) more rapidly during middle and late childhood.